Developing probiotics, prebiotics, and organic acids to control Salmonella spp. in commercial turkeys at the University of Arkansas, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Guillermo Tellez-Isaias ◽  
Christine N. Vuong ◽  
Brittany D. Graham ◽  
Callie M. Selby ◽  
Lucas E. Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Live Poultry ◽  
Human Illness ◽  
The University ◽  
Published Research

In the United States, non-typhoidal Salmonella causes over one million foodborne infections every year and turkey meat contaminated with Salmonella has been associated from the farm to the processing plant. These outbreaks emphasize efforts on decreasing and preventing human illness associated with live poultry contact through comprehensive interventions from \farm-to-fork" levels. This review article revises the role of the turkey upper respiratory tract, which is now known to play a crucial role in colonization and as a source of contamination, for this remarkable bacterium that has co-evolved to infect plants and animals. Because agriculture represents over 60% of the economy of the state of Arkansas, the mission of our laboratory over the last 21 years has been directed to evaluate and develop applied research to help reduce the incidence of Salmonella spp. from commercial turkey operations. A summary of the published research is presented.

scholarly journals An Analysis of College Students’ Perceptions on Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking in Pine Bluff, Arkansas

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
Janette Wheat ◽  
Patricia Shavers ◽  
Marilyn Bailey
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking ◽  
Child Sex Trafficking ◽  
Modern Day Slavery ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST) is modern-day slavery of children and the commercial sexual abuse of children through buying, selling, or trading their sexual services.  DMST is a form of child abuse.  The victim can be any person of nationality, age, socioeconomic status, or gender. In America, throughout college campuses, a lot of students are not informed of domestic minor sex trafficking. When thinking about domestic minor sex trafficking, most people do not think that this crime happens in our country, better yet our state of Arkansas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of college students attending the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff on domestic minor sex trafficking in our country and in our state of Arkansas (a crime that is growing aggressively in the United States). Fifty participants who were students attending the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff participated in the study. Participants consisted of male and female students between the ages of 18 to 25 (N = 30 Females; N = 20 Males). Survey data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel software. Participants responded to ten yes or no descriptive questions about domestic minor sex trafficking (e.g., Questions like: have you heard about domestic minor sex trafficking; and do you think child sex trafficking is an organized crime). The data yielded both quantitative and qualitative results. Results showed that female students were more knowledgeable and were more aware of DMST than males. Implications for interventions will be discussed. Further research also is suggested.

Book Reviews

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-818
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
The University ◽  
Relative Differences

Jeffrey G. Williamson of Harvard University and University of Wisconsin reviews “Economic Development in the Americas since 1500: Endowments and Institutions” by Stanley L. Engerman and Kenneth L. Sokoloff. The EconLit abstract of the reviewed work begins: Eleven papers explore differences in the rates of economic growth in Latin America and mainland North America, specifically the United States and Canada, and consider how relative differences in growth over time are related to differences in the institutions that developed in different economies. Papers discuss paths of development -- an overview; factor endowments and institutions; the role of institutions in shaping factor endowments; the evolution of suffrage institutions; the evolution of schooling – 1800–1925; inequality and the evolution of taxation; land and immigration policies; politics and banking systems; five hundred years of European colonization; institutional and noninstitutional explanations of economic development; and institutions in political and economic development. Engerman is John H. Munro Professor of Economics and Professor of History at the University of Rochester. The late Sokoloff was Professor in the Department of Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Bibliography; index.

scholarly journals On the Study of Higher Education in Canadian Universities

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
Michael L. Skolnik
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
Higher Education Journals ◽  
Canadian Higher Education ◽  
Limited Scale ◽  
Student Demand ◽  
The University

Although research on Canadian higher education has advanced considerably over the past few decades, the opportunities for university level study of higher education in Canada are still quite limited. Only four universities offer higher education programs; only one has a higher education department; and only a handful of other institutions offer even a course in higher education. The number of students enrolled in higher education programs in Canada is about 200, compared to about 6,000 in the United States; the number of faculty about 15 compared to 700 in the U.S. Moreover, while American higher education journals have, since the early 1970's, regularly featured articles about university higher education programs, there has not been a single article on this subject in The Canadian Journal of Higher Education. This paper attempts to fill some of that gap by providing some basic information about the study of higher education in Canadian universities and by examining the role of these programs in the overall development of higher education research and the possible reasons for the very limited scale of such programs in Canada. The author's conclusion is that the factor which has most limited the development of higher education studies in Canadian universities is neither insufficient student demand nor limited employment opportunities of graduates, but reluctance of Canadian universities to allocate resources for this area of study. This reluctance is attributed to the combination of the low prestige of higher education as a field of study and the lack of a strong lobby for this program area outside the university. It is suggested that - in contrast to their American counterparts - presently Canadian higher education programs have less than the minimum resources necessary to make the advances that would be required to overcome this "prestige barrier".

scholarly journals CANNING AND TASTING EVALUATION OF THE SOUTHERNPEA COOPERATIVE TRIAL IN ARKANSAS

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 876e-876
Author(s):  
Danielle Williams ◽  
Teddy Morelock ◽  
Eddy Stiles
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Yield Trial ◽  
Cooperative Trial ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
The University

There are four southernpea breeding programs left in the United States: USDA-South Carolina, Louisiana, Texas and the largest at University of Arkansas. Selected breeding lines from these programs are grown in the Southernpea Cooperative Trial along with industry standards as checks. The yield trial is conducted in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Texas. Each location collects yield data; at the University of Arkansas-Fayetteville samples are also canned at the Department of Food Science Pilot Plant Facility. The process we use for canning southernpeas is similar to that used in the industry. Dry weights are recorded then soaked overnight in water. Imbibed weights are recorded after the peas are drained, blanched, and cooled. A weighed amount of peas are placed in each can; prepared brine (water, salt, and preservatives) is poured to the top of the can. The cans are sealed then cooked in a retort. The cans set a month before the tasting evaluation. For the tasting evaluation we use a minimum of 10 individuals for a consumer panel. Panelists rate pea color, liquor color, wholeness, texture, flavor, and the general appearance on a scale of 1–10, 10 being best. The industry standards are included, these are used as checks. This allows breeders to see how their lines look and taste as a canned product.

scholarly journals The Reduction of Pathogen Load on Ross 708 Broilers when Using Different Sources of Commercial Peracetic Acid Sanitizers in a Pilot Processing Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Feye ◽  
Dana K. Dittoe ◽  
Zhaohao Shi ◽  
Jessica Woitte ◽  
Casey M. Owens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pathogen Load ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
The University ◽  
Different Sources

Peracetic acid (PAA) in poultry processing is not necessarily the same from company to company. Anecdotal evidence suggests that PeraClean may be more stable compared to the competition; however, it is not known what impact potential differences in chemical stability may have. In order to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of PAA, one PAA (PeraClean, P) was qualitatively compared against two competitor products (Competitors 1 and 2, C1 and C2) at the University of Arkansas Pilot Processing Plant. A total of 150 Ross 708 broilers (42 d) were used in the current study. Briefly, prior to treatment, 10 birds were sampled post-evisceration (C). Then, one of four treatment groups per PAA were applied (A1, A2, B1, and B2). The birds were dipped in either 400 ppm or 600 ppm PAA (A or B), chilled in either 25 ppm or 45 ppm PAA (1 or 2), and then manually agitated in 400 mL of nBPW for 1 min. There were 10 birds per treatment group in total. The resulting rinsates were transported to the Center for Food Safety and assessed for total microbiological load with total aerobic plate counts (Trypticase Soy Agar; APC), coliforms, (Eosin Methylene Blue Media; EMB), Salmonella (Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar, XLD), and Campylobacter (modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar, mCCDA). The microbiological plates were incubated as per manufacturer’s directions. Statistical analyses were calculated in JMP 14.0, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Data indicate that all three sources of PAA are effective sanitizers for poultry processing applications compared within treatment. Qualitatively, there were differences in efficacy between the treatments. However, additional studies will be required to determine if those differences are quantitatively distinctive and if they are attributable to differences in product stability.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Role of Chinese and American Supervisors of Internship Placement-Taking the University of Cincinnati's School-Enterprise Cooperation Model as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieli Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mentor Teachers ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cooperation Model ◽  
University Of Cincinnati ◽  
Internship Programs ◽  
The University ◽  
Job Content

The University of Cincinnati is the birthplace of the global paid internship program and has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States. The University of Cincinnati has the most professional paid internship instructors in the United States. However, China's higher education institutions started their internship programs late, and instructors lack special training, which prevents them from playing their role fully. By analyzing the type of full-time mentor teachers, job content and legal functions of the University of Cincinnati, we will provide reference for the working model of new internship mentor teachers in China.

scholarly journals The role of The University Center for Social Development in the regional innovation ecosystem of social assistance.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Valeriy Kovalevskiy ◽  
Liudmila G. Klimatckaia ◽  
Yulija Yu. Bocharova
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
University Center ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
The University

The stable innovation system generation is one of the Russian economic policy priorities. Universities have the role of a central hub in the regional innovation systems formation. This article presents a study of factors influencing the formation and development of the university’s innovation environment and examples of innovation activities of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University V.P. Astafyev (KSPU) in the regional innovation ecosystem of social assistance. The second section of the article is devoted to the exchange of experience and the results of the university becoming the center of social development in the regional innovation ecosystem of social assistance. An important aspect of this part is a positive result in several key areas: Globalization - mobility and increased competition between universities in China, South Korea, Japan, Poland, Germany, France, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and the United States; Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary - the integration of science, technology and design, teams from different faculties and universities; and Corporatization - specialized institutes of applied research, and extension of stakeholders. The final section presents the Transformation Program of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University at the University Center for Social Development of the Krasnoyarsk Territory for current and future operations. The program includes both initiatives and ongoing projects. Today, many successful examples prove that the Center for Social Development in the field of social assistance of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University plays an important role in the development of the region. Conclusion. Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University really stands on the route to the social entrepreneurship development and influx of new technologies, introduction of innovative approaches, and becomes the center of social and project competencies of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, one of the leading drivers of social development and of social assistance of the region.

scholarly journals University Student and Faculty Needs, Barriers, and Expectations of International Efforts and Opportunities: A Closer Look at One Land-Grant University’s College of Agriculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Estes ◽  
Maggie Jo Hansen ◽  
Leslie D. Edgar
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methodology ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Future Research ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
International Experiences ◽  
International Learning ◽  
The University ◽  
Descriptive Survey

International academic opportunities have gained increased attention among students, faculty, and administration at American universities. It is important for agricultural students to have an awareness and understanding of agricultural policy and issues in the United States and other countries. Also, faculty who have personal and professional ties internationally are often the link for these students to engage in global experiences. This study used descriptive survey methodology to assess students (N = 773) and faculty (N = 85) at the University of Arkansas about their perceptions of international experiences, as well as what they saw as the most influential barriers and influencers to participating in international experiences. Students noted their parents (M = 3.30) as the most impactful influence for deciding whether or not to engage in an international experience, and cost (M = 3.92) was perceived as the most influential barrier to an international experience. Faculty noted money (84.2%) and time (80.7%) as barriers, and about one-half of the faculty wished to collaborate with institutions in Europe. Faculty perceived that institutional financial support should be provided to both faculty and students (74.1%). This study notes student influencers and barriers and faculty needs and provides recommendations for improving international learning experiences and opportunities for future research.

Recovering the Midwestern Ethos of Journalism Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Jane Yeahin Pyo ◽  
Nikki Usher
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Journalism Education ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
The University ◽  
Journalism Research ◽  
Back To The Land

This chapter is a reminder that practice and theory have gone hand in hand since the beginning of professional journalism. However, this history and this partnership have been lost somewhat, particularly when it comes to PhD research. By calling back to the land-grant mission at the universities home to the first schools of journalism in the United States (the University of Missouri, the University of Illinois, the University of Wisconsin), the chapter recalls how the focus on skills and on understanding mass communication was aligned with the mission of journalism education. The chapter examines the founding of the Institute of Communications Research at the University of Illinois and its PhD program that focused on applied journalism and mass communication research, explaining the role of legendary journalism scholar James Carey in recentering (and decentering) the tension between practice and research.

THE ROLE OF FOREST RANGER SCHOOLS IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES

1953 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-172
Author(s):  
H. W. Blenis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The University ◽  
School Training ◽  
Professional Foresters

Forest Ranger Schools are schools which offer technical, sub-professional forestry training at the vocational level. Data included in Part I of this paper was obtained from five Canadian and four United States ranger schools, whose graduates aggregate 1870 and 1233 respectively. Information necessary to Part II was obtained from seven government agencies and fourteen private companies in Canada and from three government agencies and nine private companies in the United States.Ranger school training should be essentially practical in nature. At the same time training should he sufficiently technical to provide the trainee with sound reasons for the approaches and techniques which he uses. It should also bring the graduate to the point where he speaks the same language as the professional forester and can appreciate the professional point of view.Ranger school training should not be considered as a substitute for, or a shortcut to, professional training at the university level. Nor should ranger schools be confused with, or assume the identity of, pre-forestry schools. The objective of ranger school training is to bridge the gap between the woodsman and the professional forester; when considered in this light it appears to be a distinct and separate phase of forestry training.There appears to be a need for technically trained men between the woodsman and forester levels. Ranger schools should be able to train men who would not become foresters to fill positions which would not be filled by foresters. Various government agencies and private companies have indicated that ranger school graduates complement professional foresters instead of competing with them. Ranger schools and their graduates appear to have made a worthwhile contribution to the profession of forestry and should continue to do so in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document