scholarly journals Spopad »dveh Španij« z vidikov socialne strukture španske družbe in razrednih nasprotij v njej

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Avgust Lešnik
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
The Social ◽  
Second Spanish Republic

CONFLICT BETWEEN "THE TWO SPAINS" FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE SPANISH SOCIETY AND CLASS OPPOSITIONS WITHIN ITThe following discussion focuses on the analysis of the Spanish society in the period between the First and the Second Republic (1875–1931), especially on the social structure and class oppositions within it as well as on identifying the causes leading to the irreconcilable political polarisation of the Spanish society during the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1936). The polarisation culminated in the parliamentary elections on 16 February 1936 and consequently led to the Civil War (1936–1939). The heterogeneity of the republican camp of the Popular Front was the reason for the multi-party Spanish socialism as well as the multi-party nature of the social revolution of 1936.

The Second Spanish Republic in soviet and russian studies: specificity, problems, interpretations

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-368
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Grantseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Ideological Attitudes

For many years, representatives of Soviet and then Russian historical science paid special attention to the period of the Second Spanish Republic and, especially, to the events of 1936-1939. The Spanish Civil War was and remains a topic that attracts the attention of specialists and influences the development of a multifaceted Russian-Spanish cultural dialogue. There are significantly fewer works on the peaceful years of the Republic, which is typical not only for domestic science, but also for the historiography of this period as a whole. Four key periods can be distinguished in the formation of the national historiography of the Spanish Republic. The first is associated with the existence of the Republic itself and is distinguished by significant political engagement. The second opens after 1956 and combines the continuity with respect to the period of the 1930s. and, at the same time, striving for objectivity, developing methodology and expanding the source base. The third stage is associated with the period of the 1970s-1980s, the time of the restoration of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Spain, as well as the active interaction of historians of the two countries. The fourth stage, which lasted thirty years, was the time of the formation of the Russian historiography of the Second Republic, which sought to get rid of the ideological attitudes that left a significant imprint on the research of the Soviet period. This time is associated with the active archival work of researchers and the publication of sources, the expansion of topics, interdisciplinary approaches. Among the studies of the history of the Second Republic outside Spain, Russian historiography has a special place due to the specifics of Soviet-Spanish relations during the Civil War, and the archival funds in our country, and the traditions of Russian historical Spanish studies, and the preservation of republican memory.

The Hybrid Regime in Post-Civil War Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksiri Jayasuriya
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dominant State ◽  
Hybrid Regime ◽  
Social Ethos

Following the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2010, the Sri Lankan political system has seen the rise of a ‘one-party dominant state’ and a ‘hybrid regime’. This new political order consists of a mix of democratic and authoritarian elements largely seen in countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. This essay examines the social and political changes introduced by the highly militarized regime led by Mahinda Rajapaksa, which has slanted towards a Kautilyan ideology and authoritarian constitutionalism. It is argued that Sri Lanka needs a glasnost, marking a new political and social ethos based on the principles of accountability, openness, transparency, freedom and justice.

scholarly journals Segunda República Española y prostitución: un modelo a tener en cuenta en la actualidad / Second Spanish Republic and Prostitution: A Model to Imitate in the Present

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-288
Author(s):  
Mercedes Rivas Arjona
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Law

ABSTRACTThe Second Republic in Spain was affected by numerous changes in all areas that affect as well greatly to the prostitution´s field. The modifications in the system of prostitution shall be based mainly in the law, sanitary-assistance and propaganda. These changes will count with clear previous historic events, will have a short life because the short period of republic-government, and affect, in some cases, to very specific sectors of the republican fields. Never the less, introduce innovation elements, that in the case to have won the Second Republic in the Spanish Civil War, maybe would had been affected deeply all reality about prostitution world. The action of republic-government can be used as example today to face a hard and complex problem. The innovative proposals, the action in few fields at the same times, and knowhow to build on the already built, they are the three elements more relevant of the policy to face the prostitution.RESUMENLa Segunda República en España estará marcada por numerosas reformas en todos los ámbitos que afectarán también de forma muy importante al mundo de la prostitución. Los cambios en el sistema prostitucional se asentarán principalmente en los campos legislativo, sanitario-asistencial y publicitario. Dichos cambios contarán con claros antecedentes históricos, tendrán un recorrido escaso dada la duración del gobierno republicano, y se circunscribirán, en algunos casos, a sectores muy concretos del imaginario republicano. Pese a todo, introducirán elementos tremendamente innovadores que, de haber triunfado la República en la Guerra Civil española, muy posiblemente hubieran trastocado profundamente todo lo relacionado con el mundo de la prostitución. Su actuación puede servirnos de ejemplo en la actualidad para hacer frente a un problema que encierra una gran complejidad. Las propuestas innovadoras, su actuación en varios campos al mismo tiempo y su saber construir sobre lo ya construido, son los tres elementos más destacados de sus políticas para hacer frente a la prostitución.

scholarly journals Intellectuals and commitment to global anti-fascism: The Second Spanish Republic according to Aníbal Ponce and Carlo Rosselli, 1935-1937

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-222
Author(s):  
Ricardo Pasolini ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
The Political ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
International Evaluation ◽  
Second Spanish Republic

Aníbal Ponce, the highest figure of Argentine Marxism in the 1930s, was in Paris participating in the Antifascist Intellectuals Vigilance Committee, and was sent to Spain as a member of an international evaluation commission of the repressive events in the Asturias Insurrection. When he returns to Argentina after presenting a report and making an initiatory visit to Moscow, he speaks on the Spanish situation, on the political limits of the Second Republic and on the recent triumph of the Popular Front and its challenges. There he posits the idea of the events in Asturias as victorious defeat, as a prelude to the coming revolution. Since his Parisian exile, Carlo Rosselli, the leader of the Italian anti-fascist movement Giustizia e Libertà, reflected critically on the Spanish experience, eventually leading an Italian legion on the Aragon war front. Ideologically closer to the anarchists than to the communists, Rosselli warns of the limits of revolutionary action in Spain, but anticipates a similar opinion to Ponce on the momentary defeat of the working class. In both cases, the Spanish experience leads them to consider the transition from speculation to action as the greatest possible destination for the intellectual class.

scholarly journals REVOLUSI SOSIAL DI SIMALUNGUN TAHUN 1946

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Hanif Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the factors that triggered a social revolution in Simalungun. Then to find out the process of a social revolution going on, and the impact it has on the social structure of Simalungun. The method used in this study is a historical method that includes 4 stages, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and explanation This research shows the findings; social revolution in Simalungun is a change in social structure with criminal actions based on the sentiments and revenge of certain groups.

scholarly journals Re-framing the Spanish Civil War as ‘Cultural Trauma’: When Responsibilities Get Blurred After Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Rafael Pérez Baquero
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Cultural Trauma ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Spanish History ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
The Social

The aim of this article is to address to what extent some institutional form of remembering the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) as a collective trauma could be considered an instance of Jeffrey Alexander and Neil Smelzer´s notion of ’cultural trauma‘. Or to put it in other words, in which sense the notion of cultural trauma may cast a new light on one of the different ways in which the Spanish Civil War was remembered and retold during the transition to democracy (1977-83). Spanish society remembered the war as a collective trauma, so painful that it encouraged society to promote a ‘pact of oblivion’ toward victims of Francoist repression. According to this traumatic memory, the Spanish Civil War was a ‘fratricidal struggle’, whose outbreak was a consequence of the tensions that underlie Spanish history. It led to the blurring of distinctions between victims and culprits because both sides were considered equally responsible. Therefore, everyone could claim the ownership of suffering. However, this representation did not fit in with the historical records; it was a consequence of the social influence of some ‘memory makers’ that developed new narratives and re-defined the ownership of suffering. Because of this divergence between the historical record of the war and society’s traumatic memory of it during the transition to democracy, I would like to analyse the possibility of studying the nature of the latter by means of the concept of cultural trauma. After all, Alexander´s critique of psychoanalytical insight into collective trauma could be useful when analysing traumatic historical experiences where it is not clear whether the traumatic nature of those memories come from the events themselves or from the cultural frames that attributed significance to those events.

scholarly journals Extensions of schooling environments into the local community, and social construction of democracy in Spain (1931-1939). Contributions made by the Freinet pedagogical movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-145
Author(s):  
José Luis Hernández Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schooling Practices ◽  
Schooling System

This article highlights the social nature of the Freinet movement in Spain during the period of the Second Republic (1931-1936) and the Civil War (1936-1939), and investigates the community-based aspect of its schooling practices. To begin with, we examine a number of aspects of Spain’s Freinet movement which help to see it as a social movement as well as a pedagogical one. Then, we study a) the main strategies employed by teachers to facilitate the social building of democracy through the schooling system, and b) the most significant extensions of the school into the local community, which helped break down the physical and symbolic barriers separating schooling institutions from the framework of ordinary citizens’ daily existence.

SECOND SPANISH REPUBLIC OF THE PRE-WAR PERIOD (1931-1936) AND HER MEMORY IN CINEMA IN SPAIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-323
Author(s):  
Javier Navarro Navarro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Second Spanish Republic ◽  
Franco Dictatorship ◽  
Made In

This article analyzes the memory and representation of the Second Spanish Republic, particularly its years in peace (1931-1936), in Span-ish fiction cinema and made in this country, from 1939 to the present day. The most common ideas and images in this vision of the Second Republic present in cinematography are studied, and the continuity / evolution or change in them throughout the Franco dictatorship, the Democratic Transition and to this day, taking as an example some films. Finally, some general conclusions are addressed that highlight a lower visibility of this period in Spanish cinematography in general compared to the period of the Civil War (1936-1939), as well as the persistence of certain stereotypes around the Second Republic.

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