scholarly journals Influence of biological products on the parameters of the root system of wood cuttings of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
Olga Ladyzhenskaya ◽  
Tatiana Aniskina ◽  
Vitaly Donskikh
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Root System ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
System Volume

Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) is one of the most widespread berry crops in Russia. The need for planting material of black currant is increasing every year, because the area for laying industrial plantations is increasing. The purpose of our research is to assess the effect of combinations of biological products on the rooting rate of cuttings and on the parameters of the root system of black currant. The objects of research are black currant varieties - Dar Smolyaninova, Sevchanka, Yadrenaya. In the research, there are two combinations of biological products: based on Trichoderma viride + water and the combined use Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The experiment was carried out in 2021 in the Moscow region. We found that there is no reliable effect of the products on the increase of the root system volume and the roots length. The coefficients of variation for the studied varieties of the root system volume and along the length are very high, that does not make the planting material leveled according to these indicators. Keywords: BLACK CURRANT, RIBES NIGRUM, CUTTINGS, REPRODUCTION, ROOTING, BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS, TRICHODERMA VIRIDE, PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS

NEW VARIETIES OF CURRANTS AND GOOSEBERRY BREEDING PLANTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Kurashev ◽  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
А. Yu. Bakhotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Red Currant

The main goal of the scientific institution was and remains to improve the assortment of fruit and berry crops for the development of domestic horticulture. Black currant breeding at VNIISPK was started by A.F Tamarova and continued by the doctor of agricultural Sciences T.P.Ogoltsova and doctor of agricultural Sciences S.D. Knyazev. A long-term breeding program has been developed. The main goals of the program are to create black currant cultivars with continuous resistance to diseases, first of all powdery mildew, as wells resistance to pests, i.e. bud mite. As a result of the long-term work, over 40 black currant cultivars have been developed, 14 of them are zoned. Red currant breeding was led by the candidate of agricultural Sciences L.V. Bayanova; since 2001 the work has been continued by the candidate of agricultural Sciences O.D. Golyaeva. ‘Heinemanns Rote Spӓtlese’, the descendant of R. multiflorum Kit., was involved in the red currant breeding for the first time in Russia. On its genetic basis, a series of late maturing cultivars with long and dense racemes was created. At the Institute, in total 21cultivars of red currants have been developed, 13 of them are zoned. At present, red currant cultivars make up 25.5% of the zoned assortment in Russia. The first research on gooseberries was stated by V.P. Semakin and A.F Tamarova; since 1992 the systematic gooseberry breeding has been carried out by the candidate of agricultural Sciences O.V. Kurashev. On the basis of Grossularia robusta, we have created gooseberry forms that are resistant to powdery mildew and leaf spots. These forms are highly productive, weakly thorned, having bush habit suitable for mechanized harvest. The result of breeding activities was the transfer of 6 gooseberry cultivars to State agricultural testing: ‘Solnechny Zaychik’, ‘Nekrasovsky’, ‘Yupiter’, ‘Zemlianichny’, ‘Moryachok’ and ‘Discovery’.

Fungus Spaeropsis Malorum peck. One of the currant stalk drying agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
S. E. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Red Currant

The article highlights the results of research carried out in 2019-2020 to study the reasons for the drying out of the stems of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.), red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) and golden currant (Ribes aureum L.). As a result of research, the fungus Sphaeropsis malorum Peck. in the first in Russia it was revealed from the drying stems of three types of black currants, red currants and golden currants. This  pathogen inhabited currant stems together with fungi from the genus Cytospora spp., causative agents of stem drying. On red currants, it was established that S. malorum was the main causative agent of branch drying, as indicated by the high frequency of occurrence (75.0-83.3 %) of this fungus on the affected stems, compared with species from the genus Cytospora spp. (16.7-33.3 %) and Phomopsis ribesia (25.0 %). Due to the fact that the cultivation of currants in the immediate vicinity of apple and pear trees leads to infection of plants with the fungus S. malorum, it is necessary to avoid planting currants in the vicinity of fruit-bearing seed gardens.

Methodological foundations of plant protection from dangerous pests in nurseries of fruit and berry crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
A. S. Zeynalov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
Quality Category ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures

In the production of planting material, it is important to choose a healthy, highly productive source material, with typical varietal characteristics, and, if necessary, their disinfection), as well as reliable protection against dangerous pests at further stages of cultivation. This requires a scientifically based methodological approach and phytosanitary measures in several areas. First of all, it is required to study and classify in detail hazardous pests and pathogens, select methods for accounting and identifying in accordance with their degree of danger and the quality category of planting material. Apply comprehensive measures to prevent the entry of pests in the territory of growing planting material and timely eliminate the centers of potential threat.

Anthocyanin-rich black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) extract affords chemoprevention against diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1035-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Bishayee ◽  
Thomas Mbimba ◽  
Roslin J. Thoppil ◽  
Erzsébet Háznagy-Radnai ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis

scholarly journals Chemical and sensorial characteristics of fruit spirits produced from different black currant (Ribes nigrum l.) and red currant (Ribes rubrum l.) cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todor Vulić ◽  
Ninoslav Nikićević ◽  
Ljubiša Stanković ◽  
Milovan Veličković ◽  
Marina Todosijević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Fruit Spirits ◽  
Red Currant

Chemical characteristics of fruit spirits produced from three black currant cultivars (Malling Juel, Ometa, Ben Sarek) and two red currant cultivars (Rondom and Versailles) grown in Serbia were examined using gas chromatography. In addition, sensory evaluation of the spirit samples was performed using the Buxbaum model of positive rating. Fruit spirits produced from black currant cultivars displayed the highest contents of methanol (267.2 - 595.0 g/hl A. A) and amyl alcohols (74.2 - 204.8 g/hl A. A). Total sensory scores of currant brandies ranged between 17.60 and 18.40, while currant brandy produced from Ben Sarek black currant cultivar received the highest score (18.40). All tested samples of currant brandies fulfilled EU requirements as regards their content of methanol and other components such as acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate and high alcohols. The currant distillates were compared with other commercial spirits, including plum and grape brandies.

scholarly journals BROWN-HARLEQUIN BUG (Halyomorpha halys Stål.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
N. Skrypnyk
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
The Status ◽  
Methods Analytical ◽  
The Eu

Goal. To identify the main ways of getting into the country of invasive species brown marble bug Halyomorpha halys Stål. Methods. Analytical study of information messages to the European and Mediterranean organization of plant protection (of ESR) and data of phytosanitary services of the EU, literary and Internet resources. Results. Provides information on new economically important species Halyomorpha halys Stål., which is rapidly spreading in Europe. In Ukraine, the marble bug has the status of a quarantine, but there is a risk of further spread. His first appearance on the territory of our country has registered in 2018 Threat of invasive species, a polyphage, which causes significant damage to agricultural, forest and decorative cultures. Pest can cause damage to fruit, berry crops, vineyards, beans, soy, corn, and weeds. The list of host plants includes over 300 species of plants from 49 families, however, the preference for Halyomorpha halys gives the members of the family Rosacea. Danger of falling of the pest in Ukraine of the European countries of planting material, plant products, wood packaging materials, Luggage etc. The absence of natural enemies promotes the active dispersal of the pest. The focus should be directed on the study of natural brown marble bug. The rapid spread of Halyomorpha halys in the EU countries is of great concern to scientists. The experience of foreign scientists shows that effectively regulates its abundance parasitoid Trissolcus japonicas (Ashmead) and entomoparasitic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Conclusions. There is an active resettlement of the pest in Europe. There is a risk of introduction and spread of the species Halyomorpha halys Stål, is a threat to the country.

Hypotensive, cardiodepressant, and vasorelaxant activities of black currant (Ribes nigrum ‘Ben Sarek’) juice

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1102-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Branković ◽  
Bojana Miladinović ◽  
Mirjana Radenković ◽  
Marija Gočmanac Ignjatović ◽  
Milica Kostić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Dose Dependent Decrease ◽  
Dose Dependent

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of black currant (Ribes nigrum L. ‘Ben Sarek’) juice on the blood pressure and frequency of cardiac contractions, as well as vasomotor responses of rat aortic rings. Arterial blood pressure was measured directly from the carotid artery in the anaesthetized rabbits. The aortic rings were pre-contracted with KCl (80 mmol·L−1), after which black currant juice was added. An intravenous injection of black currant juice (0.33–166.5 mg·kg−1) induced a significant and dose-dependent decrease of rabbit arterial blood pressure and heart rate. The black currant juice decreased arterial blood pressure of rabbit by 22.33% ± 3.76% (p < 0.05) and heart rate by 17.18% ± 2.93% (p < 0.05). Cumulative addition of the black currant juice (0.01–3 mg·mL−1) inhibited concentration-dependent KCl induced contractions of the isolated rat aorta. The black currant juice, at the concentration of 3 mg·mL−1, caused a maximum relaxation of 21.75% ± 3.15% (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that black currant juice can induce hypotension. The hypotensive effect of the black currant may occur as the consequence of its inhibitory activity on the rate of heart contraction and vasorelaxant effects.

scholarly journals Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Ziedan ◽  
Ibrahim Elewa ◽  
Mostafa Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Sahab
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Va Mycorrhizae ◽  
Root Diseases

Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (VAM) was evaluated as a biotic agent for controlling wilt and root-rot diseases of sesame caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (Zap.) Cast and Macrophomina phaseolina (Moubl) Ashby pathogens can infect sesame plant at any growth stage causing considerable losses of seed yield. Spores of VA mycorrhizae fungi (Glomus spp.) were collected from the soil around the root systems of sesame plants then propagated on roots of Suddan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanese). Under green house and field conditions, two hundreds sporocarps of Glomus spp. were added as a soil drench beside the sesame plant. Glomus spp. (VA mycorrhizae) significantly reduced wilt and root-rot incidence of sesame plants. Lums spp. (VA mycorrhizae) also significantly increased plant morphological characters such as plant height, number of branches and number of pods for each plant. Application of Glomus spp. to protect sesame plants by colonizing the root system, significantly reduced colonization of fungal pathogens in sesame rhizosphere as well as pathogenic activity of fungal pathogens increased lignin contents in the sesame root system were also observed. Furthermore, mycorrhizae treatment provided selective bacterial stimulation for colonization on sesame rhizosphere. These bacteria belonging the Bacillus group showed highly antagonistic potential to fungal pathogens. Application of mycorrhizae together with other biocontrol agent such as Trichoderma viride or Bacillus subtilis significantly effected than individual treatments for controlling these diseases incidences and increasing morphological characters and seed yield of sesame.

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