scholarly journals HYPERTENSION: A SUFFIECIENT RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1103-06
Author(s):  
Subhana Akber Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Four Levels

Hypertension is a risk factor that can cause hypertension leading to cardiovascular diseases. A high or persistent blood pressure level of 140/90mmHg is known as hypertension which is divided into further stages. Blood pressure is the pushing force with which the heart pumps blood against the walls of arteries. High blood pressure is a serious medical condition in which the force of blood against wall of an artery is elevated than the normal which is called as hypertension. Recent guidelines of ICD-11 categorizes blood pressure into four levels. In a clinical setting, an average of blood pressure measurements is usually taken by healthcare providers. These categories are labeled as normal blood pressure, elevated blood pressure, stage 1 hypertension and stage 2 hypertension according the blood pressure measurements. Hypertension is associated with cardiovascular diseases which results in significant morbidity and mortality. Hypertension for a long-term or chronic elevation of blood pressure causes organ damage, eventually. It can be divided into primary or essential hypertension which occurs in 95% of cases whereas; secondary hypertension occurs in 5% of the cases. There are several possible and interrelated factors that are involved in development of hypertension. Intake of sodium in diet, insulin resistance, genetics, and obesity are some of the non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension. Whereas; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, cardiac output, peripheral resistance are also implicated in hypertension development. It is a wide known considered risk factor not only for cardiovascular diseases but for renal diseases as well. In this review article.....

Hypertension Vis-à-Vis Vatavyadhi - A Critical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreelakshmi P ◽  
Totad Muttappa ◽  
Vasantha B ◽  
Yadu N Mooss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure or arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. Ranked as the third important risk factor for attributable burden of diseases in South Asia (2010). There are two basic components involved in the physiology of arterial blood pressure-cardiac output and peripheral resistance. Here hypertension has been understood on the grounds of Vatavyadhi and the management of hypertension on the same grounds has been elaborated. This paper throws an insight to the understanding and management of hypertension under the broad spectrum of Vatavyadhi. Also highlights the mode of action of anti-hypertensives on Ayurvedic grounds.

Analysis of the quality of early diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases in students of educational institutions of Khabarovsk (according to the data of preventive examinations)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Conduction Disturbances ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

To identify the prevalence of early pathology of cardiovascular diseases, a survey of 400 200 girls) in the age group 15 and 17 years old was conducted as a part of routine medical of the level of blood pressure (BP) was carried out, with the calculation of the average level pressure on the basis of three separate measurements estimated by percentile tables for a registration of a standard resting ECG in 12 leads. According to the results of the survey, into 3 groups: with an increase in blood pressure above 95 ‰ (group 1 – 16 people), which recorded in males (p<0,05); Group 2 (67 people) – adolescents with a normal blood pressure level and group 3 of adolescents with a decrease in blood pressure below 5 ‰ changes in the form of rhythm and conduction disturbances were noted in almost every a predominance of sinus tachycardia in the first group. In the third group of adolescents, form of ectopic rhythm and pacemaker migration were significantly more frequently only 78 % of adolescents were referred for consultation and in-depth examination by a pediatric cardiologist.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Undiagnosed Hypertension in an Apparently Healthy Western Indian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand N. Shukla ◽  
Tarun Madan ◽  
Bhavesh M. Thakkar ◽  
Meena M. Parmar ◽  
Komal H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Illness ◽  
Apparently Healthy

This epidemiological study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of undetected hypertension in an apparently healthy western Indian population having no history of major illness. 3629 individuals of ≥18 years of age were included in the study. Hypertension (HTN) was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg and prehypertension (PHTN) as SBP ≥ 120–139 mmHg or DBP ≥ 80–89 mmHg, but without HTN. The prevalence of undiagnosed HTN in the total population was 26% and was 11% and 40% in the young (≤40-year) and old (>40-year) populations, respectively. The prevalence of PHTN, 40% in the overall population, was nearly the same in the young (39%) and the old population (42%). The risk factor most strongly associated with PHTN and HTN was obesity, showing the highest odds ratio in the overall (PHTN 2.14; 95% CI 1.20–3.81; HTN 2.72; 95% CI 1.53–4.85), the young (PHTN 2.29; 95% CI 1.25–4.21; HTN 2.92; 95% CI 1.59–5.35), and the old (PHTN 1.13; 95% CI 0.65–1.96; HTN 1.38; 95% CI 0.79–2.4) populations. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases which must not be ignored, especially in the western Indian population.

scholarly journals Home Blood Pressure Measurement in the Morning Related to Cancer in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 10 Years-Term Results of a Longitudinal Study and Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kyuzi Kamoi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference

Previous longitudinal studies have demonstrated that blood pressure measurements at home (HBP) in the wakening- up display stronger predictive power for death, and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than clinic blood pressure measurements (CBP). The leading cause of death was cancer. Patients with T2DM have associated with cancer, and high CBP is a risk factor for cancer. Therefore, this study investigated whether HBP or CBP is related to cancer event in patients with T2DM for 10 years. At baseline, 400 Japanese patients with T2DM were classified as hypertensive (HT) or normotensive (NT) based on HBP and CBP. Mean (± SD) duration was 95 ± 35 months. Primary and secondary endpoints were death and cancer, respectively. Differences in outcome between HT and NT were analyzed using survival curves from Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank testing. Associated risk factors were assessed using Cox proportional hazards. On basis of HBP, death and event of cancer were significantly higher in HT than in NT. The leading cause of death was cancer. On basis of CBP, there was no significant difference in the incidence of death and event of cancer between patients with HT and NT at baseline. Associated risk factor for cancer was T2DM. Home morning HT may be reflected more keenly state of cancer than clinic HT, which may be superior to clinic NT. When we meet with such patients, it is important that cancer may be one of many causes for morning HT in Japanese patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals A CASE STUDY ON ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION MANAGING THROUGH AYURVEDA W.S.R. RAKTAGATA VYAN VAISHAMYA

2021 ◽  
Vol p5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2965-2968
Author(s):  
Ruhi Zahir ◽  
Iqbal Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Direct Reference ◽  
Major Risk Factor ◽  
End Stage

Essential hypertension is high blood pressure that doesn't have any known etiopathology. Most of sufferers (85%) are asymptomatic and as per available reports, in more than 95% cases of hypertension under lying cause is not found. It is estimated that 600 million people are affected worldwide. Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Its impact is greatest on stroke, MI and end stage is renal failure as it’s known as a Silent Killer. Hence there is no direct reference of hypertension in Ayurvedic classics by name as well as by its path physiological views. Many works have been carried out on hypertension to evaluate the perfect diagnosis and mode of treatment on the basis of Different nomenclatures also have been adopted by Ayurveda experts like Raktagata Vata, Raktagata Vyana Vaisamya, Uccha Rakta Chapa, Raktavrita Vata, Siragata Vata etc. Keywords: Essential hypertension, Raktagata Vyana Vaisamya, Uccha Rakta Chapa, Cardiovascular diseases, Silent Killer.

CONSECUTIVE BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS AND THE DIFFERENCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE LEVEL ON BOTH ARMS

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. S168-S169
Author(s):  
G. Kochanowska-Kaluza ◽  
K. Knypl ◽  
M. Karasinska ◽  
A. Doboszynska ◽  
J. Kubica
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
The Difference

Decrease in cardiac output and muscle sympathetic activity during vasovagal syncope

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (5) ◽  
pp. H1804-H1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Jardine ◽  
I. C. Melton ◽  
I. G. Crozier ◽  
S. English ◽  
S. I. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Vasovagal Syncope ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Vasovagal Reactions ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Regression Slopes

The importance of cardiac output (CO) to blood pressure level during vasovagal syncope is unknown. We measured thermodilution CO, mean blood pressure (MBP), and leg muscle mean sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) each minute during 60° head-up tilt in 26 patients with recurrent syncope. Eight patients tolerated tilt (TT) for 45 min (mean age 60 ± 5 yr) and 15 patients developed syncope during tilt (TS) (mean age 58 ± 4 yr, mean tilt time 15.4 ± 2 min). In TT patients, CO decreased during the first minute of tilt (from 3.2 ± 0.2 to 2.5 ± 0.3 l · min−1 · m−2, P = 0.001) and thereafter remained stable between 2.5 ± 0.3 ( P = 0.001) and 2.4 ± 0.2 l · min−1 · m−2( P = 0.004) at 5 and 45 min, respectively. In TS patients, CO decreased during the first minute (from 3.3 ± 0.2 to 2.7 ± 0.1 l · min−1 · m−2, P = 0.02) and was stable until 7 min before syncope, falling to 2.0 ± 0.2 at syncope ( P = 0.001). Regression slopes for CO versus time during tilt were −0.01 min−1 in TT versus −0.1 l · min−1 · m−2 · min−1in TS ( P = 0.001). However, MBP was more closely correlated to total peripheral resistance ( R = 0.56, P = 0.001) and MSNA ( R = 0.58, P = 0.001) than CO ( R = 0.32, P = 0.001). In vasovagal reactions, a progressive decline in CO may contribute to hypotension some minutes before syncope occurs.

scholarly journals Facets of negative affectivity and blood pressure in middle-aged men

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel V. Igna ◽  
Juhani Julkunen ◽  
Jari Lipsanen ◽  
Hannu Vanhanen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Vital Exhaustion

Research results suggesting that facets of negative affectivity, <em>i.e. </em>anxiety, anger-hostility, and depression, relate to incident cardiovascular diseases have been steadily increasing. Evidence for depression has been especially extensive. Elevated blood pressure, a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, is one probable mediator in this context. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship of specific key elements of depressive disposition, <em>i.e</em>. depressive symptoms, hopelessness and vital exhaustion, with health behavior and blood pressure. Study sample was comprised of 710 middle-aged men. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing health behavior, depressive symptoms, vital exhaustion and hopelessness. Statistical analyses involved descriptive analyses, correlations and path analysis. Depressive symptoms and vital exhaustion associated with several unfavorable lifestyles such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and inactivity (standardized solution coefficients: 0.10, 0.14, 0.17, accordingly). However, no significant direct associations with blood pressure could be found for depressive symptoms or vital exhaustion. Hopelessness associated only with unhealthy diet (standardized solution coefficient -0.10) Moreover, for hopelessness, results showed a direct but inverse association with systolic blood pressure (standardized solution coefficient -0.08). Results suggest that the previously reported relations of depression and vital exhaustion with blood pressure could be mediated by unfavorable lifestyles. The relation of hopelessness with adverse health behaviors seems to be less significant. Also, the role of hopelessness as a risk factor of elevated blood pressure is not supported by the results of this study.

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