scholarly journals Assessment of Low Doses Radiation Effects Using Tumor Markers among Palestinian Radiation Workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 706-712
Author(s):  
Areej Dahdol ◽  
Mohammad Hjouj
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
The Impact

Understanding the impact of radiation on occupational workers has been a huge concern; particularly when it comes to cancer, which is considered as a stochastic effect from radiation. This paper aims at investigating the effect of low radiation dose on tumor markers tests among Radiation Workers (RWs). Additionally, it aims at demonstrating the effect of independent variables, such exposed dose, smoking status, and the type of work on tumor markers. As for the methodology, the researchers have retrospectively reviewed collected database of tumor marker tests in four Governmental Hospitals between the period (2013- 2019) to trace the patterns of tumor marker over the years. The exposed dose record was taken from the Energy Department. Additionally, a questionnaire was distributed to acquire correlated independent variables with tumor markers records and 78 RWs participated in this study. Results indicated that after several years of tracing tumor markers, they all tend to increase in a normal range. Significantly, the Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has increased by approximately 57% in RWs. Moreover, the smoking workers have a statistically significant change in CEA. Finally, the study has not shown any relationship between the radiation doses and tumor markers. In conclusion, to the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the correlated tumor markers with low radiation doses among occupational worker. The researchers believe that these finding will contribute to ‘gap-filling’ in low dose effects, and demonstrate the importance of laboratory medical test in prediction of low doses effect. However, further investigations are needed to achieve results that are more accurate.

Generation Z and intention to use the digital library: does personality matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Sanjeev ◽  
Shahnaz Khademizadeh ◽  
Thangaraja Arumugam ◽  
D.K. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adoption Intention

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the role of personality in digital library systems (DLS) adoption intention among Generation Z (Gen-Z) students. The study uses the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology-2 and the five-factor model to investigate personality’s influence on Gen-Z’s DLS adoption intention. Design/methodology/approach The study is a descriptive causal investigation based on primary data collected through a self-administered survey using pre-validated tools. The study uses structural equation modeling to investigate personality dimensions’ direct and moderating effect on the dependent, independent variables and their relation. Findings The study results indicate that personality has no significant influence on Gen-Z’s DLS adoption, suggesting the ubiquity and inevitability of technology in current times. Also, only performance expectancy had a considerable impact on DLS adoption among Gen-Z going to college – a deviation from past studies where multiple independent variables have influenced DLS adoption when examined from different technology adoption model angles. Research limitations/implications The current research is done on Gen-Z, and thus the results are ideographic to the cohort. Practical implications The results of the study can be used to effectively design and communicate technology-enabled information solutions among the Cohort. Social implications The results of the study help better understand the factors affecting the technology adoption intentions of Gen-Z. Such understanding can help in better design and implementation of technology-enabled solutions for the cohort, maximizing such system adoption and its effective and efficient utilization. Originality/value The study explores the impact of personality on DLS adoption intentions, hitherto unexplored. The research also focuses on Gen-Z – a cohort born in a technology-enabled world whose attitude and preferences towards technology might differ. The study’s findings will help understand the influence of personality on DLS adoption among the Gen-Z and can be used to design, promote and evaluate such systems.

scholarly journals Effects of Internal Service Quality on Work Engagement: A Case Study of Hotel Soaltee Crowne Plaza

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Eveeta Shakya ◽  
Puja Tamang
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Internal Service Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Employee Work Engagement

This study examined the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model with the Internal Service Quality (ISQ) dimensions such as tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy that impact on employee work engagement. This research work was conducted in Hotel Soaltee Crowne Plaza (SCP), one of the 5-star deluxe hotels of Nepal. The study has adopted an inferential research design to meet the study objectives regarding the impact of independent variables on work engagement of SCP Hotel. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 126 sample respondents out of a total of 503 employees of SCP hotel. The study reveals a significant relationship of work engagement with empathy and not with rest of the independent variables. Based on the findings it is recommended that employees should be taken good care of, and employers should be well aware of the employees’ emotional level since empathy has shown a highly significant relationship with work engagement. Study results have scope of future reference whereby implementing SERVQUAL dimensions for employee work engagement and reduction in employee turnover and improved.

Evaluating the impact of a trial in breast cancer tumor markers: A value of research analysis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16524-e16524
Author(s):  
Rahber Thariani ◽  
David K Blough ◽  
William Barlow ◽  
Norah Lynn Henry ◽  
Julie Gralow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Societal Value ◽  
Cancer Tumor ◽  
The Impact

e16524 Background: Despite not being recommended by clinical guidelines, the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA)15-3, and CA 27.29 are used by some clinicians to screen for increased risk of breast cancer recurrence. Although additional research may be warranted to evaluate the benefits and risks of breast cancer tumor marker tests, clinical trials would likely need to involve thousands of women and would take many years to complete. We conducted an analysis to assess the societal value of a prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) for breast tumor marker testing in routine follow-up of high-risk, stage II-III breast cancer survivors Methods: We used value of information techniques to assess the benefits of reducing uncertainty of using breast cancer tumor markers. We developed a decision-analytic model of biomarker testing in addition to standard surveillance at follow-up appointments every 3-6 months for five years. Expected value of sample information (EVSI) was assessed over a range of trial sizes and assumptions. Results: The overall value of research for an RCT involving 9,000 women was $166 million (EVSI). The value of improved information characterizing the survival impact of tumor markers was $81 million, quality-of-life $38 million, and test performance $95 million. Conclusions: Our analysis indicates that substantial societal value may be gained by conducting a clinical trial evaluating the use of breast cancer tumor markers. The most important aspects of the trial in our analysis were information gained on survival improvements as well as quality-of-life parameters associated with testing and test sensitivity and specificity. Our analysis indicates that smaller randomized trials, as well as adding quality of life instruments to existing trials, retrospective, and observational trials can also generate valuable and relevant information.

How Tumor Markers are used in the Routine Follow-up of Breast and Colorectal Cancer. A Survey of 29 Italian Hospitals

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gion ◽  
P. Barioli ◽  
A. Ponti ◽  
V. Torri ◽  
R. Mione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Relative Uncertainty ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Impact

The impact of tumor markers on the outcome of several malignancies is still under debate. This relative uncertainty leads to a subjective approach to their use. Monitoring the use of tumor markers is a valuable tool to identify the need for educational policies. We conducted a survey to evaluate how tumor markers are routinely used in the follow-up of patients with breast, colorectal and ovarian carcinoma. The former two malignancies are considered in the present paper. We surveyed 35 Italian hospitals; 29 (83%, accounting for 26,622 hospital beds) filled in and returned the questionnaire. Overall, 467,361 tumor marker requests were scrutinized by the surveyed hospitals. We found a wide variability in the type and number of routinely used markers, the cutoff points chosen, and the clinical decisions taken on the basis of marker results. In addition, we observed a relative lack of communication between clinicians and clinical pathologists in around 50% of the surveyed hospitals. In these cases clinical information was not provided to the laboratory and methodological aspects were not communicated to clinicians. From the findings of the present study we conclude that the cooperation between clinicians and clinical pathologists must improve before guidelines for the use of tumor marker assays can be framed and the compliance with these guidelines can be checked. Request forms for tumor marker assays should therefore be designed to contain clinical information and the quality of filling in request forms with clinical data should be carefully monitored.

Prolonged survival in patients with persistently elevated tumor markers after chemotherapy for nonseminomatous germ cell cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5051-5051
Author(s):  
Z. He ◽  
Z. Sun ◽  
G. Liu ◽  
J. Manola ◽  
P. Loehrer
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

5051 Background: Persistently elevated levels of either AFP or HCG or both after chemotherapy are thought to represent residual viable disease while the normalization of tumor markers predicts favorable outcomes. This study was to evaluate the clinical implication of tumor marker normalization for disseminated nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (GCTs). Methods: This was a retrospective data analysis from two prospective randomized trials (ECOG E4887 and E3887). In E4887, 178 patients with minimal- or moderate-stage disease (Indiana stage) were randomized to receive three cycles of cisplatin plus etoposide with/without bleomycin. In E3887, 304 patients with advanced disseminated GCTs were randomized to receive four cycles of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin versus the combination of etoposide, ifosfamide and cisplatin. AFP and HCG were assessed at baseline and after each cycle of chemotherapy. Tumor marker normalization was defined as AFP or HCG normalized after completing chemotherapy. OS and PFS curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate and univariate models, stratified on International Germ Cell Consensus Classification (IGCCCG), were used to assess the impact of marker normalization for patients with abnormal markers at study entry. Results: Median follow-up is 14.8 years. About 40% to 60% of Patients with persistently elevated AFP or HCG after chemotherapy have prolonged PFS and/or OS. In IGCCCG poor risk patients, 35% to 55% of them with persistently elevated AFP or HCG after chemotherapy have prolonged PFS and/or OS. There is a statistically significant difference in OS associated with AFP normalization in both multivariate (p=0.008, HR=0.51 with 95% CI=0.31–0.84) and univariate analysis (p=0.0008, HR=0.43 with 95% CI=0.26–0.71). However, there was no statistically significant difference in OS associated with normalization of HCG in both multivariate analysis (p=0.52, HR=0.84 with 95% CI=0.50–1.41) and univariate analysis (p=0.29, HR=0.76 with 95% CI=0.46–1.26). Conclusions: Patients with persistently elevated AFP or HCG after chemotherapy may still have prolonged PFS and/or OS. Normalization of AFP but not HCG is associated with better OS in patients with disseminated nonseminomatous GCTs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Radiopharmacology: Hazard or/and Benefit

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Flemming
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Medical Radiology ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
In The Beginning

SummaryIn the beginning of medical radiology, only the benefit of ionizing radiation was obvious, and radiation was handled and applied generously. After late effects had become known, the radiation exposure was reduced to doses following which no such effects were found. Thus, it was assumed that one could obtain an optimal medical benefit without inducing any hazard. Later, due to experimental findings, hypotheses arose (linear dose-effect response, no time factor) which led to the opinion that even low and lowest radiation doses were relevant for the induction of late effects. A radiation fear grew, which was unintentionally strengthened by radiation protection decrees: even for low doses a radiation risk could be calculated. Therefore, it was believed that there could still exist a radiation hazard, and the radiation benefit remained in question. If, however, all presently known facts are considered, one must conclude that large radiation doses are hazardous and low doses are inefficient, whereas lowest doses have a biopositive effect. Ionizing radiation, therefore, may cause both, hazard as well as benefit. Which of the two effects prevails is determined by the level of dose.

Analisis Pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Dan Retribusi Daerah Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Di Jawa Tengah

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Beta Asteria
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
The Impact

This research deals with the impact of Local Tax and Retribution Receipt to Local Government Original Receipt of Regency/City in Central Java from 2008 to 2012. This research utilizes the data of actual of local government budget from Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (Direktorat Jendral Perimbangan Keuangan). Methods of collecting data through census. The number of Regency/City in Central Java are 35. But the data consists of 33 of Regency/City In Central Java from 2008 to 2012. Total of samples are 165. Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency were not included as samples of this research because they didn’t report the data of actual of local government budget to Directorate General of Fiscal Balance in 2009.The model used in this research is multiple regressions. The independent variables are Local Tax and Retribution Receipt, the dependent variable is Local Government Original Receipt. The research findings show that Local Tax and Retribution give the significant impact partially and simultaneusly on Local Government Original Receipt at real level 5 percent. All independent variables explain 91,90 percent of the revenue variability while the rest 8,10 percent is explained by other variables.Keywords: Local Tax, Retribution, and Local Government Original Receipt

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Belanja Modal pada Kabupaten atau Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Gogor Mustawa Zais
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to find out and analyze the impact of regional own revenue (PAD), general allocation fund (DAU) and special allocation fund (DAK) on capital expenditure (BM)  in regencies/towns in South  Sumatera Province  for a period of 2010 to 2014. The data were analyzed by using multiple regression. There were four variables in this research. A dependent variable was capital expenditure (BM) and independent variables were regional own revenue (PAD), general allocation fund (DAU) and special allocation fund (DAK). The results showed that the regional own revenue and special allocation fund variables have positive and significant impact on the capital expenditure. This means that the higher the regional own revenue and special allocation fund, the regencies/towns increased the capital expenditure are also higher. General allocation fund do not have a significant effect on the capital expenditure (BM) in regencies/towns in South Sumatera Province for a period of 2010 to 2014

Income Diversification and Bank Efficiency in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Sang Nguyen Minh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

This study uses the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method to estimate the technical efficiency index of 34 Vietnamese commercial banks in the period 2007-2015, and then it analyzes the impact of income diversification on the operational efficiency of Vietnamese commercial banks through a censored regression model - the Tobit regression model. Research results indicate that income diversification has positive effects on the operational efficiency of Vietnamese commercial banks in the research period. Based on study results, in this research some recommendations forpolicy are given to enhance the operational efficiency of Vietnam’s commercial banking system.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

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