Impact of Elevation - Glaciation - Tectonics on landscape characteristics of the watersheds in Bhagirathi valley, Garhwal Himalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Ahmad ◽  
Khatib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Garhwal Himalaya ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Terrain Attribute ◽  
Maximum Minimum ◽  
Terrain Characteristics

Terrain attributes of watersheds i.e., mean , maximum, minimum elevation, mean slope elevation, mean aspect, HI (Hypsometrical Integral), Plan and Profile curvature index were determined using ASTER DEM in Bhagirathi basin, Uttaarakhand. These attributes are used in  determine the impact of elevation, glaciations and tectonic processes on terrain characteristics of the watersheds.  The scatter diagrame between altitude and terrain attribute were used to analyse th impact of altitude and impact of glacition is revealed through Box Whisker diagram using moderate and fully glacier watersheds. The results indicated that permanent snowline altitude is important that determine the watershed  density in particular elevation and bear direct relationship with area and degree of glaciations. It is found that slope, STD of elevation in glacier basin, profile and plan curvature, relief influenced by glaciations. 

Organizational Justice and Employee Sustainability: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Mehreen Fatima ◽  
Zeeshan Izhar ◽  
Zaheer Abbas Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
The Impact

Purpose- The primary purpose of the study is to determine the impact of organizational justice (OJ) on employee sustainability. Along with that, it also describes how organizational commitment mediates this direct relationship. This study includes all dimensions of OJ which are distributive, procedural and interactional (interpersonal & informational) within the context of a developing country (Pakistan). Design/Methodology- This study has considered employees working in the banking sector of Pakistan. Two hundred ten questionnaires were received back from employees. Regression analysis was used to analyze direct relationships between variables, while smart partial least squares (PLS) were used for mediation analysis. Findings- Results demonstrated that all hypothesis were accepted and it was also confirmed that organizational commitment (OC) mediates the direct relationship between OJ and employee sustainability (ES). Originality/value- Multidimensional construct of organizational justice was tested in this study, in the context of a developing country (Pakistan), to address the research gap.

Pre-Impact Configuration Designing of a Robot Manipulator for Impact Minimization

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingchen Hu ◽  
Tianshu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Impact Force ◽  
Robot Manipulator ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Collision Problem ◽  
Spatial Operator ◽  
Inertia Ellipsoid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Minimum ◽  
Simple Analytical Formula

This paper studies the collision problem of a robot manipulator and presents a method to minimize the impact force by pre-impact configuration designing. First, a general dynamic model of a robot manipulator capturing a target is established by spatial operator algebra (SOA) and a simple analytical formula of the impact force is obtained. Compared with former models proposed in literatures, this model has simpler form, wider range of applications, O(n) computation complexity, and the system Jacobian matrix can be provided as a production of the configuration matrix and the joint matrix. Second, this work utilizes the impulse ellipsoid to analyze the influence of the pre-impact configuration and the impact direction on the impact force. To illustrate the inertia message of each body in the joint space, a new concept of inertia quasi-ellipsoid (IQE) is introduced. We find that the impulse ellipsoid is constituted of the inertia ellipsoids of the robot manipulator and the target, while each inertia ellipsoid is composed of a series of inertia quasi-ellipsoids. When all inertia quasi-ellipsoids exhibit maximum (minimum) coupling, the impulse ellipsoid should be the flattest (roundest). Finally, this paper provides the analytical expression of the impulse ellipsoid, and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors are used as measurements to illustrate the size and direction of the impulse ellipsoid. With this measurement, the desired pre-impact configuration and the impact direction with minimum impact force can be easily solved. The validity and efficiency of this method are verified by a PUMA robot and a spatial robot.

scholarly journals СЕЗОННА МІНЛИВІСТЬ БІОГЕННИХ РЕЧОВИН У РІЧЦІ ВОРСКЛА

2014 ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. І. Авраменко
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Impact

Розглядаються основні чинники, що найбільшевпливають на сезонну мінливість біогенних речовин урічці Ворскла. Встановлено, що важливу роль віді-грають природні циклічні коливання водного стоку ійого зарегулювання. Зазначено пряму залежністьміж життєдіяльністю гідробіонтів та сезоннимвмістом біогенних речовин у водоймах. Наведено ре-зультати досліджень із вивчення впливу гідробіологі-чних (фотосинтетичних) процесів та біологічногофактора на коливання значень вмісту біогенних ре-човин. Підкреслюється, що рівень вмісту біогеннихречовин лімітує розвиток біологічних процесів у воді.Визначено, що мінливість біогенних елементів у річ-ковій воді має чітко виражений сезонний характер.Встановлено залежність між величиною водногостоку й розвитком гідробіологічних процесів. Охарак-теризовано евтрофікаційні процеси річки Ворскла, зякої проводився збір агроекологічної інформації. Specified is the main factors that have the greatest impact on the seasonal variability of nutrients in the river Vorskla. Found that an important role is played by the natural cyclical fluctuations in water flow and its regulation of . Specified is a direct relationship between the vital functions of aquatic and seasonal content of nutrients in water bodies . The results of research on the impact of hydrobiological ( photosynthetic ) processes and biological factors on fluctuations in the values ​​of nutrient content . Emphasized that the levels of nutrients limiting the development of biological processes in the water. Determined that the variability of nutrients in river water has a distinctly seasonal. The dependence on the magnitude of water runoff and the development of hydrobiological processes.

scholarly journals Metal and Ligand Effects on Coordinated Methane pKa. Direct Correlation with the Methane Activation Barrier

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Guan ◽  
Ivy Liang ◽  
Christopher Zhou ◽  
Thomas Cundari
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Activation Barrier ◽  
Methane Activation ◽  
Coupled Cluster ◽  
Activation Barriers ◽  
Ligand Effects ◽  
3D Metals ◽  
Cluster Methods ◽  
The Impact

<p>DFT and coupled cluster methods were used to investigate the impact of 3d metals and ligands upon the acidity and activation of coordinated methane C–H bonds. A strong, direct relationship was established between the p<i>K<sub>a</sub></i> of coordinated methane and the subsequent free energy barriers to H<sub>3</sub>C–H activation. The few outliers to this relationship indicated other factors– such as thermodynamic stability of the product and ligand-metal coordination type – also impacted the methane activation barrier (dG<sup>‡</sup>). High variations in the activation barriers and p<i>K<sub>a</sub> </i>values were found with a range of 34.8 kcal/mol for the former and 28.6 p<i>K<sub>a</sub></i> units for the latter. Clear trends among specific metals and ligands were also derived; specific metals, such as Co<sup>I</sup>, as well as Lewis and p-acids consistently yielded higher acidity for the ligated methane and hence lower dG<sup>‡</sup>.<sup></sup></p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of changes in the stator magnetic circuit on static properties of the electromagnetic linear motor model

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Just ◽  
Paweł Piskur
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electro Magnetic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Minimum

In this paper, the static characteristics as a function of changes in geometric dimensions of the stator magnetic circuit of the linear stepper actuator with permanent magnets is presented. The stator is built from a series of cylindrical coils encapsulated with ferromagnetic case. The runner is made of permanent magnet rings connected with ferromagnetic spacers. The electromagnetic interac-tion between the stator and the runner for the sequential supply of coils was analyzed. The electro-magnetic force as a function of the geometry of the coils and the ferromagnetic housing for the con-stant graduation of the runner was determined. The maximum, minimum, and average values of the electromagnetic force as a function of the geometric independent variable were determined. The ratio of the mean force to the maximum, and mechanical work calculated as the integral of the force on the path of the runner was adopted as the evaluation criteria. A comparison between the maximum, average and relative values of forces as a function of the geometric dimensions of the stator was made. Keywords: modelling and simulation, linear actuator, finite element method, field calculations, cogging force, magnetic force.

scholarly journals Nepal, a multi-hazard risk country: Spatio-temporal analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Ganesh Kumar Jimee ◽  
Kimiro Meguro ◽  
Amod Mani Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Active Tectonic ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complex Geology

Nepal, though covers small area of the earth, exposes complex geology with active tectonic processes, high peaks, sloppy terrain and climatic variation. Combination of such geo-physical and climatic conditions with existing poor socio-economic conditions, unplanned settlements, rapidly increasing population and low level of awareness has put the country in highest risk to multi-hazard events. Fires, floods, landslides and epidemics are the most frequent hazard events, which have cumulatively caused a significant loss of lives and property every year. However, due to diversity in physiographic, climatic and socio-economic conditions within the country, the type, frequency and degree of the impact of such events differs in different places. During the period of 46 years (1971-2016), an average of 2 events have been occurred causing 3 deaths/missing every day. Disaster events occurred most frequently during the months of April, July and August, while relatively lesser number of events have been reported during January, November and December. However, earthquakes have been reported in different months, regardless with the season. This paper is an effort to analyse the spatial distribution and temporal variation of disaster events in Nepal. Further it has drawn a trend of disasters occurrence in Nepal, which will help the decision makers and other stakeholders for formulating Disaster Risk Management (DRM) plan and policies on one hand and heighten citizens’ awareness of against disasters on the other.

scholarly journals Motivational factors and job satisfaction of employees in agriculture in the context of performance of agricultural companies in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 402-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadežda Jankelová ◽  
Zuzana Joniaková ◽  
Anita Romanová ◽  
Katarína Remeňová
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
The Impact

The aim of our research is to identify how the effectiveness of motivation and job satisfaction of employees contribute to the success of agricultural companies in Slovakia. The research sample consists of 757 employees in agricultural companies in Slovakia. Baron and Kenny’s mediation model and regression ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) were also used. The hypothesis that the dependence of the business performance on the effectiveness of motivation of the employees is mediated by their job satisfaction has been confirmed. An important finding is that the direct relationship between the business performance of agricultural companies and the effectiveness of employee motivation is not significant. However, the variable that transmits this effect, respectively mediates the impact of the effectiveness of employee motivation on business performance, is the job satisfaction of employees. A significant relationship between the effectiveness of motivation was found mainly among financial motivators, which points to the problematic nature of this motivational setting. Significant influencing factors include age, education and job position. As the effectiveness of financial motivation and satisfaction was highest in these groups, it is possible to start applying new trends in employee remuneration to other groups that have not shown such a connection to such a significant extent.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Impact of Field and Image Registration Errors through Spatial Aggregation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hogland ◽  
David L.R. Affleck
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Spatial Aggregation ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Registration Errors ◽  
Spatial Registration ◽  
The Impact

Remotely sensed data are commonly used as predictor variables in spatially explicit models depicting landscape characteristics of interest (response) across broad extents, at relatively fine resolution. To create these models, variables are spatially registered to a known coordinate system and used to link responses with predictor variable values. Inherently, this linking process introduces measurement error into the response and predictors, which in the latter case causes attenuation bias. Through simulations, our findings indicate that the spatial correlation of response and predictor variables and their corresponding spatial registration (co-registration) errors can have a substantial impact on the bias and accuracy of linear models. Additionally, in this study we evaluate spatial aggregation as a mechanism to minimize the impact of co-registration errors, assess the impact of subsampling within the extent of sample units, and provide a technique that can be used to both determine the extent of an observational unit needed to minimize the impact of co-registration and quantify the amount of error potentially introduced into predictive models.

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