The relationship between renal sinus lipomatosis detected at abdominal computed tomography and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat accumulation and metabolic risk factors

AbstractWe evaluated the associations between metabolic parameters with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume in women with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and we compared the VAT volume with the VAT area. We enrolled women aged > 20 years with prediabetes or T2DM, who underwent oral glucose tolerance test and whose VAT was evaluated using computed tomography (CT) at our institution between 2017 and 2019. All participants underwent unenhanced spiral CT with a 3-mm slice thickness from the level of the diaphragm to the level of the mid-thigh. The two VAT areas were defined as the free drawn area on the levels of the umbilicus and L2 vertebra. The VAT areas were also manually drawn from the level of the diaphragm to the level of the pelvic floor and were used to calculate the VAT volumes by summing all areas with a slice thickness of 3 mm after setting the attenuation values from −45 to −195 Hounsfield Unit. All metabolic characteristics, except blood pressure, were significantly correlated with the VAT volume. The VAT areas measured at the level of the L2 vertebra and umbilicus were correlated with serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Framingham steatosis index alone. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that the VAT volume was significantly associated with several metabolic parameters. In conclusion, in women with prediabetes and T2DM, the VAT volume acquired from CT-based calculation has more significant correlations with metabolic risk factors compared with the VAT area.

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Metabolic Syndrome and Physical Performance: The Moderating Role of Cognition among Middle-to-Older-Aged Adults

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720000788 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Elisa F. Ogawa ◽

Elizabeth Leritz ◽

Regina McGlinchey ◽

William Milberg ◽

Jonathan F. Bean

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Executive Function ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Explicit Memory ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Mobility Performance ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objective: Mobility limitation and cognitive decline are related. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), the clustering of three or more cardiovascular risk factors, is associated with decline in both mobility and cognition. However, the interrelationship among MetS, mobility, and cognition is unknown. This study investigated a proposed pathway where cognition moderates the relationship between MetS and Mobility. Method: Adults ages 45–90 years were recruited. MetS risk factors and mobility performance (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and gait speed) were evaluated. Cognition was assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. A factor analysis of neuropsychological test scores yielded three factors: executive function, explicit memory, and semantic/contextual memory. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the relationship among MetS, mobility, and cognition. Results: Of the 74 participants (average age 61 ± 9 years; 41% female; 69% White), 27 (36%) participants manifested MetS. Mean SPPB score was 10.9 ± 1.2 out of 12 and gait speed was 1.0 ± 0.2 m/s. There were no statistically significant differences in mobility by MetS status. However, increase in any one of the MetS risk factors was associated with decreased mobility performance after adjusting for age and gender (SPPB score: β (SE) -.17 (0.08), p < .05; gait speed: -.03 (.01), p < .01). Further adjusting for cognitive factors (SPPB score: explicit memory .31 (.14), p = .03; executive function 0.45 (0.13), p < .01; gait speed: explicit memory 0.04 (0.02), p = .03; executive function 0.06 (0.02), p < .01) moderated the relationships between number of metabolic risk factors and mobility. Conclusion: The relationship between metabolic risk factors and mobility may be moderated by cognitive performance, specifically through executive function and explicit memory.

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Using structural equation model to illustrate the relationship between metabolic risk factors and cardiovascular complications in Taiwan

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/01.hjr.0000230095.65062.a9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 633-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jou-Wei Lin ◽

Juey-Jen Hwang ◽

Dao-Fu Dai ◽

Yung-Zu Tseng

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Structural Equation Model ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Equation Model ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

The Relationship

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The 482Ser ofPPARGC1Aand 12Pro ofPPARG2Alleles Are Associated with Reduction of Metabolic Risk Factors Even Obesity in a Mexican-Mestizo Population

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/285491 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽

Milton-Omar Guzmán-Ornelas ◽

Fernanda-Isadora Corona Meraz ◽

Clara-Patricia Ríos-Ibarra ◽

Eduardo-Alejandro Reyes-Serratos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Polymorphism Analysis ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Functional Polymorphisms ◽

Mexican Mestizos ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

The Relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between functional polymorphisms Gly482Ser inPPARGC1Aand Pro12Ala inPPARG2with the presence of obesity and metabolic risk factors. We included 375 individuals characterized as Mexican-Mestizos and classified by the body mass index (BMI). Body dimensions and distribution of body fat were measured. The HOMA-IR and adiposity indexes were calculated. Adipokines and metabolic profile quantification were performed by ELISA and routine methods. Genetic polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A difference between obese and nonobese subjects in polymorphismPPARGC1Adistribution was observed. Among obese individuals, carriers of genotype 482Gly/Gly were observed to have decreased body fat, BMI, and body fat ratio versus 482Ser/Ser carriers and increased resistin and leptin levels in carriers Gly+ phenotype versus Gly− phenotype. Subjects withPPARG2Ala− phenotype (genotype 12Pro/Pro) showed a decreased HOMA-IR index versus individuals with Ala+ phenotype (genotypes 12Pro/Ala plus 12Ala/Ala). We propose that, in obese Mexican-Mestizos, the combination of alleles 482Ser inPPARGC1Aand 12Pro inPPARG2represents a reduced metabolic risk profile, even when the adiposity indexes are increased.

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Investigating the relationship between prenatal growth and postnatal outcomes: a systematic review of the literature

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s2040174413000251 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 434-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

T. Norris ◽

N. Cameron

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

First Trimester ◽

Postnatal Growth ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Prenatal Growth ◽

The Relationship

Theories regarding the relationship between pre- and postnatal growth and programming of health have been based on characteristics at birth, with little or no reference to the patterns of growth occurring in utero. Review of the literature to identify studies using ultrasonographically obtained fetal dimensions to track prenatal growth and relate these patterns of growth to postnatal anthropometry and cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Review of Medline, Scopus and Proquest for studies reporting on ultrasonographically derived estimates of fetal growth and their association with postnatal anthropometry, body composition or cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Quality of papers were assessed using the method developed by Downs and Black. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, with a mean score of high quality. Twenty of the studies had follow-up in infancy, five in childhood, three in adolescence and one in adulthood. The associations observed suggest that centile tracking may occur early in pregnancy though whether this is as early as the first trimester is uncertain. The second trimester may be a critical period for the programming of blood pressure and abdominal circumference may be the most sensitive fetal dimension to indicate any programming.

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