scholarly journals Physicochemical, nutritional and functional properties, rate of polyphenols and flavonoids of the Stenochlaena tenuifolia (BLECHNACEAE) leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randrianantenaina Antoni ◽  
Rasida Marie Soniah ◽  
Vololonirina Florida Rangita ◽  
Razafimahefa Razafimahefa
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Wild Vegetables ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Acid Load

The general objective of this study is to contribute to the promotion of edible wild vegetables available in Madagascar. Its specific objective is to determine the physicochemical, nutritional and functional properties and the polyphenols and flavonoids contents of the Stenochlaena tenuifolia (BLECHNACEAE) leaves. Physical, physicochemical and biochemical methods have been used to characterize the powder from the leaves of this plant. The results obtained showed that the powder of the Stenochlaena tenuifolia leaves has a pH equal to 5.25±0.04 and an acidity equal to 2.57±0.23%. Its water and dry matter contents are respectively equal to 3.35±0.03% and 95.65±0.01%. Its macronutrient content, such as proteins, crude fat and carbohydrates, expressed in grams per 100 grams of dry matter, are respectively 32.30±0.17; 4.27±0.06 and 49.71±0.01. The metabolizable energy provided by this powder (in kcal per 100g) is 292.02±0.01. Its crude ash content is 10.35±0.04%. Its mineral elements content, such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, phosphorus, zinc and copper (in mg per 100 g) of this powder are respectively 81.78±0.29; 287.15±6.60; 3140.59±24.64; 15.64±0.16; 540.90±7.71; 4.91±0.13 and 2.85±0.03. The potential renal acid load of this plant is –52.88. The functional properties, such as water and oil retention capacities, the hydrophilic-lipophilic ratio and the solubility index of the powder produced are respectively 486.29±8.44%; 170.00±8.16%; 2.86 and 20.36±0.20%. Its total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents are respectively 457.01±0.15mg pyrogallol equivalent per gram of dry matter and 15.12±0.23mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dry matter. Therefore, this plant has important nutritional, functional and phytochemical properties. Thus, this wild leaf vegetable can be used to fight against malnutrition and especially protein-energy malnutrition which affects almost the entire population in Madagascar.

scholarly journals Effect of Blanching, Varietal Difference of Irish Potato Flour and Sprouted Maize Flour on Energy Density of Gruels of Three Irish Potatoes Varieties (Cipira, Pamela and Dosa) in Dschang, West-Cameroon: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Leonie Gaytane Nguemguo Kalamo ◽  
Stephano Tambo Tene ◽  
Julie Mathilde Klang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Protein Energy

Child malnutrition is a problem that usually occurs from the age of weaning. It is mostly manifested in the form of protein-energy malnutrition and mainly affects many infants in developing countries. This study is aimed at improved the energy density of gruels made from Irish potato flours by using the response surface methodology. To achieve this, blanched and unblanched Irish potato flours of three varieties (Cipira, Dosa and Pamela) were produced. The flours were then chemically and physically characterized. The response surface methodology using the Doelhert plan was carried out to study the effect of blanching on the energy density of gruels of the three Irish potato varieties with dry matter and optimized germinated corn flour concentration (Kassaï variety) as factors. As such that the blanching, variety and interactive effect of the blanching and variety significantly influence (p<0.05; 0.01; 0.001) the proximate chemical composition of all flours. The combination of optimized germinated corn flour at concentrations ranging from 3.10 to 5.76 g with Irish potato flour at concentrations between 14.50-25.45 g of dry matter has resulted in gruels with flow velocities between 100 and 160 mm/30s. The activity of germinated flour was influenced by blanching, which reduced its activity in the Dosa and Pamela varieties but increased in the case of Cipira. The use of optimized germinated corn flour during the preparation of the Irish potato gruels resulted in an increase of the energy density between 3.4 and 6.02. The correlation matrix shows that the fluidizing capacity of optimized germinated corn flour is significantly (p<0.05; 0.01) influenced by carbohydrates, ash and fibers. In view of all the above, the appropriate combination of optimized germinated corn flour and the various Irish potato flours would alleviate the problem of protein energy malnutrition.

scholarly journals Quality evaluation of sweetpotato-based complementary food

Agrosearch ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
S.J. Olatunde ◽  
O.D. Oyewole ◽  
V.F. Abioye ◽  
G.O. Babarinde ◽  
R.O. Adetola
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Range Of Values

Complementary Food (CF) was developed using locally available food raw materials (millet, soybean and sweetpotato) to tackle infant malnutrition especially in rural areas. Four different samples of CF were formulated using different ratios of millet flour (MF), sweet potato flour (SPF), soybean flour (SBF); A (55% MF, 30% SPF and 15%SBF), B (50% MF, 30% SPF and 20%SBF), C (45% MF, 30% SPF and 25%SBF), and D (40% MF, 30% SPF and 30% SBF). Commercial complementary food (Nutribom) was used as control sample. The proximate and functional properties of the formulated CF were determined. The following range of values were obtained for all the complementary samples, moisture (2.98-9.05%), protein (5.06-13.19%), fat (2.50-8.71%), fibre (0.13-2.19%), ash (1.26-2.31%) and carbohydrate (55.6-57.6%). The protein, fat and fibre contents of the complementary food increased while moisture, ash and carbohydrate contents reduced with an increase in the level of SBF. The water absorption capacity, swelling power, and bulk density of the complimentary food samples ranged between 28.00 and 43.67 ml/g; 2.86 and5.22 (g/g) and 0.69and 0.81 g/ml, respectively. The functional properties of the complementary food increased when compared with the control. The complementary food blends that could be regarded as appropriate formulation based on the exhibited quality attributes evaluated was sample B which contained 50, 30 and 20% of MF, SPF and SBF, respectively. This product can serve as an alternative to commercial weaning food to prevent protein-energy malnutrition, which may help in the growth and development of children among the poor populace. Keywords: Complementary foods, functional properties, proximate properties and minerals contents

IMPROVEMENT THE PROPERTIES OF YOGHURT USING LEGUMES TO THERAPY PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Abtsam M.F. Badr ◽  
D.A.M. Amer ◽  
M.Y.A. El- Hawary ◽  
A.M.A. Naem
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Energy

scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity in Liver Cirrhosis: Possible Mechanism and Clinical Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nishikawa ◽  
Hirayuki Enomoto ◽  
Shuhei Nishiguchi ◽  
Hiroko Iijima
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Clinical Consequences

The picture of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) has changed considerably in recent years. One of them is the increase of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. More and more CLD patients, even those with liver cirrhosis (LC), tend to be presenting with obesity these days. The annual rate of muscle loss increases with worsening liver reserve, and thus LC patients are more likely to complicate with sarcopenia. LC is also characterized by protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). Since the PEM in LC can be invariable, the patients probably present with sarcopenic obesity (Sa-O), which involves both sarcopenia and obesity. Currently, there is no mention of Sa-O in the guidelines; however, the rapidly increasing prevalence and poorer clinical consequences of Sa-O are recognized as an important public health problem, and the diagnostic value of Sa-O is expected to increase in the future. Sa-O involves a complex interplay of physiological mechanisms, including increased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hormonal disorders, and decline of physical activity. The pathogenesis of Sa-O in LC is diverse, with a lot of perturbations in the muscle–liver–adipose tissue axis. Here, we overview the current knowledge of Sa-O, especially focusing on LC.

scholarly journals Dynamic Oral Texture Properties of Selected Indigenous Complementary Porridges Used in African Communities

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Makame ◽  
Tanita Cronje ◽  
Naushad M. Emmambux ◽  
Henriette De Kock
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Texture Properties ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Child malnutrition remains a major public health problem in low-income African communities, caused by factors including the low nutritional value of indigenous/local complementary porridges (CP) fed to infants and young children. Most African children subsist on locally available starchy foods, whose oral texture is not well-characterized in relation to their sensorimotor readiness. The sensory quality of CP affects oral processing (OP) abilities in infants and young children. Unsuitable oral texture limits nutrient intake, leading to protein-energy malnutrition. The perception of the oral texture of selected African CPs (n = 13, Maize, Sorghum, Cassava, Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), Cowpea, and Bambara) was investigated by a trained temporal-check-all-that-apply (TCATA) panel (n = 10), alongside selected commercial porridges (n = 19). A simulated OP method (Up-Down mouth movements- munching) and a control method (lateral mouth movements- normal adult-like chewing) were used. TCATA results showed that Maize, Cassava, and Sorghum porridges were initially too thick, sticky, slimy, and pasty, and also at the end not easy to swallow even at low solids content—especially by the Up-Down method. These attributes make CPs difficult to ingest for infants given their limited OP abilities, thus, leading to limited nutrient intake, and this can contribute to malnutrition. Methods to improve the texture properties of indigenous CPs are needed to optimize infant nutrient intake.

scholarly journals Study of NT-pro-BNP and Hs-Troponin I biomarkers for early detection of children’s heart function of protein-energy malnutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlina Dimiati ◽  
Abdus Samik Wahab ◽  
Mohammad Juffrie ◽  
Madarina Julia ◽  
Basri A. Gani
Keyword(s):  
Troponin I ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Ventricular Mass ◽  
Protein Energy

The Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is the condition of a lack of carbohydrate and protein stores in the body that trigger chronic failure nutrient intake and body maintenance function caused to impact the heart functions. The NT-pro-BNP and Hs- Troponin I proteins were found as the indicator of cardiac dysfunction. The sixty subjects of PEM, analyzed by standard of Indonesia Healt Ministry as well as nutritional status. The blood electrolytes examined by laboratory assay and the levels of Hs-Troponin 1 and NT-Pro-BNP were analyzed by Immune-Chromatography method. Assessing of the ventricular mass with the seeing the peak of the diastolic flow rate of left ventricular that estimated by the curve of the receiver operating characteristic and the area under the curve (P<0.05). The result has shown that the PEM decreased in the left ventricular mass for impaired heart function and systolic disorder. The Hs- Troponin I (90.9%) has better sensitivity than NT-pro-BNP (85.5%) if the merger of those markers possesses the lowest sensitivity (81.8%). These proteins have good biomarkers in heart function, mainly in cases where PEM is present.

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