Effect of feed restriction period and strain on growth performance and haematological indices of pullet chicks

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
F. A. Adewole ◽  
O. A. Adeyemi ◽  
D. Eruvbetine ◽  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
L.T. Egbeyale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum

An eight weeks restricted feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of restricted feeding and strain on the growth performance and haematological parameters of two strains of pullet chicks. Five hundred and forty chicks comprising of Isa Brown (270) and Bovans Nera (270) strains were assigned to six treatments arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of Isa Brown and Bovans Nera on ad libitum (R ), skip-a-day (R ) and skip-2-days (R ) restrictions per week, respectively. Final live weight and weight gain of pullet chicks reduced (P < 0.05) with increasing level of feed restriction. Chicks on ad libitum showed improved (P<0.05) final live weight and weight gain. Results showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in feed intake and body weight of chicks due to restricted feeding. The birds maintained on R feed restriction group recorded the highest significant (p<0.05) values of final body weight (544.57g), feed intake per day (33.70g/day) and daily weight gain (9.82g/day). R birds recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher values of final weight, feed intake and weight gain when compared with R birds with final body weight of 480.84g, daily feed intake of 28.42g/day and daily weight gain of 8.48g. Furthermore, Bovans Nera pullet chicks recorded significantly higher (p<0.05) final weight and daily weight gain when compared with the Isa Brown birds of same age. The R pullets had significantly higher (p<0.05) white blood cells when compared with the R and R birds. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (0.52) was  significantly (p<0.05) lower with the Isa brown birds.

scholarly journals Photoperiod on growth and egg characteristics of the white leghorn chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Abdul Muumin Sadick ◽  
Iddrisu Mubarik ◽  
Dennis Kodzo Awalime ◽  
Rebecca Akumbilim ◽  
Philip Larweh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Final Body Weight

One hundred and twenty (120) 16 weeks old White Leghorn layer breeds were used for the study. The objective of the study was to determine effect of photoperiod on layer chicken. The research was carried out at the Poultry Section of the Animal farm of the Department of Animal Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Mampong. Four treatments made up of 12 hours of light, 14 hours of light, 16 hours of light and 18 hours of light were used for the study. Each treatment was replicated three times with 10 birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. Birds were exposed equally to common daylight and in the evenings, lights were turned on at specified periods. Growth parameters measured were initial body weight, daily feed intake, daily weight gain and final body weight. Egg traits measured were egg weight, albumen height, yolk color and yolk weight. The data collected were analyzed using General Linear Model procedure of Statistical Analysis System. Results from the study indicated that, varied photoperiod regimes had no significant (P>0.05) effect on initial body weight, daily feed intake but had significant (P<0.05) effect on daily weight gain and final body weight of growth traits. Photoperiod had no significant (P>0.05) effect on the egg characteristics of the white Leghorn layer bird. It was concluded from the study that, increasing photoperiod had no positive effect on growth and egg characteristics of the white Leghorn layer.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
M Tion ◽  
M. T. Orga ◽  
I. A. Adeka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

scholarly journals Influence of timing and duration of feed restriction on growth and economic performance of finisher broiler chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (55) ◽  
pp. 6976-6986
Author(s):  
OA Makinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cost Of Production

The study investigated different feed restriction programs during an 8-week broiler chicken growing cycle as a management strategy for reducing cost of production. Initially, 90 Hubbard day-old chicks fed ad libitum a commercial starter feed supplying 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal of ME/kg for 4 weeks. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to five different feed restriction programs (R0, R5, R56, R67 and R57) utilizing finisher diets supplying 19% crude protein and 2850 kcal of ME/kg from 5-8 weeks. Each program had three replicates and six birds per replicate. Unrestricted (R0) was the control where birds fed ad libitum. In R5, birds were restricted the 5th week; R56, 5th and 6th weeks; R67, 6th and 7th weeks, and R57, 5th and 7th weeks. However, all the feed-restricted birds fed ad libitum in the 8th week. Feed restriction involved feeding one-third feed intake of R0 birds starting from 14.00 to 18.00 h daily and performance parameters recorded. Feed restriction negatively affected growth performance as the severity of restriction increased. Final body weight, carcass weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake were similar (P>0.05) for R0 and R5 but higher than R56, R67 and R57. However, feed restriction did not significantly affect (P>0.05) carcass and breast yields or feed conversion ratio except for R67, the least (P<0.05) feed efficient. Feed cost, cost of production and revenue declined as the period of restriction increased. However, profit or profit/kg live weight, economic efficiency (EE) of feed and relative EE of feed were highest for R0 followed by R5, R56, R57 and R67 in that order. Generally, birds restricted for 1 week performed better than those restricted for 2 weeks and birds restricted continuously for 2 weeks before the last week of re-alimentation and slaughter were inferior to others. These results suggest that the duration and timing of feed restriction can reduce cost in broiler meat production without seriously affecting performance or economics of production depending on the restriction program applied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance characteristics, nutrient digestibility and carcass quality of broiler chickens fed Lacto acidophilus®as a replacement for a commercial antibiotic

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
E. Opoola ◽  
C. Z. Kahuwai ◽  
T. S. Olugbemi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight

An experiment was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Lacto acidophilus on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Two hundred and twenty five (225), one day old chicks were purchased from local commercial hatchery and were randomly divided into 5 groups and each group had 3 replicates of 17 chicks in a completely randomized design. Five iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous (ME 2998kcal/ kg and CP 23.21%) broiler starter and finisher (ME 2990 kcal/ kg and CP 20.33%) experimental diets containing 0, 150, 200 and 250g Lacto acidophilus® for T1-T4 respectively and T5 containing Oxytetracycline were formulated. Broiler starter and finisher diets were fed from 0-3 and 4-7 weeks, respectively. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Analysis System and significant differences between treatments means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. There were significant (P<0.05) difference in final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain (ADWG), total feed intake (TFI), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed cost/kg gain across the treatment groups. It was observed that chickens fed dietary Oxytet (oxytetracycline) had the best results in terms of the final body weight, weight gain and ADWG but similar to those fed 150 and 200g Lacto acidophilus® addition levels. The percentage dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ether extracts (EE) and ash retention increased with increase in Lacto acidophilus® inclusion with exception for 250gLacto acidophilus® inclusion (CP, CF, EE). However, it was observed that chickens fed dietary levels of Lacto acidophilus® had the best live weight, dressed weight and dressing percentage compared to the control group. It was concluded that chickens fe Lacto acidophilus® inclusion may as well compete favorably with antibiotics growth promoter fed chickens.     Une expérience a été menée pour évaluer l'efficacité de Lacto acidophilus sur la performance de croissance, les caractéristiques de la carcasse et la digestibilité nutritive des poulets de gril. Deux cent vingt-cinq (225), poussins d'un jour ont été achetés à l'écloserie commerciale locale et ont été répartis au hasard en 5 groupes et chaque groupe avait 3 répliques de 17 poussins dans une conception complètement randomisée. Cinq iso- caloriques et iso-azotés (le 'ME' 2998kcal/kg et le 'CP' 23.21%) démarreur et finisseur de poulet de gril (le 'ME' 2990 kcal/kg et le 'CP' 20.33%) des régimes expérimentaux contenant respectivement 0, 150, 200 et 250 g d'acidophilus lacto® pour le T1-T4 et le T5 contenant de l'Oxytetracycline ont été formulés. Les régimes d'entrée et de finisseur de poulet de gril ont été alimentés de 0-3 et 4-7 semaines, respectivement. Les données obtenues ont fait l'objet d'une analyse de la variance à l'aide du système d'analyse statistique et des différences significatives entre les moyens de traitement et ils ont été séparées à l'aide du test à distance multiple Duncan. Il y avait une différence significative (P<0,05) dans le poids final, le gain de poids, le gain de poids quotidien moyen (le 'ADWG'), la consommation totale d'aliments pour animaux (le 'TFI'), l'apport quotidien moyen en aliments pour animaux (ADFI), le ratio de conversion des aliments pour animaux (FCR) et le gain coût/kg des aliments pour animaux dans les groupes de traitement. On a observé que les poulets nourris oxytet alimentaire (oxytetracycline) ont eu les meilleurs résultats en termes de poids corporel final, gain de poids et de 'ADWG', mais similaire à ceux nourris 150 et 200g Lacto acidophilus® niveaux d'addition. Le pourcentage de matière sèche (le 'DM'), de protéines brutes (le 'CP'), de fibres brutes (le 'CF'), d'extraits d'éther (le 'EE') et de rétention de cendres a augmenté avec l'augmentation de lacto acidophilus® l'inclusion à l'exception de 250 glacto acidophilus® inclusion (CP, CF, EE). Cependant, il a été observé que les poulets nourris à des niveaux alimentaires de Lacto acidophilus® avaient le meilleur poids réel, le poids habillé et le pourcentage de vinaigrette par rapport au groupe témoin. Il a été conclu que les poulets feLacto acidophilus® inclusion peut aussi bien rivaliser favorablement avec les antibiotiques promoteur de croissance nourris poulets.

scholarly journals Effect of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and inulin supplementation on the performance of calves reared on milk replacer

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Szandra Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
The Individual

The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of mannan-oligosaccharides or inulin on HF dairy heifers’ starter feed intake and daily weight gain in farm situations. We measured these parameters across two experiments. In Trial 1 (T1), next to the control group, 15-15 HF heifers received MOS or inulin supplementation from 1st day of age to weaning. The amount of the supplementations changed according the calves’ age and the amount of milk replacer from 12 g to 24 g/calf/day. We measured the individual feed intake daily, the live weight at 0, 14, 21 and 60 days. In the second experiment (T2) we used 30 HF heifers also in three group (Control, MOS, Inulin) but we gave more from the experiment materials (28 g/calf/day MOS or Inulin). We started dosing the supplements with the colostrums feeding, and gave up on 14th day of age. We also measured the individual feed intake daily and the live body weight (BW) at 0, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days. The treatments in T1 did not cause significant differences in average feed intake, body weight and average daily weight gain. When the calves got the supplementation with colostrum too, the ADWG was significant lower in the group fed inulin than control and group fed MOS (P<0.05). We calculate the ADWG all of the experimental periods. From 0 to 14 day, and from 0 to 56 day the ADWG in inulin group was lower than control group, but the datas of group MOS did not differ from the others. Due to the distribution of the birth weights, the lower ADWG did not manifest in differences in body weight in other points of the experiments. We did not find an interaction between the treatments and the daily feed intake of calves. According with our measurements,

scholarly journals Effect of Different Level of Molasses Inclusion on Feed Intake, Body Weight Gain and Carcass Parameters of Afar Bull

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anwar Seid ◽  
Mohammed Yasin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Concentrate Mix

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing different levels of molasses concentrates mix with a basal diet of cultivated pasture hay on intake, body weight and carcass quality of Afar bull. The experiment included three bulls in each group and a total of 12 bulls with mean initial live weight of 158 ± 1.20 kg, were used for the experiment in a complete randomized block design (RCRD). The experiment was consisted of 180 days of feeding trial followed by carcass evaluation. The concentrate mix were 2:1 (wheat bran and Cotton seed cake) The CP content of the cultivated hay, concentrate mix and molasses were 9.16, 25.2, and 3.8 %, respectively. Results showed that, the mean final weight for Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, Tx4 were 271.65Kg, 255.83kg, 243.79kg and 239.50 respectively. Significant differences in daily body weight gain and final body weight among the treatment were observed but carcass parameters were not significantly recorded. The Tx1 and Tx2 have a tendency to achieve a higher average daily weight gain (ADG), final body weight, hot carcass weight and feed conversion efficiency compared with Tx3 and Tx4. From the present study, it can be concluded that, the inclusion of 20% molasses in the diet of a mixed ration of Afar bulls can be finished with good performance without adverse effect on health. Further studies are required on the effects of age and feeding duration on carcass characteristics of Afar bulls.

scholarly journals Ractopamine for finishing barrows fed restricted or ad libitum diets: performance and nitrogen balance

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 2375-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli ◽  
Elias Tadeu Fialho ◽  
Erin Caperuto de Almeida ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Paulo Borges Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Plasma Urea Concentration

Supplementation of 5 ppm of ractopamine, associated or not to feed restriction in diets with a high total lysine content (1.04%) was evaluated on performance and nitrogen balance. In experiment 1, 60 hybrid castrated male swine (76.2 ± 2.3 kg) were housed in pairs according to a randomized complete block design in a factorial treatment arrangement (2 ×2 + 1) with or without ractopamine supplementation, two forms of feeding, ad libitum and feed restriction with 1.04% lysine, and an additional treatment (control), with ad libitum feed without ractopamine with 0.8% lysine, amounting to five treatments and six replications. The final live weight, daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion for 28 days were evaluated. There were improvements in supplementation with ractopamine for final live weight, daily weight gain and feed conversion. The ad libitum feeding improved both final live weight and daily weight gain compared with ractopamine. Compared with the control, there was a decrease in feed conversion with ractopamine supplementation and improvement for final weight (FW) in the treatment with the ractopamine and ad libitum feed. In experiment 2, 30 hybrid castrated male swine (74.1 ± 2.5 kg) were housed in metabolism cages and fed the same experimental treatments to evaluate the percentages of absorbed nitrogen (Nabs), retained nitrogen (Nret), nitrogen retained from the absorbed nitrogen (Nret/Nabs) and the plasma urea concentration at 14 and 28 days. At 14 days, there was an increase in the Nret/Nabs and plasma urea concentration with ractopamine supplementation. Compared with the control, there was a decrease in the plasma urea concentration for feed restriction with ractopamine. At 28 days, there was an increase in the Nret/Nabs with ractopamine supplementation. Thus supplementation with 5 ppm ractopamine improved the performance and efficiency of swine nitrogen use. Feed restriction interfered negatively in weight gain, but it improved the efficiency of the nitrogen use of barrows.

scholarly journals Growth performance and haematological profile of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme (bio-enzyme)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
F. U. Udeh ◽  
S. U. Ilo ◽  
V. C. Udeh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and haematological profiles of broiler chickens served dietary inclusion of probiotics (Saccharomyces cereviasae) and enzyme (Bio-enzyme). One hundred and twenty, one day-old broiler chicks of Agrited strain were used for the study. The birds were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained 30 birds replicated three times to contain 10 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design experiment. The four dietary treatments were T1 Control (no probiotics and enzyme), T2 (had both probiotics and enzyme), T3 (probiotics only) and T4 (Enzyme only). The birds were given feed and water ad-libitum and the quantity of feed consumed each day was determined through weigh back techniques while the birds were weighed weekly throughout the experimental period. The experiment lasted eight weeks. The results showed significant (p<0.05) differences in the final body weight, total weight gain, average daily weight gain, total feed intake, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Chickens on treatment 2 had the highest final body weight of 3011.57g and performed better than chickens in other dietary treatments. Similar trend was observed in the haematological profile as treatment two were highest in value across the treatments and parameters measured except in packed cell volume where the highest value (36.33 %) was recorded in treatment 4. It was concluded from the study that treatment two which contained both probiotics and enzyme performed better and thus, recommended to farmers for broiler production.

The effects of oil palm leaf meal-based diets on the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
A.I. Ukanwoko ◽  
C.T. Alfred
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Palm Leaf

An experiment was carried out to determine the growth performance and haematological indices of Red Sokoto goats placed on oil palm leaf meal (OPLM)-wheat offal based diet. Six goats aged 12-18 months, weighing 15 – 20kg were randomly assigned to three treatments, comprising two animals each in a Completely Randomized Design. Each animal received 1kg of the diet daily for 56 days and weighed weekly. Results showed that final body weight was significant (P<0.05) with goats on T3 having the highest (21.50kg). The feed intake, body weight gain and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were significantly different (P<0.05). T3 had the highest feed intake (305.35g/d), highest body weight gain (90.84g/d) and the best FCR (3.36). Significant differences (P <0.05) were observed in the Red Blood Cell (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Haemoglobin (Hb) counts, ranging between 3.12 - 4.20x106ml; 23.00 -30.50% and 7.70 - 10.15g/dl respectively with goats on T3 having the highest.  The inclusion of OPLM enhanced body weight gain, FCR, RBC, PCV, and Hb counts of the goats. Therefore the oil palm leaf meal diets are recommended for better goat production. Key word: Growth performance; Oil Palm Leaf meal., Blood profile., Creatinine., Red Sokoto Goat.

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