scholarly journals The effect of mineral and organomineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat on the southern black soil in the condi-tions of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Artem Ermilov ◽  
◽  
Roman Kamenev ◽  
Vladimir Turchin ◽  
Vera Kamenevа
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer System

Field experiments were conducted in 2017-2020 on the southern black soil in the conditions of the Lower Don. The Doneko winter wheat variety was sown. The predecessor of wheat is corn for grain. Mineral fertilizers were represented by ammonium nitrate (34.4%), nitroammophosk (16-16-16) and carbamide (46%), which acted as a background option in the scheme of the ex-periment. Organomineral fertilizers were preceded by the following agrochemicals: Ruther, Leyli 2000, Alga 1000/Turbo, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Garden (Master Green Mix) and Double Vine (Monocaliphosphate). In the experiment, options for the joint use of non-root application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. It was found that the use of organomineral fertilizers Ruther (0.5 or 0.25 l/ton) and Leyli (0.25 l/ton) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l/ha) and Humiful Pro (0.2 l/ha) in spring tillering and in the flag leaf phase against the background of a starter treatment mineral fertilizer in the form of azofoska at a dose of N32P32K32, fertilizing on frozen-thawed soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and non-root topdressing with carbamide in the phase, earing at a dose of N20 increased the increase in grain yield on average for 3 years compared to the control variant (farm fertilizer system) by 0.73 t/ha or by 23.0%. The greatest increase in yield from the Router root-forming agent used for seed treatment was 0.36 t/ha or 11.3%. Keywords: WINTER WHEAT, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZERS, YIELD

scholarly journals Combined application of organomineral and mineral fertilizers in the fertilization system of winter wheat on the southern black soil of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Artem Vladimirovich Ermilov ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Kamenev ◽  
Anatoly Petrovich Solodovnikov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fertilization System

The article presents an analysis of the determination of the effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat grain. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 in the Rostov region on the southern chernozem. The object of research was the Doneko winter wheat variety. The predecessor is corn for grain. Ammonium nitrate, ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) and urea were used as mineral fertilizers, which were applied in the fertilization system of winter wheat and acted as a background option in the experimental scheme. ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) was introduced when sowing winter wheat, ammonium nitrate - scattered over thawed-frozen soil and carbamide in the heading phase by foliar method. Organomineral fertilizers were represented by the following types: Ruther, Leili 2000, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Guard and Double Wine MKR (monocaliphosphate) produced by Biokepharm (Switzerland). The raw material for the production of organomineral fertilizers was the algae of the warm seas Laminaria. In the field experiment, the options for the joint application of foliar application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. The control was the option without mineral fertilizers and the option with the background of the use of mineral fertilizers (farm fertilization system). It was found out that the use of organic fertilizers Ruter (0.5 or 0.25 l / t) and Leyli (0.25 l / t) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l / ha) and Gumiful Pro ( 0.2 l / ha) in the spring tillering phase and in the flag leaf phase against the background of sowing nitroammophoska at a dose of N32P32K32, random fertilizing on thawed-frozen soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and the use of carbamide in the heading phase at a dose of N20 increased grain yield on average for 2018–2020 compared with the control (fertilization system of the farm) by 0.73 t / ha, or 23.0%. The maximum yield increase from the root-forming agent Ruther, used for pre-sowing seed treatment, reached 0.36 t / g, or 11.3%.  

scholarly journals Enzymatic Activity of Chernozem Typical Depending on The Main Cultivation of Soil and Fertilizer

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
L. V. Tsentylo
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Fertilizer System

All agrotechnical and agrochemical measures aimed at increasing soil fertility have an effect on enzyme activity. Measures such as soil cultivation, the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers into the soil,activate or suppress the enzymatic processes. The research relies on the intensity and direction of biochemical processes in the soil, containing a series of methods, the use of which has enabled the establishment of a favorable enzymatic active layer of arable chernozem typical. Such methods include: field, laboratory, analysis. The level of differentiation of protease, urease, phosphatase, amylase, catalase, depending on the cultivation of soil and fertilizer, was revealed in the process of comparative analysis of enzymic activity of typical black soil in sunflower agrocenosis. Field experiments on the study of fermentative activity of typical black currant were conducted during 2012-2016. The object of research was soil cover. It was established that the activation of biochemical processes in the soil is ensured by the organo-mineral fertilizer system - compost 4.5 t + N40P48K54 + 3.5 t by-products and seed weight per hectare of crop rotational area. Application of the mineral fertilizer system reduces the enzymatic activity of typical black soil. The highest activity of the protease and catalase passes in the arable layer for powered-unpowered cultivation. Higher phosphatase activity was observed for differentiated soil cultivation. Research on this problem should be continued in order to establish a relationship between the parameters of enzymatic activity of soil with the structure of microbial cenosis of typical black soil of different systems of basic cultivation and fertilization

scholarly journals Agroecological justification of winter wheat fertilization systems in the south-west of the Central Black-soil region

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 07005
Author(s):  
Sergey Tyutyunov ◽  
Pavel Solntsev ◽  
Alexey Stupakov ◽  
Marina Kulikova ◽  
Al Dhuhaibawi Haider Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
The South ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Fertilizer System

Under the conditions of the south-western part of the Central Black-soil region in the grain-and-plant crop rotation on the black-soil the typical maximum yield of winter wheat was 5.52 t/ha when using the organic-mineral fertilizer system as part of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N60P60K60 and manure in the dose of 40 t/ha according to the third level of plant protection (seed etching of herbicide fungicide insecticide growth substances) with maximum payback of 1 kg of mineral fertilizers with grain harvest increase – 15.5 kg. Yield increase at the 1st level of plant protection (seed etching) was 1.86 t/ha (68.1%), at the 2nd level of protection (seed etching of herbicide fungicide) – 2.55 t/ha (93.4%) and at the 3rd level of protection – 2.79 t/ha (102.2%). The highest increase from pesticides was 0.69 and 0.93 t/ha (15.0 and 20.3%), respectively. The use of such a fertilizer system is justified, in which the energy coefficient was 1.03 and 1.05. The design of an organic fertilizer system using manure does not meet the requirements of bioenergy efficiency at all levels of plant protection (Кee = 0.79-0.87).

scholarly journals Efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on winter barley in the conditions of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Alexander Tsykora ◽  
◽  
Vera Kamenevа
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Bacterial Preparations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Field experiments on ordinary black soil were conducted in 2018-2021 in the Rostov region. The object of research was a variety of winter barley Master. The predecessor is corn for grain. Bacte-rial preparations developed at the All-Russian Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (VNIISHM) in St. Petersburg contain strains of associative microorganisms-nitrogen fixators: Mizorin, Ri-zoagrin, Extrasol. They were applied to barley seeds in the pre-sowing period. It was found that the use of Mizorin (600 g /ha) for seed treatment before sowing against the background of a near-sowing application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer in the form of a mixture of ammophos and ammonium nitrate at a dose of N30P30, nitrogen fertilization by a scattered surface method with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 30 kg/ ha of the active substance increased the increase in grain yield on average for 3 years compared with the control variant by 0.71 t/ ha or by 14.4%. The use of the biological preparation Mizorin without mineral fertilizers against the background of natural soil fertility increased the yield compared to the control variant by 0.31 t /ha or by 6.3%. On av-erage, in 2019-2021, the protein content in winter barley grain in the control variant was 10.7%, which provided a protein harvest equal to 528 kg/ha. Against the background of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers at a dose of N30P30 and nitrogen fertilizing at a dose of 30 kg / ha, the max-imum increase in protein content was obtained in the variant with the use of Mizorin, which compared to the control variant was 1.1%, while the protein harvest increased by 138 kg/ha or 26.1%. Keywords: WINTER BARLEY, ORDINARY BLACK SOIL, BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS, MINERAL FERTILIZERS

scholarly journals THE NEW ORGANIC-MINERAL FERTILIZER FOR GRAIN CROPS

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Ivanov ◽  
Zh. A. Ivanova ◽  
I. V. Sokolov ◽  
I. A. Freydkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
North West ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Organic Mineral

The problem to provide the livestock industry of the North-West of Russia with forage grain has sharply escalated since 2010. Its successful solution is connected with the level and validity of the use of mineral and organic fertilizers. The purpose of the study, started by the Menkovsky Branch of the AFI in 2012, was to find effective options for the use of new organic-mineral fertilizer (OMF) which provides maximum agronomic effect and can produce grain of high quality. The methodological basis was the micro trials in polyethylene vessels without bottoms of 1 × 1 × 0.4 m in size with an artificially formed upper part of the profile of degraded sandy sod-podzolic soil. The soil was of 4.75 рНKCl, 3.46 mmol (eq) of Ng per100g, 3.20 mmol (eq) of Sch per100g, 1.83% of humus, 217 mg / kg of mobile compounds of phosphorus and 92 mg / kg of potassium. In the course of research, there was high agronomic efficiency of its use for winter wheat and satisfactory agronomic efficiency of its use for barley. When the winter wheat variety ‘Moskovskaya 56’ was fertilized with 5 t/ha of organic-mineral fertilizer containing 2.46% of Ng, 4.51% of P₂O₅ and 3.36% of K₂O, grain yield increased in 2.6 times. Fertilized with N75P50K50 the productivity improved in 3.8 times with a payback of 1 kg of NPK 7.4 and 5.6 grain units, respectively. It has been established that the combination of OMF with mineral fertilizers is accompanied by a significant yield increase with a decrease in its relative contribution from 153% to 59% and from 143% to 105% and a payback of 1 kg of NPK from 3.8 to 2.6 and from 6.9 to 4.7 of barley grain units and winter wheat grain units, respectively. The best indicators of the agronomic efficiency of OMF, both when applied in pure form and when fertilized with N75P50K50, corresponded to a dose of 4 t / ha. It has been found that the addition of 10 kg of potassium (К₂О) per 1 ton to OMF provided yield increase on 15% and the payback period of 1 kg NPK increased from 6.4 to 8.4 grain units. Qualitative indicators of wheat and barley grain fertilized with OMF improved due to the rise of raw protein percentage on 8–27% and a number of ash elements, such as CaO (from 0.07 to 0.11 mg/kg), MgO (from 0.16 to 0.21 mg/kg), Zn (from 21.5 to 23.6 mg/kg). 

scholarly journals Winter wheat varieties productivity of on elements of growing technology under the conditions of Southern Step of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
O. Markovska ◽  
T. Hrechyshkina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Fertilizer System

Agrarian science has faced the problem of is the humanity provision with food, the major part of which is provided by grain crops. Winter wheat the most fully uses the existing bioclimatic potential of the Ukrainian regions. The highest productivity of this crop can be obtained with the use of modern adapted varieties with high genetic potential of productivity taking into account the soil-climatic conditions of the zone, improvement and development of highly effi cient, scientifi cally grounded systems of nutrition and plants protection against harmful organisms. The article presents the results of the research conducted in 2017–2019 on dark brown medium-loam low-saline soils under the conditions of the experimental fi eld of State Enterprise Experimental Farm “Kopani” of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS of Bilozersky district of Kherson region. The infl uence of varietal characteristics, mineral and organic-mineral fertilizer system, biological and chemical methods of disease protection on the productivity of winter wheat plants was investigated. The fi eld, laboratory, mathematical and statistical methods were used in the experiment according to the generally accepted methods and guidelines in Ukraine. It was found out that the highest level of productivity was formed by wheat plants of Maria winter variety on the background of application of pre-sowing cultivation of mineral fertilizers at a N30P30 dose with the use of foliar fertilization with organic-mineral fertilizer ROST, solution (2.0 l/ha) at the beginning of the restoration of spring vegetation and in a stage of the fl ag leaf and chemical protection of plants using fungicide – Colossal, emulsion concentrate (1.0 l/ha). Thus, on average during the years of research, the grain yield in this variant was 4.96 t/ha, the number of productive stems – 411 pieces/m2, the number of grains in the ear – 27.6 pieces, the mass of 1000 grains – 51.5g. When using the chemical method of protection to control dark brown spotting (Drechslera sorociniana Subram) of winter wheat, the rate of development of the disease ranged 2.0–3.1 %, and the eff ectiveness ranged 83.1 – 89.4 %. Key words: fertilizers, biologicals, fungicide, yield, foliar feeding, plant protection.

scholarly journals Adaptive technologies for intensification of winter wheat grain production in biologized crop rotation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00067
Author(s):  
Zakirzhan Bikmukhametov ◽  
Rafil Shakirov ◽  
Razina Sabirova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Base ◽  
Fertilizer System

The studies were conducted at the experimental base of the Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture in 1996–2014 to adapt fertilizer systems and basic tillage to achieve yields of 3–5 t/ha. The article cited data on winter wheat – the second crop of the third rotation of the eight-field grain-grass-crop rotation for 2013–2014. We studied the effect of organomineral, organic, mineral fertilizer systems on the winter wheat yield using a differentiated approach to their use in combination with different primary tillage systems (dump plowing to the depth of the arable layer, multi-depth loosening and loosening to a depth of 15–16). The organomineral fertilizer system differed with the saturation with organic fertilizers of 7 t/ha of arable land per year + N36P32K60 according to the balance sheet for receiving 4 t/ha of grain with spring fertilizing using ammonium nitrate, where the yield was 4. 03 t/ha, and the saving on mineral fertilizers, depending on crop rotation and soil saturation with organic matter, was 25–35 %. The yield of winter wheat by the water-saving technology amounted to 4.03 t/ha with a planned level of 4.0 t/ha. At the same time, at the purchase price of 7 rubles/kg, the level of profitability rose to 195.85 %, the cost of 1 center of grain amounted to 236.6 rubles.

scholarly journals Fertilizers influence on yield and yield quality of sunflower variety Spartak bred in Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
O.M. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
S.A. Erofeev ◽  
S.V. Vetrova ◽  
M.R. Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Research Institute

In 2014–2019, we studied impact of various doses, methods and dates of applying of macro- and microfertilizers on seed and oil yields, oil content of sunflower variety Spartak bred in the Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture. The research was conducted in the Tambov region on typical black soils in 6-field crop rotation. We studied action of a liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix applied for beforesowing treatment of seeds and for foliar fertilizing of sunflower plants of the variety Spartak under application of N30P30K30 and N60P60K60. The scheme of a trial included variants with seeds treatment with the liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix and foliar fertilizing of sunflower plants in various phases of vegetative period, both separately and in complex with mineral fertilizers. For the first rotation (2014–2019), the highest seed and oil yields were obtained in variant five: N30P30K30 + seed treatment with Megamix (2.0 l per t), – 2.78 and 1.42 t per ha, respectively. The most effective method of microfertilizers application appeared to be before-sowing seed treatment. Variant five (N30P30K30 + seed treatment with Megamix (2.0 l per t) increased oil yield relative to control by 0.21 t per ha, and relative to variant two (only N30P30K30) – by 0.09 t per ha. The rest variants in the trial slightly exceeded control (variant one) both in seed and oil yields. We analyzed a role of traditional mineral fertilizers and liquid mineral fertilizer Megamix at cultivation of sunflower variety Spartak on typical black soil in the conditions of the Tambov region.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MICROELEMENTS AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAINS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Марат Амиров ◽  
Marat Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat

The search for optimal doses, the timing of fertilizers application, taking into account the needs of plants in macro- and microelements and its content in soil, remains topical. Our studies were devoted to the study of the effect of mineral fertilizers in combination with presowing seed treatment with microelements on the spring soft wheat productivity. Field experiments were laid on gray forest soils in 2016-2017, on the experimental field of Kazan State Agrarian University. In the years of research, the payment of one kilogram of the active ingredient of applied mineral fertilizer on the background with application of 176 kg of active ingredient per hectare on control was 6.14 kg of grain, when using Mikromak A, B it increased to 6.87 kg, when used Micromak A, B together with fungicide raised up to 7.78 kg of grain.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF SOFT SPRING WHEAT YIELD AT THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марат Амиров ◽  
Marat Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat

In these studies, the effect of mineral fertilizers in combination with presowing seed treatment with biological fungicides on the yield of spring soft wheat has been studied. Field experiments were conducted on gray forest soils in 2013-2015 on the experimental field of Kazan State Agrarian University. In the years of research, the payment of one kilogram of reactant of mineral fertilizer, applied to the control sample with application of 170 kg of active ingredient per hectare amounted to - 3 kg of grain, using Alirin biological fungicides it increased to 3.94 kg, using - Binoram up to 3.82 kg of grain.

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