Territórios da saúde: memórias para o cuidado cultural

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nádile Juliane Costa de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
National Health ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Basic Care ◽  
Indigenous Territories ◽  
The Village

Sinopse:Trago um conjunto de imagens que representam os territórios de saúde às populações indígenas pela narrativa fotoetnográfica. As imagens apresentam um dos territórios indígenas onde há atuação de equipes multidisciplinares de saúde pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no âmbito do Ministério da Saúde, por meio de um modelo que prioriza a ação dos profissionais e dos programas de saúde no território das aldeias, afirmando as políticas de incentivo a atenção básica. Esse registro foi realizado na aldeia da etnia Anambé do estado do Pará.O objetivo do registro é resgatar memórias e sensibilizar para as singularidades inerentes a esses espaços quando da atuação técnica profissional e dentro das perspectivas da antropologia da saúde. Ao observar as imagens é possível identificar condições sociais e culturais, representadas por casas regionais de madeira, arborização e rios. Na sequência das imagens é possível observar animais livres nos limites do território e os caminhos (rio) percorridos pelos profissionais de saúde para acessar a aldeia.Considerar estes fatos é importante, pois, desde a primeira Conferência Nacional de Saúde aos povos indígenas realizada em 1986, as representações vêm questionando o déficit dos profissionais quanto as habilidades e competências para atuar na área de saúde indígena. Essas assertivas e necessidades visam diminuir as iniquidades em saúde por meio de uma atuação técnica que apresente princípios que resguardem os valores culturais, saberes e o modo de vida desses povos de acordo com cada etnia. sinopsis:I bring a set of images that represent the territories of health to the indigenous populations by the photoetnographic narrative. The images present one of the indigenous territories where multidisciplinary health teams work under the National Health System (SUS) within the scope of the Ministry of Health, through a model that prioritizes the action of professionals and health programs in the territory of the villages, affirming policies to encourage basic care. This record was made in the village of the Anambé ethnic group in the state of Pará.The purpose of the registry is to rescue memories and sensitize the singularities inherent to these spaces when performing professional techniques and within the perspectives of health anthropology. It is possible, by observing the images, to identify social and cultural conditions, represented by regional houses of wood, afforestation and rivers. Following the images it is possible to observe free animals in the limits of the territory and the paths (river) traveled by the health professionals to access the village.It is important to consider these facts because, since the first National Health Conference to indigenous peoples held in 1986, the representations have been questioning the professionals' deficit regarding the abilities and competencies to act in the subject of indigenous health. These assertions and needs aim to reduce inequities in health through a technical action that presents principles that safeguard the cultural values, knowledge and way of life of these peoples according to each ethnic group.Palabras-chave:populações vulneráveis; enfermagem; saúde coletiva; comunidadeKey-words:vulnerable populations; nursing; collective health; communityFicha técnica:Autora:Nádile Juliane Costa de CastroFotografias: Nádile Juliane Costa de CastroDireção, Edição de Imagem e Texto: Nádile Juliane Costa de CastroFicha técnica:Autora:Nádile Juliane Costa de CastroFotografía:Nádile Juliane Costa de CastroDirección:Nádile Juliane Costa de Castro

scholarly journals Edukasi Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Elektronik Untuk Kader Kesehatan Desa Tijayan Manisrenggo Jawa Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
MT Ghozali ◽  
Ingenida Hadning ◽  
Aji Winanta
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Information ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
The Village

ABSTRAKSistem Informasi Kesehatan (SIMKes) merupakan bagian penting dari sistem kesehatan suatu negara. SIMKes adalah bentuk utama Sistem Kesehatan Nasional (SKN) yang digunakan sebagai komponen dalam pembangunan berwawasan kesehatan. Sistem informasi yang tersusun dan terkonsep akan menghasilkan luaran yang baik dan membuat masyarakat tidak buta dengan dunia kesehatan. Teknologi informasi berkembang secara cepat dan berdampak pada semua aspek kehidupan, termasuk informasi kesehatan. Perkembangan teknologi saat ini berperan penting menjadi sebuah media bagi masyarakat milenial atau tenaga kesehatan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai gambaran kesehatan dan persebaran penyakit atau epidemiologi di wilayahnya masing-masing. Program Hibah Kemitraan ini bertujuan untuk melatih para kader kesehatan di setiap Padukuhan di Desa Tijayan Manisrenggo Jawa Tengah bagaimana cara membuat profil kesehatan dan peta persebaran penyakit di desa tersebut dan menyajikannya secara interaktif, edukatif, dan berbasis elektronik. Sasaran utama dalam program ini adalah kader kesehatan masing-masing padukuhan yang terdapat di Desa Tijayan, meliputi Bawangan, Candran, Pogaten, dan Sorobayan. Beberapa program kegiatan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut meliputi pengumpulan data kesehatan yang didapat melalui survey atau sensus dan data yang sudah tersedia di pusat data kesehatan desa, penyuluhan tata cara pembuatan profil kesehatan dan peta persebaran penyakit, dan pelatihan penyajian data informasi kesehatan masyarakat secara interaktif dan edukatif. Program Hibah Kemitraan ini dapat membantu melengkapi profil kesehatan masyarakat dan meningkatkan kualitas SIMKes di desa mitra.Kata kunci: profil kesehatan; sistem informasi kesehatan; sisten kesehatan nasionalABSTRACTHealth Information System (HIS) is an important component of a country's health system. HIS is the main part of the National Health System, which is used as a pillar in health-oriented development. The structured and conceptual information system produces good outcomes and prevents people from the blindness of health matters. Information technology develops rapidly and impacts most of all aspects of life, including health information. Current technological developments play an important role as a media for millennial people or health professionals to get information about health information and epidemiology in their own region. This program aimed to train health cadres in each region of the Tijayan Manisrenggo Village, Klaten, Central Java, in addition to creating an electronic health profile and epidemiology map of the village and then presenting the profile interactively and educatively. The main targets of this program were health cadres in each region of the Tijayan Village, including Bawangan, Candran, Pogaten, and Sorobayan. Some main activities to achieve the objectives included collecting health data obtained through surveys or censuses and data already available in the health data center of the village, counseling procedures for creating an electronic health profile and epidemiology map, as well as training in the interactive and educative presentation of public health information data. This program helped complete the health profile and increase the quality of health information system in the partner villages.Keywords: health information system; health profile; national health system

scholarly journals O cuidar da saúde para a mulher indígena haliti-paresí

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Baggio ◽  
Vagner Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças ◽  
Thalise Yuri Hattori ◽  
Marina Atanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Biomedical Knowledge ◽  
Las Mujeres

RESUMOObjetivo: verificar como as mulheres indígenas definem e promovem saúde. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, com 12 mulheres indígenas Haliti-Paresí. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Temática, fundamentada na Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural. Resultados: identificou-se que as indígenas definem saúde como algo primordial que dá sentido ao viver e que vai além da dimensão biológica. Além disso, há uma articulação entre os saberes populares e biomédicos, com preferência aos saberes indígenas aplicados no interior da comunidade. Elas reconhecem que hábitos não saudáveis estão presentes no cotidiano indígena e demonstram preocupação buscando meios para promover a saúde da família. Conclusão: os valores culturais necessitam ser integrados à assistência para melhoria da saúde indígena, em uma perspectiva de construção de um novo paradigma para abordagem do processo saúde-doença. Descritores: Saúde da Mulher; Saúde de Populações Indígenas; Processo Saúde-Doença; Enfermagem Transcultural.ABSTRACTObjective: to verify how indigenous women define and promote health. Method: qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study with 12 Haliti-Paresí indigenous women. Data were produced through semi-structured interviews. The thematic Content Analysis technique was used to analyze the data, based on the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care. Results: it was found that the natives define health as something primordial that gives meaning to life and goes beyond the biological dimension. In addition, there is a link between popular and biomedical knowledge, with a preference for indigenous knowledge applied within the community. They recognize that unhealthy habits are present in their daily life and show concern and seek ways to promote family health. Conclusion: cultural values need to be integrated into the assistance to improve indigenous health, from the perspective of building a new paradigm to approach the health-disease process. Descriptors:  Women's Health; Health of Indigenous Populations; Health-Disease Process; Cross-Cultural Nursing.RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar como las mujeres indígenas definen y promueven la salud. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, con 12 mujeres indígenas Haliti-Paresí. Los datos fueron producidos a partir de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Para análisis de los datos, se utilizó la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en la modalidad Análisis Temático, fundamentada en la Teoría de la Diversidad y Universalidad del Cuidado Cultural. Resultados: se identificó que las indígenas definen la salud como algo primordial que da sentido al vivir y que va más allá de la dimensión biológica. Además, hay una articulación entre los saberes populares y biomédicos, con preferencia a los saberes indígenas aplicados en el interior de la comunidad. Ellas reconocen que hábitos no saudables están presentes en el cotidiano indígena y demuestran preocupación buscando medios para promover la salud de la familia. Conclusión: los valores culturales necesitan ser integrados a la asistencia para mejorar la salud indígena, en una perspectiva de construcción de un nuevo paradigma para enfoque del proceso salud-enfermedad. Descriptores: Salud de la Mujer; Salud de las Poblaciones Indígenas; Proceso Salud-Enfermedad; Enfermería Transcultural.

An automated model for forecasting non-elective hospital bed demand in the entire English National Health System: retrospective process assessment study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanan Shah ◽  
Akarsh Sharma ◽  
Chris Moulton ◽  
Simon Swift ◽  
Clifford Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Bed Occupancy ◽  
Median Error ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
Forecasting Techniques

BACKGROUND From 2006/2007 to 2017/2018, there was a 26% increase in emergency department (ED) attendances and 32% increase in total admissions in the National Health Service in England (NHS). Growing demand puts severe strain on hospitals, resulting in bed, nursing, clinical and equipment shortages. Nevertheless, scheduling issues can still result in significant under-utilization of beds. It is imperative to optimize the allocation of existing healthcare resources, including hospital beds. More accurate and reliable long-term hospital bed occupancy rate prediction would help managers plan ahead for their population’s hospital requirements, ultimately resulting in greater efficiencies and better patient care. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare widely used automated time series forecasting techniques to predict short-term daily non-elective bed occupancy at all trusts in the NHS. METHODS Bed occupancy models that accounted for patterns in occupancy were created for each trust in the NHS. Daily non-elective midnight trust occupancy data from April 2011 to March 2017 for 121 NHS trusts were utilized to generate these models. Forecasts were generated using the three most widely used automated forecasting techniques: Exponential Smoothing (ES); Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA); Trigonometric, Box-Cox transform, ARMA errors, Trend and Seasonal components (TBATS). The NHS Modernization Agency’s recommended forecasting method prior to 2020, was also replicated. A comparative analysis of forecast accuracy was conducted by comparing forecasted daily non-elective occupancy with actual non-elective occupancy in the out-of-sample dataset for each week forecasted. Percentage root mean squared error (RMSE) was reported. RESULTS The accuracy of the models varied based on the season during which occupancy was forecasted. For the summer season, percent RMSE values for each model remained relatively stable across six forecasted weeks. However, only the TBATS model (median error 2.45% for six weeks) outperformed the NHS Modernization Agency’s recommended method (median error 2.63% for six weeks). In contrast, during the winter season, percent RMSE values increased as we forecasted further into the future. ES generated the most accurate forecasts (median error 4.91% over four weeks), but all models outperformed the NHS Modernization Agency’s recommended method prior to 2020 (median 8.5% error over four weeks). CONCLUSIONS It is possible to create automated models, similar to those recently published by the NHS, that can be used at a hospital level for a large, national healthcare system in order to predict non-elective bed admissions and thus schedule elective procedures. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

scholarly journals Cardiovascular diseases burden in Italy, 1990–2017: the Global Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Fornari ◽  
P A Cortesi ◽  
F Madotto ◽  
S Conti ◽  
G Crotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
National Health ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading cause of mortality, morbidity and disability in Europe. Consequently, an exhaustive estimation of CVDs burden and cardiovascular risk factors impact is crucial for healthcare planning and resource allocation. In Italy, data on CVDs burden are sparse. This study aims to assess the global Italian CVDs burden and to analyze time changes from 1990 to 2017 within the country and in comparison to other European states. Methods We used data from the 2017 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study to estimate CVDs prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Italy from 1990 to 2017. We also analyzed burden attributable to CVDs-related risk factors. Finally, Italian estimations were compared to those of the other 28 European Union countries. Results CVDs were still the first cause of death (34.8% of total mortality) in Italy in 2017. A significant decrease in CVDs burden was observed since 1990: age-standardized prevalence (-12.7%), mortality rate (-53.75%), and DALYs rate (-55.54%) all decreased. Similar patterns were observed also in the majority of European countries. Despite these trends, all-ages CVDs prevalent cases increased from 5.75 million to 7.49 million. More than 80% of CVDs burden could be attributed to known modifiable risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high LDL cholesterol, and impaired kidney function. Conclusions Data showed a decline in cardiovascular mortality and DALYs, which reflects the success in terms of reducing disability, premature death and early incidence of CVDs. However, the burden of CVDs is still high, as population aging and the increased prevalent cases require more access to care and generate more years lived with disability, which in turn leads to higher costs for the National Health Service and society. More efficient prevention strategies at community and individual level are needed. Key messages Despite decreasing trends in CVDs mortality and DALYs, the burden of CVDs is still high in Italy. A joined approach of the National Health System stakeholders is needed to keep reducing the CVDs burden.

scholarly journals Overview: The international group for indigenous health measurement and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michele Connolly ◽  
Kalinda Griffiths ◽  
John Waldon ◽  
Malcolm King ◽  
Alexandra King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Country Group ◽  
International Group ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The International Group for Indigenous Health Measurement (IGIHM) is a 4-country group established to promote improvements in the collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of Indigenous health data, including the impact of COVID-19. This overview provides data on cases and deaths for the total population as well as the Indigenous populations of each country. Brief summaries of the impact are provided for Canada and New Zealand. The Overview is followed by. separate articles with more detailed discussion of the COVID-19 experience in Australia and the US.

scholarly journals What do you mean by engagement? – evaluating the use of community engagement in the design and implementation of chronic disease-based interventions for Indigenous populations – scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahr Wali ◽  
Stefan Superina ◽  
Angela Mashford-Pringle ◽  
Heather Ross ◽  
Joseph A. Cafazzo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Engagement Strategies

Abstract Background Indigenous populations have remained strong and resilient in maintaining their unique culture and values, despite centuries of colonial oppression. Unfortunately, a consequential result of facing years of adversity has led Indigenous populations to experience a disproportionate level of poorer health outcomes compared to non-Indigenous populations. Specifically, the rate of Indigenous chronic disease prevalence has significantly increased in the last decade. Many of the unique issues Indigenous populations experience are deeply rooted in their colonial history and the intergenerational traumas that has subsequently impacted their physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being. With this, to better improve Indigenous health outcomes, understanding the local context of their challenges is key. Studies have begun to use modes of community engagement to initiate Indigenous partnerships and design chronic disease-based interventions. However, with the lack of a methodological guideline regarding the appropriate level of community engagement to be used, there is concern that many interventions will continue to fall short in meeting community needs. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the how various community engagement strategies have been used to design and/or implement interventions for Indigenous populations with chronic disease. Methods A scoping review guided by the methods outlined by Arksey and O’Malley was conducted. A comprehensive search was completed by two reviewers in five electronic databases using keywords related to community engagement, Indigenous health and chronic disease. Studies were reviewed using a descriptive-analytical narrative method and data was categorized into thematic groups reflective of the main findings. Results We identified 23 articles that met the criteria for this scoping review. The majority of the studies included the use a participatory research model and the procurement of study approval. However, despite the claimed use of participatory research methods, only 6 studies had involved community members to identify the area of priority and only five had utilized Indigenous interview styles to promote meaningful feedback. Adapting for the local cultural context and the inclusion of community outreach were identified as the key themes from this review. Conclusion Many studies have begun to adopt community engagement strategies to better meet the needs of Indigenous Peoples. With the lack of a clear guideline to approach Indigenous-based participatory research, we recommend that researchers focus on 1) building partnerships, 2) obtaining study approval and 3) adapting interventions to the local context.

Experience in applying the effectiveness audit methodology in order to save budget funds for the purchase of medicines in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
S. S. Budarin ◽  
N. V. Yurgel
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
National Audit ◽  
Drug Pricing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

The article examines the experience of the national audit office of the United Kingdom in conducting an audit of the effectiveness of budget funds aimed at providing medicines to English citizens. The reasons for the sharp increase in budget expenditures for providing the population with reproduced medicines in 2017—2018 are described in detail.The article analyzes the shortcomings of the system of regulation of drug pricing procedures and the resulting risks to the budget of the national health system in United Kingdom.It is concluded that the effectiveness audit has allowed us to identify not only the reasons for significant overspending of the NHS budget to provide the population with medicines, but also to assess the actions of organizations authorized by the UK Government to address issues of regulation of the pharmaceutical market.

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