De verwerving van woordklemtoon in perspectief

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Paula Fikkert
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Stress System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Word Stress ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Innate Knowledge ◽  
Infant Speech Perception ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract The acquisition of word stress in perspectiveThis paper reflects on the acquisition of Dutch word stress reported in Nederlandse Taalkunde 1 (1996), where I argued that children systematically build up a grammar for word stress that fits a parameter framework without assuming innate knowledge. In the past 25 years this work has been praised and criticized because (a) the theoretical framework changed to Optimality Theory, (b) the proposed stages did not always adequately fit the data, and (c) new evidence from infant speech perception suggested that children know the word stress system before they start speaking. To fully understand how children acquire word stress, the next 25 year requires researchers from various disciplines to join forces to study representations and perception-production processes in tandem, the mechanisms that cause learning, and the interaction of word stress with other linguistic subdomains.

scholarly journals San’ani Arabic Stress in Harmonic Serialism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Faisal Al-Mohanna
Keyword(s):  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Word Stress ◽  
Harmonic Serialism ◽  
Final Stress ◽  
Parallel Fashion ◽  
Stress Placement

The word stress system in San’ani Arabic exhibits patterns of stress placement that associate some level of prominence with syllables with long vowels and syllables that end in the left-leg of a geminate. The fact that such syllables always succeed in attracting stress away from other non-final CVC syllables, even beyond the final trisyllabic window, clearly indicates the role that underlying moraicity plays in the stress algorithm. The proposed account, offered in this paper for the word stress system in San’ani, is couched in Harmonic Serialism, as a serial version of Optimality Theory. Key to the analyses presented is the assumption of gradual prosodification. The distinction drawn between faithful and unfaithful prosodic operations allows for applying some in a parallel fashion, but confines others to serialism. Central to the analysis, as well, is the exceptional case of final stress, which is mainly attributed to the intrinsic prominence of syllables with underlying bimoraic sequences.

Neuro-Clinical Signatures of Language Impairments: A Theoretical Framework for Function-to-structure Mapping in Clinics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 800-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferath Kherif ◽  
Sandrine Muller
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mapping ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Structure Mapping ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language Recovery ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Bow Tie

In the past decades, neuroscientists and clinicians have collected a considerable amount of data and drastically increased our knowledge about the mapping of language in the brain. The emerging picture from the accumulated knowledge is that there are complex and combinatorial relationships between language functions and anatomical brain regions. Understanding the underlying principles of this complex mapping is of paramount importance for the identification of the brain signature of language and Neuro-Clinical signatures that explain language impairments and predict language recovery after stroke. We review recent attempts to addresses this question of language-brain mapping. We introduce the different concepts of mapping (from diffeomorphic one-to-one mapping to many-to-many mapping). We build those different forms of mapping to derive a theoretical framework where the current principles of brain architectures including redundancy, degeneracy, pluri-potentiality and bow-tie network are described.

scholarly journals Protein L—More Than Just an Affinity Ligand

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Stefan Kittler ◽  
Mihail Besleaga ◽  
Julian Ebner ◽  
Oliver Spadiut
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Downstream Process ◽  
Affinity Ligands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Affinity Ligand ◽  
Recombinant Production ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Platform Technology ◽  
Analytical Tools

In the past 30 years, highly specific drugs, known as antibodies, have conquered the biopharmaceutical market. In addition to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody fragments are successfully applied. However, recombinant production faces challenges. Process analytical tools for monitoring and controlling production processes are scarce and time-intensive. In the downstream process (DSP), affinity ligands are established as the primary and most important step, while the application of other methods is challenging. The use of these affinity ligands as monitoring tools would enable a platform technology to monitor process steps in the USP and DSP. In this review, we highlight the current applications of affinity ligands (proteins A, G, and L) and discuss further applications as process analytical tools.

scholarly journals Emergency management of the paediatric patient with convulsive status epilepticus

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Kyle C McKenzie ◽  
Cecil D Hahn ◽  
Jeremy N Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Convulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract This guideline addresses the emergency management of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children and infants older than 1 month of age. It replaces a previous position statement from 2011, and includes a new treatment algorithm and table of recommended medications based on new evidence and reflecting the evolution of clinical practice over the past several years. This statement emphasizes the importance of timely pharmacological management of CSE, and includes some guidance for diagnostic approach and supportive care.

Mathematical Issues Arising From the Directed Mutation Controversy

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
Qi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Directed Mutation ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract During the past 14 years or so a large body of new evidence that supposedly supports the directed mutation hypothesis has accumulated. Interpretation of some of the evidence depends on mathematical reasoning, which can be subtler than it appears at first sight. This article attempts to clarify some of the mathematical issues arising from the directed mutation controversy, thereby offering alternative interpretations of some of the evidence.

Top resources and tools for physician management of chronic pain in the Canadian Armed Forces

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210039
Author(s):  
Paul Dhillon ◽  
Nickie Mathew ◽  
Richard Lee ◽  
Eric Juneau ◽  
Robert Dale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
Prescription Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Canadian Armed Forces ◽  
Busy Clinician ◽  
Primary Care Clinicians ◽  
Canadian Military ◽  
New Evidence

LAY SUMMARY Diagnosis and management of chronic pain in Canada by primary care clinicians is a challenging and changing field with new approaches, evidence, and tools emerging in the past few years. For a busy clinician, it is vital to integrate and become aware of new tools that can improve the care delivered to patients. This article summarizes new evidence-based tools, key guidelines and research, algorithms, and simplified prescription practices, in addition to continuous medical education resources that will allow busy clinicians to rapidly be brought up to speed on the latest in chronic pain management in the Canadian military context.

Islamic International Relations Towards a Theoretical Framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gubara Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The World

The Western originators of the multi-disciplinary social sciences and their successors, including most major Western social intellectuals, excluded religion as an explanation for the world and its affairs. They held that religion had no role to play in modern society or in rational elucidations for the way world politics or/and relations work. Expectedly, they also focused most of their studies on the West, where religion’s effect was least apparent and argued that its influence in the non-West was a primitive residue that would vanish with its modernization, the Muslim world in particular. Paradoxically, modernity has caused a resurgence or a revival of religion, including Islam. As an alternative approach to this Western-centric stance and while focusing on Islam, the paper argues that religion is not a thing of the past and that Islam has its visions of international relations between Muslim and non-Muslim states or abodes: peace, war, truce or treaty, and preaching (da’wah).

The Cultural Context of Reception:

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Riikka Korppi-Tommola
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dance Company ◽  
Merce Cunningham ◽  
Encounter Time

Abstract The reception of the Merce Cunningham Dance Company and John Cage’s visit to Helsinki in 1964 revealed local, Finnish aesthetic priorities. In the dance critics’ texts, Cunningham’s style seemed to create confusion, for example, with its mixture of styles visà-vis avant-garde music. Music critics, mainly avant-garde and jazz musicians, had high expectations for this theatrical event. In their reviews, comparisons were made between Cunningham’s style and the productions of Anna Halprin. In this paper, I analyse the cultural perspectives of this encounter and utilize the theoretical framework of Thomas Postlewait’s pattern of cultural contexts. Additionally, I follow David M. Levin’s argumentation about changes in aesthetics. Local and foreign conventions become emphasized in this kind of a transnational, intercultural encounter. Time and place are involved in the interpretations of the past as well as later in the processes of forming periods.

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