scholarly journals Polyherbal Natural Hand Sanitizer Formulation and Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 932-939
Author(s):  
Vijaya B. Surwase ◽  
Manasi M. Savale ◽  
Ranjit S. Jadhav ◽  
Akshaykumar B. Kadam ◽  
Pradnya P. Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Making a polyherbal hand sanitizer’s major purpose is to increase “hand hygiene.” In the prevention, control, and reduction of hospital-acquired infections, hand hygiene is a key principle and practice. The plants were validated using fresh Azadirachta indica and Tridax procumbens leaves. The leaves were cleaned, dried in the shade, and used for future research. Using the Soxhlate equipment and hydroalcoholic solvent extraction, several phytochemicals were extracted, and the recovered phytochemicals were qualitatively examined before being evaluated for antibacterial activity. This herbal extract blend was used to make hand sanitizer. Herbal hand sanitizer was evaluated using microorganism suspensions (Bacteria- E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus), which showed that herbal hand sanitizer is more efficient than commercial synthetic hand sanitizer in reducing the number of germs on the hands. The increased antibacterial activity and efficacy of these plant extracts can be exploited to create herbal hand sanitizers on a commercial scale. When the ingredients are mixed together, they form a hand sanitizer.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Herbal Plants Against Some Hospital-Acquired Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Hassan Habibi ◽  
◽  
Noorsaadat Saajedi ◽  
Najmeh Ghahtan ◽  
Saajedeh Habibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Due to increased bacterial resistance to common antibiotics, the tendency towards using herbal extracts is increasing. Plantago major L, Plantago ovata, Lallemantia iberica L, Sinapis arvensis L, and Ficus carica  are widely used as herbal plants in traditional medicine. They were known to have a variety of therapeutic effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of hydroalcoholic extract of these herbs against some hospital-acquired infections. Materials and Methods: Disk-diffusion antibiotic sensitivity testing, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration of hydroalcoholic extracts were applied to assess the antibacterial activity compared with tetracycline, as a control antibiotic. Results: The results of this experiment showed that the L. iberica and S. arvensis extract had the greatest effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris. All the tested medicinal plants had a high antibacterial effect on P. vulgaris, except P. ovata. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the replacement of chemical drugs with herbal extract could be effective in the elimination of bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Patients’ Hand Washing and Reducing Hospital-Acquired Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. e1-e8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Haverstick ◽  
Cara Goodrich ◽  
Regi Freeman ◽  
Shandra James ◽  
Rajkiran Kullar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Hospital Acquired

BACKGROUND Hand hygiene is important to prevent hospital-acquired infections. Patients’ hand hygiene is just as important as hospital workers’ hand hygiene. Hospital-acquired infection rates remain a concern across health centers. OBJECTIVES To improve patients’ hand hygiene through the promotion and use of hand washing with soap and water, hand sanitizer, or both and improve patients’ education to reduce hospital-acquired infections. METHODS In August 2013, patients in a cardiothoracic postsurgical step-down unit were provided with individual bottles of hand sanitizer. Nurses and nursing technicians provided hand hygiene education to each patient. Patients completed a 6-question survey before the intervention, at hospital discharge and 1, 2, and 3 months after the intervention. Hospital-acquired infection data were tracked monthly by infection prevention staff. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between hand hygiene and rates of infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (P = .003) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (P = .01) after the intervention. After the implementation of hand hygiene interventions, rates of both infections declined significantly and patients reported more staff offering opportunities for and encouraging hand hygiene. CONCLUSION This quality improvement project demonstrates that increased hand hygiene compliance by patients can influence infection rates in an adult cardiothoracic step-down unit. The decreased infection rates and increased compliance with hand hygiene among the patients may be attributed to the implementation of patient education and the increased accessibility and use of hand sanitizer.

Isolation of post operative hospital acquired infections in a private hospital of Bangladesh and identification of clonal relatedness of E. coli by using Pulse filed gel electrophoresis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murshed ◽  
Sabeena Shahnaz ◽  
Md. Abdul Malek
Keyword(s):  
Private Hospital ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Dressing Materials

Isolation and identification of post operative hospital acquired infection was carried out from July 2008 to December 2008 in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital (private hospital). The major pathogen of wound infection was E. coli. A total; of 120 samples were collected from the surrounding environment of post operative room like floor, bed sheets, instruments, dressing materials, catheter, nasogastric and endotracheal tube. E. coli (40%) was the predominant organism followed by S. aureus (24%). DNA fingerprinting analysis using pulsed field gel electreopheresis of XbaI restriction digested genomic DNA showed that clonal relatedness between the two clinical nd environmental isolates were 100%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19369 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 7-10

scholarly journals Correlation between Antibiotic Consumption and Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Anesthesia and Intensive Care Healthcare Professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Emanuela Santoro ◽  
Marco Fiore ◽  
Sebastiano Leone ◽  
Armando Masucci ◽  
Roberta Manente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the correct use of gloves and alcohol-based products for hand hygiene and identify opportunities for hand hygiene replacement with gloves among healthcare professionals working in the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care of a tertiary care University Hospital. Background: Two centuries have passed since the discovery of Semmelweis that the “puerperal fever” was due to an infection transmitted by the hands. Currently the hand hygiene is still not well performed, rather it is often replaced by the improper use of gloves. Microbial transmission is estimated to occur in one-fifth of all contact cases. Objective: To investigate the correct use of gloves and alcohol-based products for hand hygiene and identify opportunities for hand hygiene replacement with gloves among healthcare professionals. Furthermore, to correlate the consumption data of the hydroalcoholic solution and the amount of antibiotics used for the treatment of hospital-acquired infections. Method: The study was conducted over six months period (from January to June 2018); during this period, 20 monitoring sessions were performed. The following indicators were evaluated: a) Non-adherence to hand hygiene with concomitant use of gloves; b) Adhesion to alcoholic friction of hands; c) Hand-washing adhesion. Instead, the consumption data, provided by the hospital ward itself, were used for the evaluation of d) The antibiotics used in the treatment of hospital-acquired infections; e) The hydro-alcoholic solution used by the healthcare professionals for hand hygiene. Results: The frequency of non-adherence to hand hygiene was very high at the beginning of the study, subsequently it decreased to about a half percent to that at the initial stage. The adhesion to alcoholic friction of hands increased during the study period. Otherwise, the hand-washing adhesion slightly reduced, especially in March probably due to the recruitment of new inadequately trained nursing staff. The trend of antibiotic consumption was similar to handwashing. The consumption of hydro-alcoholic solution was very low, however over time, it increased considerably until the end of the study. Conclusion: In light of the findings from this work, it is necessary to make the hospital staff increasingly aware of the correct practice of hand hygiene and to organize training and informative sessions to promote the health of the individual and the community.

scholarly journals Using environmental engineering to increase hand hygiene compliance: a cross-over study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e017108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Ann Schmidtke ◽  
Navneet Aujla ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Gerard P Hodgkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
South Central ◽  
Priming Condition ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Hospital Acquired

IntroductionCompliance with hand hygiene recommendations in hospital is typically less than 50%. Such low compliance inevitably contributes to hospital-acquired infections that negatively affect patients’ well-being and hospitals’ finances. The design of the present study is predicated on the assumption that most people who fail to clean their hands are not doing so intentionally, they just forget. The present study will test whether psychological priming can be used to increase the number of people who clean their hands on entering a ward. Here, we present the protocol for this study.Methods and analysisThe study will use a randomised cross-over design. During the study, each of four wards will be observed during four conditions: olfactory prime, visual prime, both primes and neither prime. Each condition will be experienced for 42 days followed by a 7-day washout period (total duration of trial=189 days). We will record the number of people who enter each ward and whether they clean their hands during observation sessions, the amount of cleaning material used from the dispensers each week and the number of hospital-acquired infections that occur in each period. The outcomes will be compared using a regression analysis. Following the initial trail, the most effective priming condition will be rolled out for 3 months in all the wards.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval was obtained from the South Central—Oxford C Research Ethics Committee (16/SC/0554), the Health Regulatory Authority and the sponsor.Trial registration numberISRCTN (15397624); Edge ID 86357.

scholarly journals Strain Typing and the Ecological Structure of Escherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Strain Typing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
The Many ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Escherichia coli is a commonly encountered commensal of the lower intestinal tract of humans and other mammals. Strains of the species are responsible for a significant amount of human morbidity and mortality each year. Consequently, numerous efforts attempt to track the movement of hospital-acquired infections, determine the source of a foodborne disease outbreak, or investigate the seasonal patterns of pathogen abundance in domestic animals. All of these endeavors require that the isolates acquired be differentiated from each other in some manner. This review briefly describes some of the commonly used molecular typing methods for E. coli. However, the main aim of the review is to describe the many levels, from the species to individual strains, at which E. coli can be considered, and to contend that a hierarchical approach to strain typing may often reveal patterns that are not obvious when a typing scheme is simply designed to differentiate isolates.

scholarly journals Impact of a hand hygiene educational programme on hospital-acquired infections in medical wards

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1212-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Monistrol ◽  
E. Calbo ◽  
M. Riera ◽  
C. Nicolás ◽  
R. Font ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Educational Programme ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Hospital Acquired

scholarly journals Reducing hospital-acquired infections and improving the rational use of antibiotics in a developing country: an effectiveness study

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah K Murni ◽  
Trevor Duke ◽  
Sharon Kinney ◽  
Andrew J Daley ◽  
Yati Soenarto
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics ◽  
Hospital Acquired

BackgroundPrevention of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) is central to providing safe and high quality healthcare. Transmission of infection between patients by health workers, and the irrational use of antibiotics have been identified as preventable aetiological factors for HAIs. Few studies have addressed this in developing countries.AimsTo implement a multifaceted infection control and antibiotic stewardship programme and evaluate its effectiveness on HAIs and antibiotic use.MethodsA before-and-after study was conducted over 27 months in a teaching hospital in Indonesia. All children admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit and paediatric wards were observed daily. Assessment of HAIs was made based on the criteria from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The multifaceted intervention consisted of a hand hygiene campaign, antibiotic stewardship (using the WHO Pocket Book of Hospital Care for Children guidelines as standards of antibiotic prescribing for community-acquired infections), and other elementary infection control practices. Data were collected using an identical method in the preintervention and postintervention periods.ResultsWe observed a major reduction in HAIs, from 22.6% (277/1227 patients) in the preintervention period to 8.6% (123/1419 patients) in the postintervention period (relative risk (RR) (95% CI) 0.38 (0.31 to 0.46)). Inappropriate antibiotic use declined from 43% (336 of 780 patients who were prescribed antibiotics) to 20.6% (182 of 882 patients) (RR 0.46 (0.40 to 0.55)). Hand hygiene compliance increased from 18.9% (319/1690) to 62.9% (1125/1789) (RR 3.33 (2.99 to 3.70)). In-hospital mortality decreased from 10.4% (127/1227) to 8% (114/1419) (RR 0.78 (0.61 to 0.97)).ConclusionsMultifaceted infection control interventions are effective in reducing HAI rates, improving the rational use of antibiotics, increasing hand hygiene compliance, and may reduce mortality in hospitalised children in developing countries.

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