ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION HAZARDS OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCE IN ABEOKUTA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN STATE, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
S A ISHOLA ◽  
V MAKINDE ◽  
I C OKEYODE ◽  
F G AKINBORO ◽  
H AYEDUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

Pollution of wells and borehole water, either from point or non-point sources, has become a matter of health concern both in urban and rural areas. Groundwater is tapped for domestic uses through the con-struction of hand dug wells and boreholes. However, while providing an alternative to the public water supply sources; most of the boreholes are often located too close to possible contamination sources. Various land use and human activities such as solid waste landfills, cemetery and animal wastes, among others can result in ground water contamination. In an open or buried dumping solid waste or sanitary landfill, the organic and inorganic by-products resulting from the decomposition of wastes are leached out by the infiltration of rainfall. A release of leachate to the surrounding soil without proper collection and treatment could contaminate groundwater resources. Many of the wells and boreholes in the study area were found to be indiscriminately located and scattered among such impairing lands/features. This study was therefore aimed at assessing the pollution hazards and vulnerability of groundwater resource in Abe-okuta North Local Government Area (LGA) by sampling some boreholes from selected locations in the area. Water samples were collected and analyzed for water quality parameters using standard proce-dures. The parameters determined were Turbidity, Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Solids (TS), Total hardness, cations {Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), iron (Fe)}, anions {Chloride (Cl-), Nitrate (NO3-), Sulphate (SO42-), Phosphate (PO43-)}, and heavy metals {lead (Pb2+), Zinc (Zn2+), Copper (Cu2+)}. Results were subjected to statistical evaluations using SPSS 18.0 for descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was observed that the elemental parameters in the bore-holes sampled have mean values of the concentrations of Fe2+, Na+, Cl- , SO42-, Pb2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ higher during the wet season relative to dry season. For the physico-chemical parameters, it was equally observed that parameters such as EC, TDS, TS, TSS were higher during the wet season than dry season while turbidity, temperature, pH and total hardness were higher during dry season than in the wet season. Water quality parameters such as Fe2+, Pb2+, NO3-, and EC have mean values greater than World Health Organization and NESREA maximum permissible standards for drinking water. Elevated values of these parameters are of great concern to public health when the water from these boreholes is consumed without treatment by people. It is recommended that well and borehole waters in this area be adequately treated before consumption using advanced inorganic removal techniques such as Nano-filtration and Reverse Osmosis to safeguard human health in the study area.Keywords: Boreholes, pollution, water quality, public health, physico-chemical

scholarly journals Seasonal variation and characterization of effluents of fertilizer factory

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K Fatima ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The study was carried out to assess the water quality of the Jamuna river affected by effluents discharged from the nearby Jamuna Fertilizer Company Limited and its temporal change over wet and dry seasons due to change of the physico-chemical parameters. Effluents of the factories and water samples were collected from four different selected stations during the period of June to August 2014 and January to March 2015.The results further revealed that the water samples showed a remarkable variation in physico-chemical parameters during the wet and dry season. In wet season the mean value of temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and chloride were28.63± 3.79 °C, 8.10± 0.85, 664.41± 599.54µscm-1, 370.91± 111.38 ppm, 74.49± 25.90 ppm, 6.11 ± 1.28 ppm, 75.39 ± 140.86 ppm 296.74± 303.03 ppm, 12.31±21.38 ppm,  15.19±24.49 ppm and 15.23±8.72 ppm, respectively In the dry season the mean value of temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and chloride were31.69 ±3.18°C, 8.44± 0.66, 786.25±551.18µscm1, 338.37± 94.70 ppm, 72.08± 58.83 ppm, 5.45 ± 0.95 ppm, 86.93 ± 159.82 ppm, 347.91± 291.60 ppm, 13.68±23.1 ppm, 18.34± 24.92 ppm and 18.3±9.32 ppm, respectively. The comparative study showed that most of the effluent and water quality parameters were higher in dry season than those of the wet season because in dry season less quantity of water remains in the river and in wet season more water remains in river that has great dilution capacity. For existence and conservation of aquatic resources, it is essential to investigate the water quality and surrounding environment of the river.Progressive Agriculture 26 (2): 136-146, 2015

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality Index of Groundwater Resources in Iwo Local Government Area, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-00
Author(s):  
Y. O. Adetona ◽  
K. T. Oladepo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Mean Values

This study assessed the groundwater quality of 30 selected wells and boreholes in Iwo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. Groundwater sources were randomly stratified and identified according to the 15 political wards using hand-held GPS equipment. The sources were sampled during the rainy season (October) and dry season (January) to determine water quality. The physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the water samples such as temperature, turbidity, total suspended solids, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, lead, manganese, cadmium, chromium, and total coliform were determined using standard methods. The results showed that total hardness, calcium, cadmium, sulphate, and phosphate had mean values above the acceptable values for rainy and dry seasons; their mean values in mg/l for the rainy season were 252.933, 98.267, 0.018, 305.119, and 1.762, respectively, while their values for the dry season were 299.633, 115.831, 0.020, 285.695 and 1.705, respectively. The Water Quality Index (WQI) values showed that 30% of the selected groundwater sources were fit for consumption while 60% were poor and 10% were unfit for drinking during the rainy season. During the dry season, 50% of the groundwater sources were fit for consumption, 40% were poor, and 10% were unfit for consumption.

scholarly journals Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of the Buriganga River

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASM Saifullah ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
S Roy ◽  
MS Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Buriganga River

This study deals with the investigation of water quality of the Buriganga river, Dhaka. For this purpose, samples were collected from five locations of the Buriganga river of Bangladesh during wet (monsoon) and dry (winter) season in 2011 to determine the spatial distribution and temporal variation of various water quality parameters. Water samples were collected from three different depths of river. The color was light brown in wet season and slightly black to black color in dry season. The water was found slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (6.6-7.5). Water temperature ranged from 18.2°C (dry) to 27.04°C (wet). The river was found to be highly turbid both in dry and wet season. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Electric Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were found higher in the dry season compared to that of wet season, while Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was found higher in wet season. The mean values of parameters were EC: wet- 1685 ?s/cm, dry-2250 ?s/cm; DO: wet- 4.9 mg/L, dry-3.7 mg/L; BOD: wet- 26.4 mg/L, dry- 33.4 mg/L; TDS: wet-238 mg/L, dry- 579 mg/L; transparency: wet- 24.6 cm, dry- 22.8 cm.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14600 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 47-52 2012

scholarly journals Monitoring Water Quality Parameters of Khirisan River in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Yaser Ibrahim Jasem ◽  
Qassem H. Jalut ◽  
Salah N. Farhan ◽  
Muataz H. Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Feeding Area

In this work, a set of physical, chemical and biological parameters were analysed for Khirisan river from the period extending from December 2017up to November 2018. The samples were selected from three different sites, agricultural, commercial and residential area to assess the water quality of the river for drinking and irrigation purposes. The study showed that a number of diversity factors were recognized which have a direct effect on the quality of Khirisan river. This includes the catchment feeding area of the river, untreated domestic sewage from the restaurants, cafeterias and government buildings which are adjacent to the river. Water quality of Khirisan river, according to the Iraqi and international standards, satisfies the limits of the rules of the drinking purposes for all studied parameters except the values of calcium ions and total hardness value for some rainy months as well as to organic load. The mean values of BOD5 and COD for the three sites were 7.7 and 36 mg/l. In terms of irrigation purposes, the water quality of the river can be considered low to medium damage in terms of salinity and sodium hazards. In terms of chloride risk, there are no toxicity problems to the roots and leaves of the plants. Therefore, it requires a continual intensive water quality monitoring program to reduce its impact.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metal and physico-chemical pollution loadings of River Benue water at Makurdi using water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Terungwa Iwar ◽  
Joseph Terlumun Utsev ◽  
Martina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Physico Chemical

AbstractIn this work, the quality of River Benue water at Makurdi was assessed for its heavy metal load alongside seven other physico-chemical parameters using water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistical tools. A total of 45 samples from three (3) different points along the River course were collected for five months (October 2018–May, 2019) spanning the dry and wet seasons. Samples were analysed  in accordance with standard methods. Most of the parameters evaluated were found to fall in the allowable limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) among others, except for colour, turbidity, total suspended solids, nickel, lead and cadmium. WQI analysis using the BISWQI, OWQI and CCMEWQI indicated that all indexing methods were suitable for estimating the WQI of River Benue as they all showed that the water corresponded to the classification as “poor water”. Heavy metal index of the river ranged from13.40–6080.00 and from 47.07–7240.00 for the dry and wet seasons, respectively, and was majorly influenced by high cadmium and lead pollution levels. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three rotated factor with respective communality levels for both the dry and wet seasons. Factor 1 was positively loaded with nine parameters which accounted for 32.3% of the total variance during the dry season, while it was positively loaded with 10 parameters in the wet season accounting for 25.9% of total variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that the river was zoned into four clusters each for both dry and wet seasons. Sampling points 2 and 3 were the most polluted during the dry season, while sampling point 1 was found to be the most polluted in the wet season. It was concluded that the increasing and diverse nature of anthropogenic activities on the river course was responsible for the deteriorating quality of the water. The study recommended continuous pollution monitoring and local regulations to reduce the entrance of both diffuse and point source pollution into the river.

scholarly journals Hydrochemistry and Water Quality Indices of River Ose Water, Southern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel O. Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Water Quality Indices ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems

Background Objective: River Ose has flowing water throughout the year that can serve for irrigation and domestic purposes. This study examined the hydrochemistry, water quality indices and coliform counts of River Ose Water, Nigeria with a view to ascertain its suitability for drinking and irrigation.Materials and Method: For this purpose, 15 water samples were collected along the flowing river channel and subjected to physico-chemical and e-coli determination using standard methods. Water quality index (WQI) and Irrigation parameters (Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Percentage sodium (%Na), Residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), Kelly’s ratio (KR), Permeability index (PI) and Magnesium absorption ratio (MAR)) were calculated from the chemical data obtained from the analyses.Results: Results of the analyses revealed that pH (9.7 pH of the water samples were of alkaline nature with all the water samples exceeding approved standard for drinking water. Drinking alkaline water may deactivate pepsin but it could lead to gastrointestinal problems and metabolic alkalosis. Electrical conductivity (µS/cm), Total dissolved solids (mg/L) as well as Total hardness of all analyzed water samples fell in the category of fresh water. HCO3- and Cl- were the dominant anions while Na+ and K+ constitute the dominant cations in the water chemistry. The abundance of major ions revealed Na+> K+ >Mg2+>Ca2+ and HCO3->Cl->SO42->NO3- trend. The dominant hydrogeochemical facies was mixed Ca2+-Na+-HCO3- (93%) with few mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl- (7%) while calculated WQI was 89.44. All samples tested positive to e-coli count ranging from 1.71*101 – 8.100*103.Conclusion: The analyzed physico-chemical parameters in all River Ose water samples were well within approved desirable limits except for the pH. However, the water was not potable as all samples tested positive to e-coli counts. In addition, WQI calculation revealed that the water has very poor drinking quality. Sources of ions in the River were predominantly from rainfall and minor weathering from the bedrocks. Irrigation quality parameters (SAR, %Na, RSBC and KR) indicated that River Ose water was good for irrigation. However, applying the water on salt sensitive plants is not advisable as irrigation evaluation employing PI and MAR showed that the water was not suitable for irrigation.

scholarly journals Benthic macroinvertebrates diversity as bioindicators of water quality of Nasarawa Reservoir Katsina State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 449-456
Author(s):  
Zahraddeen Hassan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Invertebrate Population ◽  
Number Of Individuals

This study was carried out to assess the water quality of Nasarawa using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators. Biological monitoring working party (BMWP) scoring system was the index used to assess the ecosystem health of Nasarawa reservoir. A total of 4460 macrobenthic invertebrate comprising three phyla, three classes, six families and seventeen species were recorded. The overall macrobenthic population at the different stations revealed that the study area was dominated by Mollusca (41.18%), Oligochaetae (23.53%), Coleoptera and Diptera (11.77%), Mollusca (29.06%), Ephemerophtera and Odonata (5.89%). (BMWP) score of 65.7 was obtained for Nasarawa reservoir which classifies the reservoir as moderately polluted. Higher BMWP score of 65.7 was recorded in the wet season compared to the dry season value of 58.7. More macrobenthic invertebrate population was recorded in the dry season than in the wet season in Nasarawa reservoir. Simpson (1-D), Shannon (H) and evenness were higher during the dry season than in the wet season but dominance was higher in the wet season. Species richness as revealed by the Margaleff and Menhinick index was higher during the wet season than in the dry season. The variations in taxa and number of individuals during the months of sampling was not significantly different (P>0.05). It was found that agricultural activities, washing and bathing could alter physico-chemical parameters of the stream and hence changing the abundance of macroinvertebrates as well as the quality of water. This study, therefore, recommends that the source of pollutants should be controlled and the stream regularly monitored by the relevant authorities. Keywords: Benthic macroinvertebrates, Bioindicator, Water quality, Reservoir

scholarly journals Status of Water Quality in the Tista River at Kaunia Point and its Impact on Aquatic Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MJ Islam ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
NT Meghla
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

The study was conducted to investigate the surface water quality of the Tista River at Kaunia point in wet (September to November) and dry season (December to February) during the period from September 2013 to February 2014. The water samples were collected from five different sampling stations of Tista River mentioned as Station 1 (St-1), 2 (St-2), 3 (St-3), 4 (St-4) and 5 (St-5). The analysis of the study showed that the average transparency was 13.28 and 32.31 cm in wet and dry season, respectively, while the temperature was observed 25.86 and 18.18?C in wet and dry season, respectively. The observed electrical conductivity (EC) was 84 and 145.67 ?s cm-1, pH was 7.72 and 8.03, dissolve oxygen (DO) was 5.35 and 5.37 mg l-1, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 1.64 and 1.89 mg l-1 in wet and dry season, respectively. In wet season, the total dissolved solid (TDS) was measured 53.2 mg l-1, while 73.86 mg l-1 in dry season. The alkalinity was found 40.94 and 43.4 mg l-1 in wet and dry season, whereas, the hardness was found 98.47 and 102.46 mg l-1 in the following seasons. The study showed that most of the water quality parameters of the Tista River were suitable for aquatic organisms as well as fishes. However, the agricultural runoff and waste materials generated from anthropogenic sources could be the main causes of degradation of water quality and aquatic organisms.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 29-33 2015

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality and Sources of Pollution in Downstream of Ukai, Tapi River (Gujarat)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Dubey ◽  
N Ujjania
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Physico Chemical

In the present paper an attempt has been made to study of physico-chemical parameters of downstream in Ukai, Tapi River (Gujarat). For this study the water samples were collected at monthly interval during December 2012 to November 2013 and important water quality parameters were analyzed. Study revealed that temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate-n, total hardness, fluoride, chloride, total alkalinity and sodium were within the permissible limits whereas turbidity, biological oxygen demand, nitrite-n ammonia, phosphate and potassium were beyond the permissible limits of state, national and international authorities like GPCB, CPCB WHO and USEPA. These result depicted that water body was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of downstream.

scholarly journals A study on limnological aspects of Ramsagar lake in Dinajpur district

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Z Ferdoushi ◽  
RH Chowdhury ◽  
K Fatema ◽  
A Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Aquatic Flora

Limnological aspects of the Ramsagar lake, a manmade lake of Dinajpur district was studied from January 2013 to August 2013. In this experiment, five sampling points inside the Ramsagar lake were selected and water quality parameters were analyzed fortnightly. Among different physico-chemical parameters, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, total hardness, phosphate-phosphorus and concentration of Chlorophyll-a did not differ significantly except the water level and pH. A total of 29 species of plankton were recorded where phytoplankton comprised of 21 species and zooplankton comprised of 8 species. Chlorophyceae was found dominant throughout the study period followed by Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae. The highest plankton cell density was observed in the month of July and lowest plankton density was observed during the month of January. The study revealed that on the basis of physical, chemical, biological and environmental conditions the water of the lake was found to be suitable for survival of aquatic flora and fauna and also suitable for fish culture.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 145-152, June 2015

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