scholarly journals Modelling growth in seven chicken genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
S. O. Peters ◽  
C. O. N. Ikeobi ◽  
M. O. Ozoje ◽  
O. A. Adebambo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Richards Model ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Mature Size ◽  
Early Phases

Three non-linear growth models were used to fit weight-age data for seven chicken genotypes: Comparisons were made among these models for goodness of fit, biological interpretability and computational case. Monomolecular and Richards Models overestimated body weight at the early phases of growth. All the three models underestimated the asymptotic mature weight but Gumpertz function gave a better estimate than the other two. Maturing rates were also variable and Richards Model gave the best estimate of K. Using these three non-linear models to describe growth rate of chest girth of the seven chicken genotypes yields a different result from that of the body weight. The point of inflection ranged from - 3 56 for FINA (F/Na) genotype to 28.26 for frizzled (Frx Fr) genotype. Genetic variations in rates of gain, maluring rute und mature size were observed. 

A general method for predicting the weight of water in the empty bodies of pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Emmans ◽  
I. Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
General Equation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
A Value ◽  
Mature Size ◽  
General Method

AbstractAs water is the major component of the pig body its accurate prediction is of importance in pig growth models. It has become conventional to predict the weight of water, WA kg, from the weight of protein, P kg. The purpose of this paper is to find how this can be done across pig genotypes of different mature size. The widely used equation to relate WA to P is of the form: WA = a.Pb. This equation is examined theoretically. It is concluded that the form of the equation is reasonable and, that while the value of the exponent b is likely to be constant across genotypes, the value of the scalar a is not. It is proposed that the value of the scalar a is best estimated as a = WAPRm Pm1·b where WAPRm is the water: protein ratio in the body at maturity and Pm is the weight of protein in the body at maturity. The value of the parameter WAPRm is assumed to be constant across genotypes with a value in the range of 3·04 to 3·20, depending on the methods used for measuring body composition. The general value of b = 0·855, taken from published work, is confirmed. A consequence of the argument quantified in the paper is that the value of a is predicted to vary from a = 4·69 for a pig with Pm = 20 kg to a = 5·36 for a pig with Pm = 50 kg. The general equation is expected to give more accurate predictions of the weight of water and, hence, of body weight, in models intended to predict pig growth, food intake, body composition and efficiency.

scholarly journals Disparities in the body, chest, and wing morphometric among three subspecies of local male chickens for genetic breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
H D Putranto ◽  
Nurmeiliasari ◽  
Y Yumiati ◽  
A M Nur
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Security ◽  
The Body ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Wing Span ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Local Chickens

Abstract Local chickens in developing countries, including Indonesia, have great potential to be developed into natural superior breeds to support food security and improve farmer welfare. Meanwhile, the major endemic subspecies found in the Bengkulu province are burgo and kampung chicken, as well as ketarras which are recently bred intensively. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the disparities in the morphometrics of three subspecies of local male chickens specifically on the body weight, length, chest girth and length, as well as wing span. Based on the results, the male burgo chicken morphometrical size was significantly smaller than ketarras, while the ketarras chicken was significantly smaller than kampung (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the average body weights for the burgo, ketarras and kampung chicken were 1.0, 1.2 and 1.9 kg cock-1, respectively, while the average of body length, chest and chest length, as well as wing span were 29.9, 40.0, 47.7 cm cock-1; 26.2, 30.1, 36.3 cm cock-1; 12.6, 17.8, 20.3 cm cock-1, and 34.4, 41.9, 55.9 cm cock-1, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that the burgo and kampung chicken have the smallest and biggest morphometric sizes respectively.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Arab and Oromo goats in northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumer Sheriff ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Aynalem Haile
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract Background An exploratory field research was conducted in northwestern Ethiopia, to characterize the morphological features of Arab and Oromo goat populations as an input to design community-based breeding programs. Ten qualitative and nine quantitative traits were considered from 747 randomly selected goats. All data collected during the study period were analyzed using R statistical software. Results Plain white coat color was predominantly observed in Arab goats (33.72%) while plain brown (deep and light) coat color was the most frequent in Oromo goats (27.81%). The morphometric measurements indicated that Oromo goats have significantly higher body weight and linear body measurements than Arab goats. Positive, strong and highly significant correlations were obtained between body weight and most of the body measurements in both goat populations. The highest correlation coefficients of chest girth with body weight for Arab (r  =  0.95) and Oromo (r  =  0.92) goat populations demonstrated a strong association between these variables. Live body weight could be predicted with regression equations of y  =  − 33.65  +  0.89  ×  for Arab goats (R2  =  90) and y  =  − 37.55  +  0.94  ×  for Oromo goats (R2  =  85), where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively, in these goat types. Conclusions The morphological variations obtained in this study could be complemented by performance data and molecular characterization using DNA markers to guide the overall goat conservation and formulation of appropriate breeding and selection strategies.

Characterisation of Salem Black goats in their home tract

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
A.K. Thiruvenkadan ◽  
K. Karunanithi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
The North ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
North Western

SummaryThe Salem Black is an important meat goat breed in the north-western part of Tamil Nadu, India. The native tract of this breed is the Salem, Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Erode, Karur and Namakkal districts of Tamil Nadu. Salem Black goats are tall animals, completely black in colour and reared mainly for meat. The average herd size of Salem Black goats was 31, of which there were 1 buck, 23 does and 7 kids The chest girth, body length and height at withers of Salem Black goats at full mouth age were 79.6±1.1 cm, 75.0±1.5 cm and 86.0±1.6 cm, respectively in males and 73.1 ±0.6 cm, 69.8±0.5 cm and 75.5±0.8 cm, respectively in females. The body weight of Salem Black goats at full mouth age was 38.5±1.0 kg in males and 29.5±0.6 kg in females. The average age at first mating was 9.5±0.4 months in males and 9.7±0.2 months in females, and the average age at first kidding was 14.8±0.2 months. The percentage of animals producing singles, twins, triplets and quadruplets was 54.1, 40.0, 8.2 and 0.4, respectively. Salem Black goats are allowed to browse extensively as a herded group for about seven to eight hours per day and are housed mostly (80%) during the night. Farmers kept breeding bucks, when available, in the herds at all times and exercised no controlled mating. The mortality rate in kids and adults was 7.5% and 2.3% respectively.

Prediction of body weights of Nellore sheep under field condition

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rani ◽  
B. Ekambaram ◽  
B. Punya Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nellore Sheep

Data on 1350 Nellore sheep of 2, 4, 6 and 8-teeth age, reared under field conditions in 12 mandals of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh were utilized for development of prediction equations and study the phenotypic association among body measurements and body weights. The coefficients of correlation between body weight with the height at withers, chest girth, paunch girth, hip width and body length were positive and high in magnitude in both males and females in majority of the age groups studied. Step-down regression equations were fitted to predict the body weight based on biometrical measurements at different ages. The height at withers, chest girth, paunch girth, hip width and body length have contributed significantly to the expression of body weights at the majority of the ages studied. High coefficient of determination (R2) value was observed in males at 6 and 8-teeth age as 88 per cent, while in females 50 per cent at 2-teeth age.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Arab and Oromo goats in northwestern Ethiopia: implications for community-based breeding programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumer Sheriff ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Aynalem Haile
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract Background: An exploratory field research was conducted in Northwestern Ethiopia, to characterize the morphological features of Arab and Oromo goat populations as a first step to design breeding programs. Ten qualitative and nine quantitative traits were considered from 747 randomly selected goats. All data collected during the study period were analyzed using R statistical software, version 3.5.2, 2018. Results: Plain white coat color was predominantly observed in Arab goats (33.72%) while plain brown (deep and light) coat color was the most frequent in Oromo goats (27.81%). The morphometric measurements indicated that Oromo goats have significantly (P < 0.001) higher body weight and linear body measurements than Arab goats. Positive, strong and highly significant (P < 0.001) correlations were obtained between body weight and most of the body measurements in both goat populations. The highest correlation coefficients of chest girth with body weight for Arab (r = 0.95) and Oromo (r = 0.92) goat populations demonstrated a strong association between these variables. Live body weight could be predicted with regression equations of y = -33.65 + 0.89x for Arab goats (R2 = 90) and y = -37.55 + 0.94x for Oromo goats (R2 = 85), where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively, in these goat types. Conclusions: The morphological variations obtained in this study could be complemented by performance data and molecular characterization using DNA markers to guide the overall goat conservation and formulation of appropriate breeding and selection strategies.

scholarly journals Analyzing Enzyme Kinetic Data Using the Powerful Statistical Capabilities of R

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly Huitema ◽  
Geoff Horsman
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Kinetics ◽  
Enzyme Catalysis ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Command Line ◽  
Enzyme Kinetic ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Statistical Program

AbstractWe describe a powerful tool for enzymologists to use for typical non-linear fitting of common equations in enzyme kinetics using the statistical program R. Enzyme kinetics is a powerful tool for understanding enzyme catalysis, regulation, and inhibition but tools to perform the analysis have limitations. Software to perform the necessary nonlinear analysis may be proprietary, expensive or difficult to use, especially for a beginner. The statistical program R is ideally suited to analyzing enzyme kinetic data; it is free in two respects: there is no cost and there is freedom to distribute and modify. It is also robust, powerful and widely used in other fields of biology. In this paper we introduce the program R to enzymologists who want to analyze their data but are unfamiliar with R or similar command line statistical analysis programs. Data are inputted and examples of different non-linear models are fitted. Results are extracted and plots are generated to assist judging the goodness of fit. The instructions will allow users to create their own modifications to adapt the protocol to their own experiments. Because of the use of scripts, a method can be modified and used to analyze different datasets in less than one hour.

scholarly journals Body weight and morphometric traits of fulani ecotype chickens in South Western Nigeria are closely related

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
O. J. Ogunshola ◽  
S. A. Daramola ◽  
O. B. Omotoso ◽  
O. I. Baki ◽  
C. A. Chineke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The native chickens constitute about 80 percent of the 120 million poultry birds found in Nigeriabut have not been adequately characterized. Thus, the study was undertaken to establish the relationship among body weight and morphometric traits of thirty six Fulani Ecotype chickens raised for 25 weeks. Body weights were collected per bird and the morphometric traits (body length, drumstick length, drumstick circumference, breast girth, nose to shoulder, shoulder to tail and height at withers) were measured with tape rule on weekly basis. The measured parameters were subjected to correlation and regression analyses. Analysis showed that positive and high significant correlation existed between body weight and morphometric traits (p< 0.01). The result showed that accuracy of prediction was attained with linear and quadratic models but quadratic model had theoretical advantage over the linearmodelwith respect to its goodness of fit to the data. This means that an increase in growth rate of the body parts would correspondingly cause an increase in live weight gain of the bird. In conclusion, body weight and morphometric traits could be used to separate males and females Fulani Ecotype chicken at 17 weeks old. At this age, males appeared bigger than the females and their combs were well pronounced, this would help both sexes to grow uniformly, prevent indiscriminate mating before attaining the age of sexual maturity and help in selection of Fulani Ecotype chicken for improvement in meat and egg production.

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