Cambio de área glaciar en el volcán Maipo (Andes Centrales), una aproximación morfométrica: 4 décadas de registros satelitales

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Lo Vecchio Repetto ◽  
Mario Candela ◽  
Daniel Falaschi ◽  
Federico Otero ◽  
María Alejandrina Videla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loss Rate ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Relative Area ◽  
Glacier Area ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Rugged Topography ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Current climatic conditions in Central Andes (CA) (31-36 °S) have triggered the reduction of glacier area. Although CA are geographically circumscribed to an area under the same macroclimatic domain, their rugged topography creates several topoclimates as response to the effects of elevation, slope and aspect (morphometric factors). This study explores the impact of morphometric factors on the evolution of the glacial surface located above of Maipo volcano (34°09'50''S; 69°49'53''W). Through the use of 11 LANDSAT images (MSS, TM and OLI), the spatio-temporal evolution (period 1976-2020) of the glacier area was reconstructed. On this period, glacier area was reduced by 6 ± 0.5 km2 (-0.14 ± 0.01 km2a-1), equal to 63 % of 1976 glacial area (9.6 ± 0.5 km2). Fifty percent of the reduction occurred between 3,900 and 4,000 m elevation, with absolute losses towards lower elevations. In addition, it was detected that for every 100 m of ascent the relative area loss rate decreased 0.1 %a-1 (R2 = 0.81; p-value

scholarly journals Nepal, a multi-hazard risk country: Spatio-temporal analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Jimee ◽  
Kimiro Meguro ◽  
Amod Mani Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complex Geology

Nepal, though covers small area of the earth, exposes complex geology with active tectonic processes, high peaks, sloppy terrain and climatic variation. Combination of such geo-physical and climatic conditions with existing poor socio-economic conditions, unplanned settlements, rapidly increasing population and low level of awareness has put the country in highest risk to multi-hazard events. Fires, floods, landslides and epidemics are the most frequent hazard events, which have cumulatively caused a significant loss of lives and property every year. However, due to diversity in physiographic, climatic and socio-economic conditions within the country, the type, frequency and degree of the impact of such events differs in different places. During the period of 46 years (1971-2016), an average of 2 events have been occurred causing 3 deaths/missing every day. Disaster events occurred most frequently during the months of April, July and August, while relatively lesser number of events have been reported during January, November and December. However, earthquakes have been reported in different months, regardless with the season. This paper is an effort to analyse the spatial distribution and temporal variation of disaster events in Nepal. Further it has drawn a trend of disasters occurrence in Nepal, which will help the decision makers and other stakeholders for formulating Disaster Risk Management (DRM) plan and policies on one hand and heighten citizens’ awareness of against disasters on the other.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE PORT STRUCTURE IN THE SPATIO-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF THE SEDIMENTARY AND BATHYMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A MOROCCAN ATLANTIC BAY, STUDY CASE BAY OF SAFI CITY

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
A. Minoubi ◽  
M. Bouchkara ◽  
K. El Khalidi ◽  
M. Chaibi ◽  
M. Ayt Ougougdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Port Construction

Abstract. This study focuses on morpho-sedimentary changes in the bay of Safi (Atlantic coast of Morocco), due to a progressive extension of the port. For this purpose, several bathymetric and sedimentary surveys carried out by the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Navy (SHOM) in 1892, 1906 and 1940 respectively, coupled with a bathymetric and sedimentary measurement mission in 2009, were analyzed to understand the impact of the port developments on the bottom of Safi Bay. This analysis consists of making maps of the evolution of (i) sedimentary facies (of different dates 1892, 1906, 1940 and 2009) and (ii) the shallow seabed of the three periods 1892–1906, 1906–1940 and 1940–2009. The sedimentary facies maps show that the facies appear unstable and evolve intermittently in response to environmental changes in the bay (port construction and expansion). In addition, the overlay of the bathymetric maps indicates that the bay has undergone changes (lowering, stability, and raising) controlled by hydrodynamic conditions before, during, and even after harbor construction. Analysis of the data showed that the expansion of the port often reshaped the morphology of the bay's seabed. The consequences of these evolutions are the appearance of the fattening or the erosion of the bank and the filling of small depressions of sediments. This evolution is reflected in the modification of the funds near the port and the beach of Safi.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Mechanism Analysis of China’s Regional Innovation Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11089
Author(s):  
Zhen Xu ◽  
Xiang Zhu ◽  
Guoen Wei ◽  
Xiao Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Evolution Pattern ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Improving regional innovation efficiency is the key to developing an innovative country. Exploring the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of regional innovation efficiency is crucial in the formulation of regional policies and the choice of innovation models. This study used the superdata envelopment analysis method with undesirable outputs in evaluating the innovation efficiency of Chinese provinces. To assess the spatial spillover effects of innovation factors, the spatial autocorrelation and spatial Durbin model were adopted to characterize the spatio-temporal evolution, spatial correlation, and mechanisms of innovation efficiency. The highlights of the results are as follows: (1) The time-series changes in innovation efficiency showed a general trend from declining to increasing. (2) There were pronounced regional differences in innovation efficiency. The innovation efficiencies at the provincial level evolved from being decentralized to concentrated. The innovation efficiency was relatively stable in the eastern region and increased significantly in the central and western regions. The east–center–west evolution pattern gradually weakened. (3) The innovative efficiency exhibited spatial dependence, and the spatial agglomeration continued to increase. The extent of hot spots expanded, while cold spots shrunk slightly. (4) The scientific research environment, entrepreneurial environment, labor quality, and market environment were the essential elements that improved innovation efficiency. The impact of the different factors on innovation efficiency at different periods exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Urbinization on the Climate of Kumasi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Mensah ◽  
Julia Atayi ◽  
Amos T. Kabo-bah ◽  
Marian Švik ◽  
Daniel Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Green Vegetation ◽  
City Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The key anthropogenic effects on climate include the changes in land use and emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Depletion of vegetation poses serious threat that speeds the process of climate change and reduces carbon sequestration by the environment. Thus, the preservation of natural environment in urban areas is an essential component of the garden city model, proposed by Sir Ebenezer Howard in 1898, to ensure ecological balance. Recent Landsat images showed that Kumasi does not have the required percentage of green vegetation as was stipulated in the garden city model on which the city was built. It was observed that most parts of Kumasi's green vegetation have been lost to built environments. This study was conducted to assess the impact of urbanization on the garden city status and its effect on the micro-climate of the city. Significant changes in the vegetation cover of the city was evaluated from Landsat-TM imagery and analysis of a long term climatic data of Kumasi carried out over a 55-year period (1960 to 2015). It was observed that, climatic conditions have slightly changed, as mean surface temperature of has increased by 1.2 °C/ 55 years, due to the significant landuse changes from development of non-transpiring, reduced evaporative urban surfaces. However, the impact is not greatly felt due to the geographical location of the city on the globe despite the evidence of a considerable temperature change. Green vegetation conservation for the city is recommended as a top priority in future for city authorities and planners.

scholarly journals Multi-year droughts in Europe: analysis of development and causes

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Parry ◽  
Jamie Hannaford ◽  
Ben Lloyd-Hughes ◽  
Christel Prudhomme
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Monitoring And Forecasting ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Uk

Whilst hydrological systems can show resilience to short-term streamflow deficiencies during within-year droughts, prolonged deficits during multi-year droughts are a significant threat to water resources security in Europe. This study uses a threshold-based objective classification of regional hydrological drought to qualitatively examine the characteristics, spatio-temporal evolution and synoptic climatic drivers of multi-year drought events in 1962–64, 1975–76 and 1995–97, on a European scale but with particular focus on the UK. Whilst all three events are multi-year, pan-European phenomena, their development and causes can be contrasted. The critical factor in explaining the unprecedented severity of the 1975–76 event is the consecutive occurrence of winter and summer drought. In contrast, 1962–64 was a succession of dry winters, mitigated by quiescent summers, whilst 1995–97 lacked spatial coherence and was interrupted by wet interludes. Synoptic climatic conditions vary within and between multi-year droughts, suggesting that regional factors modulate the climate signal in streamflow drought occurrence. Despite being underpinned by qualitatively similar climatic conditions and commonalities in evolution and characteristics, each of the three droughts has a unique spatio-temporal signature. An improved understanding of the spatio-temporal evolution and characteristics of multi-year droughts has much to contribute to monitoring and forecasting capability, and to improved mitigation strategies.

Spatio-temporal evolution of two-plasmon decay in homogeneous plasma

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 749-761
Author(s):  
D. R. DIMITRIJEVIĆ ◽  
A. A. MALUCKOV
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Critical Density ◽  
Plasma Waves ◽  
Electron Plasma ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Homogeneous Plasma ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA hydrodynamic model of two-plasmon decay in a homogeneous plasma slab near the quarter-critical density is utilized to study the spatio-temporal evolution of the daughter electron plasma waves in plasma in the course of the instability. The influence of laser and plasma parameters on the evolution of the amplitudes of the participating waves is discussed, assuming that the secondary coupling of two daughter electron plasma waves with an ion-acoustic wave is the principal mechanism of saturation of the instability. The impact of inherently non-resonant nature of this secondary coupling on the development of TPD is investigated for the first time and it is shown to significantly influence the electron plasma wave dynamics. Its inclusion leads to non-uniformity of the spatial profile of the instability and causes the burst-like pattern of the instability development, which should result in the burst-like hot-electron production in homogeneous plasma.

Spatio-temporal relational evaluation of the Beijing water crisis and planning implementation from 1949 to 2013

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fu ◽  
Kongjian Yu ◽  
Dihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Water Planning ◽  
Planning Implementation ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Due to a lack of evaluation of the implementation of water planning policies, based on long-term spatio-temporal analysis, this research uses Beijing as an empirical case study to bridge this gap. We analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of water problems and water planning implementations. Content analysis, cluster analysis, and spatial interpolation analysis are used to illustrate the spatio-temporal evolution of water planning implementation. In addition, a grey relational model is developed to determine the impact of the most relevant implementation objects on each water issue. The results indicate that the Beijing water crisis evolves from the center outwards in a planar expansion. However, the water plan implementation shows linear and point characteristics. The majority of implementation categories consist of single-function infrastructure. The implemented categories ‘which show a significant implementation peak’ influence more than one water issue. The categories ‘that were implemented at a steady rate’ have a high relational grade with both surface and underground water shortage problems. Different implementation types from different planning categories may have simultaneous effects on one kind of water problem. Thus, improving water governance is the key to water security in Beijing. This study may serve as a reference for future water planning in other cities.

The Impact of modern Tobacco Agriculture planning on the Spatio-temporal Evolution of Urban construction Land

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 938-949
Author(s):  
Miao Yahui ◽  
Jiang Ce ◽  
Gu Zifan ◽  
Xi Zenglei
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Long Time Series ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, the world tobacco industry has shown a trend of continuous growth in market demand and increasingly concentrated tobacco market, which brings new opportunities to the tobacco agriculture development. However, the modern tobacco agriculture is bound to occupy a large amount of agricultural land, which will have a certain impact on the distribution of urban construction land (UCL). Therefore, reasonable and effective modern tobacco agricultural planning plays a vital role in promoting modern agricultural and urban development.In this paper, we took Baiyangdian basin as the study area, applying the long time series nighttime light (NTL) data to extract UCL and analysing the impact of modern tobacco agriculture planning on the spatio-temporal evolution of UCL. Firstly, we used a power function model to fit the two kinds of international mainstream NTL data to form a long time series NTL dataset from 1992 to 2018 to make the NTL data comparable over a long time. Then, the threshold segmentation method based on land use data calibration was applied to extract the UCL in Baiyangdian basin in 2000, 2010 and 2018, and to analyze its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and patterns by combining the landscape metrics and gravity model. The results show that the UCL in Baiyangdian basin shows the expansion trend centered on the main urban area of Baoding City, land intensification degree has increased, and the modern tobacco agriculture planning has a profound impact on the spatio-temporal distribution of UCL. Our study will provide technical support and experience for the scientific modern tobacco agriculture planning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document