Examining Adopted Conflict Management Approaches On Organizational Development In Machakos Co-Operative Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Peter Elizabeth Nzilani; Wanjugu Wachira; Redempta Kiilu
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Narrative Forms

The purpose of this study was to identify the adopted conflict management approach on organizational development in coffee cooperatives. The research was conducted in Machakos Co-operative Union in the Lower Eastern part of Kenya. Descriptive research survey was used. The target population was drawn from 1500 employees of Machakos Co-operative Union who took part in the study. The sample size was 305 employees drawn from different levels of management selected through cluster sampling technique. Systematic sampling was used to give each individual a chance to be chosen. Data collection was carried out through the use of Semi-structured questionnaire and interview guide. Both qualitative and quantitative technique was used to analyse data. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics through content analysis and findings were analysed and presented quantitatively and qualitatively in frequency tables, graphs pie charts and percentage while qualitative data was analysed using thematic techniques and data presented in narrative forms. From the study, it was established that different conflict management approaches were employed in Machakos Coffee Cooperative, 22% of the respondents reported that accommodation strategy was used and 23% the Collaboration strategy which led to improved productivity in the organization and enhanced inter personal relations while 54% of the respondents indicated that the contending approach which was mostly used influenced conflict management in the organization. The study recommends that organizations need to embrace the strategy in order to maximize productivity and encourage retention of human resource.

Impact of culture differences on performance of international construction joint ventures: the moderating role of conflict management

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2353-2377
Author(s):  
Junying Liu ◽  
Zhipeng Cui ◽  
Yingbin Feng ◽  
Srinath Perera ◽  
Jie Han
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Construction Joint ◽  
Management Approaches

PurposeCultural differences have been frequently cited as a major source of risks for international joint ventures (IJVs). Cultural differences may cause extensive conflicts in technology, norms and emotion among the international joint venture (IJV) partners. The purpose of this study is to explore the interactive effects of national culture differences (NCDs) and conflict management approaches on the performance of international construction joint ventures (ICJV).Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a questionnaire survey method with 143 valid responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsIt was found that ICJV performance declined with a high degree of NCDs. The negative effect of NCDs on ICJV performance was mitigated by adopting the cooperative conflict management approach; while it was aggravated by adopting the competitive conflict management approach. The findings may provide an alternative way (i.e. adopting the cooperative conflict management approach rather than avoiding or competitive approaches) to address the cultural conflicts in the multicultural project management teams.Practical implicationsFirstly, as NCD negatively impacts performance of ICJVs, project managers should pay attention to cultural issues and learn how to manage them; Secondly, as cooperative and competitive conflict management approaches have different moderating effects on the relationship between NCD and ICJV performance, project managers must choose appropriate conflict management styles in multination teams. Thirdly, as the avoiding approach has no significant moderating effect on the negative relationship between NCD and ICJV performance, it is important for Chinese partners not to employ avoiding approach to deal with conflicts in ICJV.Originality/valueThis study uniquely adds to the literature on cultural issues in managing ICJVs by integrating the moderating effects of conflict management approaches. The interactive effects of conflict management approaches and national cultural differences on ICJV project performance may contribute to the theories regarding conflict management theory in the context of cross-cultural management.

scholarly journals The effects of conflict type and conflict expression intensity on conflict management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergana Todorova ◽  
Kenneth Tohchuan Goh ◽  
Laurie R. Weingart
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Expression Intensity ◽  
Relationship Conflicts ◽  
Management Approaches

Purpose This paper aims to add to the current knowledge about conflict management by examining the relationships between conflict type, conflict expression intensity and the use of the conflict management approach. Design/methodology/approach The authors test theory-based hypotheses using a field study of new product development teams in an interdisciplinary Masters program (Study 1) and an experimental vignette study (Study 2). Findings Results show that people are more likely to respond to task conflict and conflicts expressed with less intensity using collectivistic conflict management approaches (i.e. problem-solving, compromising and yielding), and to relationship conflicts and conflicts expressed with higher intensity through forcing, an individualistic conflict management approach. Information acquisition and negative emotions experienced by team members mediate these relationships. Practical implications Knowing how the characteristics of the conflict (type and expression intensity) affect conflict management, managers can counteract the tendency to use dysfunctional, forcing conflict management approaches in response to high intensity conflicts, as well as to relationship conflicts and support the tendency to use collectivistic conflict management approaches in response to low intensity conflict, as well as task conflicts. Originality/value The authors examine an alternative to the prevailing view that conflict management serves as a moderator of the relationship between conflict and team outcomes. The research shows that conflict type and intensity of conflict expression influence the conflict management approach as a result of the information and emotion they evoke. The authors open avenues for future research on the complex and intriguing relationships between conflict characteristics and the conflict management approach.

scholarly journals Influence Of Product Quality And Price Competitiveness On Repeat PATRONAGE SMEs In The North East Of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Umar Mohammed Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Price Competitiveness ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
Food And Beverage

This paper is devoted to determine the influence of products quality and price competitiveness on repeat patronage of goods and beverage exporting SMES in North-East Nigeria. Delta were obtained from 244 entrepreneurs in the North-East region of Nigeria. Cluster sampling method was used to determine the sample size since the target population is heterogeneous. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents for the study. A structured on a 4 point modified IKert scale. The person Product moment correlation was used for data analysis. The findings revealed that there is positive and significant relationship between product quality and repeat patronage of food and beverage exporting SMES in North-East region of Nigeria. The study also found a positive and significant relationship between price competitiveness and repeat patronage of food and beverage exporting SMES in North-East region of Nigeria. From the above findings, it was concluded that product quality and price competitiveness have a positive and significant influence on repeat patronage of food and beverage exporting SMES in Nort-East Nigeria, based on the endings and conclusion, it was recommended that Nigerian SMES particularly those exporting food and beverage products should improve their product quality and price competitiveness as it would enhance repeat patronage among international customers.

Effectiveness of Chinese Teams: The Role of Conflict Types and Conflict Management Approaches

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Tjosvold ◽  
Kenneth S. Law ◽  
Haifa Sun
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Team Effectiveness ◽  
Work Teams ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
And Task ◽  
Conflict Types

Findings based on 186 teams involving 689 employees, working in twelve Chinese state-owned factories in three cities, indicated that a cooperative in contrast to a competitive approach was related to perceived team effectiveness, as measured by both team managers and team members. The role of conflict types for team effectiveness, on the other hand, is ambiguous. Furthermore, conflict management approaches affect team perceptions of relational and task conflict. Results suggest that a cooperative conflict management approach may be equally useful for Chinese work teams, as it is for teams in the Western context.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL PLANNING AND GROWTH OF PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Njiri ◽  
Levi Mbugua ◽  
Kellen Kiambati ◽  
Dominic Mwenja
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Number Of Children

In Kenya, the number of private schools has increased more than four times since the introduction of the Free Primary Education (FPE) policy in 2003. The number of children attending private primary schools increased from 4.6% in 2004 to 11.5% in 2007. With such increment, there has been challenges on the determinants of growth of education institutions. It is against this background that the study examined the influence of physical planning on the growth of private primary schools in Kenya. the study was anchored in the resource dependency view where the managers of institutions have the ability to acquire, Plan and maintain resources that are important to the growth of an organization. The target population in this study comprised of 7,418 private primary schools in all eight regions of Kenya. Cluster sampling technique was employed of 50% of the target regions were sampled, leading to four out of eight regions being selected. From these regions random sampling was then used to select 320 respondents who were either the principals’/Head teachers or deputy principal of the schools. A questionnaire was used to collect data and Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyse data. The study found a strong and significant correlation between physical planning and growth of primary schools. This study therefore recommended that physical planning was an important factor in determining growth of private schools. The study further recommends that owners of private primary schools should be aware of the facilities that are crucial and most important to students in the teaching and learning. This will intern influence the growth of the private primary schools in Kenya.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION INTO THE CHALLENGES FACING PLANNING OF MATHEMATIC PROGRAMME IN SENIOR SECONDARY EDUCATION IN ABUJA, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Ogunode Niyi Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
Senior Secondary

The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges facing the planning of mathematics programme in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive research survey design. The population of the study comprised ninety (90) respondents. Stratified and systematic sampling technique was used to select the sample population. The study employed the used of questionnaire as instrument for data collection. Two lecturers from Educational Administration and planning from University of Abuja was consulted to validate the questionnaire. Three research questions and two hypotheses were developed for the study. Test-retest reliability was employed for the study. Percentage and Chi-square test was used to test the hypotheses and data collected from the study. The result revealed that there are challenges facing the planning of mathematics programme of senior secondary education and the challenges includes; inadequate data/information to plan, inadequate funding of planning of mathematics programme, poor capacity development of few mathematics planners, inadequate professional mathematics planners ,political instability, corruption and lack of political will to support planning of mathematics education. The study concluded that the implication of the challenges on the implementation mathematics education is poor implementation of the mathematics programme in the senior secondary schools. The study recommends that the government should increase the funding of educational planning in the country especially mathematics education.

Examining the Home Factors that Influence Performance in KCSE in Secondary Schools in Mbeere North Sub-County of Embu County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Magdalene Wanjiru Njagi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this study was to identify the home factors that influence performance in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE)  in secondary schools in Mbeere North Sub-county. A survey design was used to conduct this study.  The study was carried out in Mbeere North Sub-county, which is one of the divisions of Mbeere north Sub County. Mbeere North Sub-county has 4 locations. The target population was all private and public secondary schools in Mbeere north Sub County containing an estimated population of 2002 students, 113 teachers and 12 headteachers. Samples from the government schools in Mbeere North Sub-county were selected using stratified sampling technique. Purposive sampling to select the headteachers and teachers was used. The use of systematic sampling was employed; therefore, ten per cent (10%) of the target student population was incorporated in the sample of the population. A pilot study was conducted in one of the secondary schools but not included in the sample. Data was collected on variables such as parents' occupation, parents' commitment to students' learning, among others. Descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency distribution were used in the presentation of the data. There was found to be a positive correlation between various home factors such as absenteeism, miraa farming and parental occupation and academic achievement.  The findings from this study also suggest that students who performed dismally in KCSE examinations also were from homes where parents had low-income occupations (peasants). The study recommended that strict discipline should be instilled in students, while the community is sensitized concerning drug use and abuse.

scholarly journals Related party transactions and financial distress of Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations (SACCOs) in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Susan Jepkorir Mursoi ◽  
Willy Muturi ◽  
James Ndegwa
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Related Party Transactions ◽  
The Government

The widespread failure of DT SACCOs in Kenya is likely to lead to a loss of confidence among the current and potential members of the DT SACCOs in Kenya and eventually threatens to kill the sector. The study examined the effect of related party transactions on financial distress in DT-SACCOs in Kenya; the study adopted the following theories as to the basis of analyzing the collected data; wrecker’s financial distress theories and Agency theory. The target population was 176 Deposit-Taking SACCOs. Secondary data was obtained from SACCOs records as published by SASRA. The study used a systematic sampling technique based on the sampling formula by Taro Yamane (1967) to obtain the appropriate sample size of 68 DT SACCOs. Data were analyzed using STATA computer software. Data collection covered seven (7) year period from 2008 -2014, this period of 7 years was selected for the study because SASRA has enacted in 2010 therefore the justification for the choice of the study period, that is 3 years before and 4 years after SASRA enactment. The study established that related party transactions had a significant effect on financial distress in DT SACCOs in Kenya. The implications of the findings are that if the DT-SACCOs do not manage related party transactions then they will continue experiencing financial distress. The government through SASRA therefore should enact strict regulations in directors borrowing from SACCOs. The study has expounded on the body of knowledge on measures of financial distress in finance by introducing new relationships established. In terms of the contribution of the current study to innovation, the study used panel data analysis while other studies used OLS.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non-communicable diseases among the rural population in Maharashtra: a descriptive study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5259
Author(s):  
Pothiraj Pitchai ◽  
Anulucia Augustine ◽  
Hiloni R. Badani ◽  
Namrataa H. Anarthe ◽  
Aiyshwarya Avasare
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is alarmingly increasing along with a rise in population especially in rural India. The objectives of this study are to find out prevalence as well as awareness of NCDs among the rural populations.Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in six rural area of Panvel Taluka. One –stage cluster sampling technique was used to recruit participants from each cluster. WHO STEPS questionnaire tool (STEP I and II) was used to measure NCDs risk factors. Face validated pre-designed questionnaire was used to assess participant’s awareness, attitude, and behavior towards NCDs. The target population was classified into different age groups and gender. Data were analyzed using SPSS Software and a descriptive statistics were applied.Results: A total of 483 males and 417 females participated in this study. Among males, 34.8% consumed smoked tobacco whereas 21.8% of females consumed smokeless tobacco. Only 9.32% of male participants were reported as current alcohol drinkers. Both the genders did not meet the recommended amount of fruit consumption. Insufficient physical activity amongst males was 45.21% and females 60.49%. Based on BMI categories 19.04% males were overweight and 27.12% obese and in females 23.02% and 21.34% respectively. Risk of high waist circumference and diabetes was demonstrated more by males whereas females subjected to raised blood pressure. Awareness of NCDs among total subjects found as low as 28%.Conclusions: Awareness about NCDs is alarmingly low among the rural population thus corresponding to an increased prevalence of risk factors.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Challenges Facing Planning of Mathematic Programme in Senior Secondary Education in Abuja, Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Ogunode Niyi Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Educational Administration ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
Senior Secondary

The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges facing the planning of mathematics programme in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive research survey design. The population of the study comprised ninety (90) respondents. Stratified and systematic sampling technique was used to select the sample population. The study employed the used of questionnaire as instrument for data collection. Two lecturers from Educational Administration and planning from University of Abuja was consulted to validate the questionnaire. Three research questions and two hypotheses were developed for the study. Test-retest reliability was employed for the study. Percentage and Chi-square test was used to test the hypotheses and data collected from the study. The result revealed that there are challenges facing the planning of mathematics programme of senior secondary education and the challenges includes; inadequate data/information to plan, inadequate funding of planning of mathematics programme, poor capacity development of few mathematics planners, inadequate professional mathematics planners ,political instability, corruption and lack of political will to support planning of mathematics education. The study concluded that the implication of the challenges on the implementation mathematics education is poor implementation of the mathematics programme in the senior secondary schools. The study recommends that the government should increase the funding of educational planning in the country especially mathematics education.

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