Using CFD Simulation for Urban Design Searching for Good Tropical Public Space and Thermal Environment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Xusheng ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Thermal Environment

scholarly journals What can urban design learn from changing winds? A case study of public space in Nanjing (1990s-2010s)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Qiuxia Xu ◽  
Zhen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pattern Complexity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Planning Decision

Climate is one of the prominent and persistent factors affecting the human habitat. During the recent urbanization, human society has left remarkable environment footprints including the macro- and micro- climates related to human settlement. It’s essential for urban planning decision-maker to contextualize people’s wellbeing in the public space and micro-climate changes. The adverse changes of micro-climate are usually related more to local developments than to global changes, with the causality relatively feasible to detect. Characteristic of openness, the open spaces play an important role as outdoor relaxation and wind corridor, which is precious yet vulnerable assets for the citizens’ wellbeing. Agglomerated and unintentional developments inevitably change the wind patterns which potentially affect public life. A longitudinal study of such circumstance will provide knowledge and lessons for sustainable and salutary urban design. Based on CFD simulation, this paper compared the static winter and summer airflows patterns of the Drum Tower area in downtown Nanjing during the period of 1990s-2010s. The results indicated that the wind pattern complexity increased gradually, the outdoor comfortability degraded dramatically in some areas, the environment inequity might be deteriorated too. The researcher suggests putting micro-climate issues firmly on the agenda of public wellbeing policy, involving various stakeholders in the assessment and urban design code with technical and social supports.

The Help-Yourself City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon C.C. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Urban Political Economy ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
Do It Yourself

When cash-strapped local governments don’t provide adequate services, and planning policies prioritize economic development over community needs, what is a concerned citizen to do? In the help-yourself city, you do it yourself. The Help-Yourself City presents the results of nearly five years of in-depth research on people who take urban planning into their own hands with unauthorized yet functional and civic-minded “do-it-yourself urban design” projects. Examples include homemade traffic signs and public benches, guerrilla gardens and bike lanes, even citizen development “proposals,” all created in public space without permission but in forms analogous to official streetscape design elements. With research across 17 cities and more than 100 interviews with do-it-yourselfers, professional planners, and community members, the book explores who is creating these unauthorized improvements, where, and why. In doing so, it demonstrates the way uneven development processes are experienced and responded to in everyday life. Yet the democratic potential of this increasingly celebrated trend is brought into question by the privileged characteristics of typical do-it-yourself urban designers, the aesthetics and cultural values of the projects they create, and the relationship between DIY efforts and mainstream planning and economic development. Despite its many positive impacts, DIY urban design is a worryingly undemocratic practice, revealing the stubborn persistence of inequality in participatory citizenship and the design of public space. The book thus presents a needed critical analysis of an important trend, connecting it to research on informality, legitimacy, privilege, and urban political economy.

scholarly journals Lively Social Space, Well-Being Activity, and Urban Design: Findings From a Low-Cost Community-Led Public Space Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Anderson ◽  
Kai Ruggeri ◽  
Koen Steemers ◽  
Felicia Huppert
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Empirical urban design research emphasizes the support in vitality of public space use. We examine the extent to which a public space intervention promoted liveliness and three key behaviors that enhance well-being (“connect,” “be active,” and “take notice”). The exploratory study combined directly observed behaviors with self-reported, before and after community-led physical improvements to a public space in central Manchester (the United Kingdom). Observation data ( n = 22,956) and surveys (subsample = 212) were collected over two 3-week periods. The intervention brought significant and substantial increases in liveliness of the space and well-being activities. None of these activities showed increases in a control space during the same periods. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of the research methods, and the impact of improved quality of outdoor neighborhood space on liveliness and well-being activities. The local community also played a key role in conceiving of and delivering an effective and affordable intervention. The findings have implications for researchers, policy makers, and communities alike.

scholarly journals Influence of Lawns on the Summer Thermal Environment and Microclimate of Heritage Sites: A Case Study of Fuling Mausoleum, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Gongwen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Actual Measurement ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The thermal environment and microclimate of heritage sites has been severely impacted by rapid urbanization. This study collected various meteorological measurement data as a reference for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation settings. Then CFD was applied to simulate the impact of lawns on the thermal environment and microclimate of Fuling Mausoleum. We found that lawns and soil can cool the air through evaporation, and thus have a specific cooling effect on the bricked ground. After lawns were planted, the bricked ground temperature decreased by 1.56–17.54°C than that before lawns were planted at 14:00, a decrease of 2.68%–24.20%. Under normal circumstances, when the wind speed or relative humidity increased, the ground temperature dropped. Greenbelt vegetation can adjust the microclimate and human thermal comfort indicators. The consistency of the difference between the actual measurement and the CFD simulation results shows that CFD simulation can thus accurately reflect the internal temperature field distribution if the selection of simulation parameters is reasonable. Theoretical calculation and analysis, experimental measurement research, and modern computer simulation analysis methods applied together constitute a complete system for studying modern physical environmental problems and can provide reliable and economic results.

scholarly journals Optimal thermal sensors placement based on indoor thermal environment characterization by using CFD model

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-641
Author(s):  
F Faridah ◽  
Sentagi Utami ◽  
Ressy Yanti ◽  
S Sunarno ◽  
Emilya Nurjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Outdoor Climate ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Optimum Sensor

This paper discusses an analysis to obtain the optimal thermal sensor placement based on indoor thermal characteristics. The method relies on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation by manipulating the outdoor climate and indoor air conditioning (AC) system. First, the alternative sensor's position is considered the optimum installation and the occupant's safety. Utilizing the Standardized Euclidean Distance (SED) analysis, these positions are then selected for the best position using the distribution of the thermal parameters' values data at the activity zones. Onsite measurement validated the CFD model results with the maximum root means square error, RMSE, between both data sets as 0.8°C for temperature, the relative humidity of 3.5%, and an air velocity of 0.08m/s, due to the significant effect of the building location. The Standardized Euclidean Distance (SED) analysis results are the optimum sensor positions that accurately, consistently, and have the optimum % coverage representing the thermal condition at 1,1m floor level. At the optimal positions, actual sensors are installed and proven to be valid results since sensors could detect thermal variables at the height of 1.1m with SED validation values of 2.5±0.3, 2.2±0.6, 2.0±1.1, for R15, R33, and R40, respectively.

scholarly journals The Virtual Public Thing: de-re-territorialisations of public space through shopping in Auckland’s urban space

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfredo Manfredini ◽  
Ross Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Urban Public Space ◽  
De Re ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Shopping Centres ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Urban Places

New recombinant factors emerging in urban public space counteract the increasing disjunction of urban places subject to commodification and privatisation. In low-density cities within neoliberal political frameworks, these factors have developed peculiar places of social relationship: the integrated urban enclosures devoted to lifestyle consumption that are the latest evolution of shopping centres. These enclosures are heterotopic places mobilised by spectacle that quickly subsume the fundamental changes occurring in the relations between architecture and associative life in our contemporary post-consumerist, digital era. The paper discusses a comparative analysis of the new mall typology recently introduced into Auckland, exploring the important challenge they pose to architecture and urban design in defining the future of public space.

scholarly journals Tourists’ Thermal Experience and Health in a Commercial Pedestrianized Block: A Case Study in a Hot and Humid Region of Southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xuan Ma ◽  
Jingyuan Zhao ◽  
Mengying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Humid Region

With the development of the economy in China, the tourism industry has become a form of daily entertainment for citizens. Commercial pedestrianized blocks have been designed as recreational centers for tourists, serving as outdoor public space and scenic spots. The use of these regions is directly determined by the outdoor thermal environment. So far, few studies have been conducted on tourists’ thermal experience in commercial pedestrianized blocks, especially in the hot and humid region of southern China. Using field measurement and numerical simulation of a commercial pedestrianized block in Fo Shan, China, to research tourists’ thermal experience under different conditions, the final results of this study could help to select the most suitable time for tourist travel and help local managers to improve the thermal environment.

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