scholarly journals Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Broiler Chicks (0 – 4 weeks) Fed Diets Containing Spurge Weed (Euphorbia heterophylla) Leaf Meal

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
S. O. Upah ◽  
A. I. Okwori ◽  
K. T. Orayaga
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Leaf Meal

Soya bean, a conventional plant protein source in poultry feeding has become so costly and occasionally scarce resulting in high cost of poultry feed. The replacement of soya bean is therefore necessary to improve production. This study evaluated the effects of Euphorbia heterophylla (Spurge weed) leaf meal (EHLM) on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of One Hundred and Eighty (180) Ross 308 strain of broiler chicks. They were randomly allotted to six (6) experimental diets with three replications of ten bird each and fed for 28 days. Diets were formulated such that EHLM was included as 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% levels for T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 which replaces soya bean meal in the basal diets. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results indicated that the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, average daily protein intake, protein efficiency ratio and average final live weight, were significantly different (P<0.05) among treatment groups while average feed conversion ratio and mortality were not affected. Digestibility coefficient of CP, CF, EE, NFE and Ash showed significant different(P<0.05) among treatment groups. However, bird fed T2, T3 and T4 digest nutrient efficiently compared with the control than T5 and T6. It was therefore concluded that upto 15% EHLM levels could be adopted for optimum growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chicks aged 0-4 weeks.     Le soja, une source conventionnelle de protéines végétales dans l'alimentation de la volaille, est devenu si coûteux et parfois rare, ce qui entraîne un coût élevé de l'alimentation de la volaille. Le remplacement du soja est donc nécessaire pour améliorer la production. Cette étude a évalué les effets de la farine de feuilles (EHLM) d'Euphorbia heterophylla (euphorbe ésule) sur les performances de croissance et la digestibilité des nutriments de la souche cent quatre-vingt (180) Ross 308 de poulets de chair. Ils ont été répartis au hasard dans six (6) régimes expérimentaux avec trois répétitions de dix oiseaux chacun et nourris pendant 28 jours. Les régimes ont été formulés de telle sorte que l'EHLM a été inclus en tant que niveaux de 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 et 25 % pour T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 et T6 qui remplace le tourteau de soja dans les régimes de base. Les données recueillies ont été soumises à une analyse de variance dans un plan complètement randomisé. Les résultats ont indiqué que l'apport alimentaire quotidien moyen, le gain de poids quotidien moyen, l'apport protéique quotidien moyen, le ratio d'efficacité protéique et le poids vif final moyen étaient significativement différents (P< 0,05) entre les groupes de traitement, tandis que le taux de conversion alimentaire moyen etla mortalité n'étaient pas affectés. Le coefficient de digestibilité de CP, CF, EE, NFE et Ash a montré une différence significative (P<0,05) parmi les groupes de traitement. Cependant, les oiseaux nourris avec T2, T3 et T4 digèrent efficacement les nutriments par rapport au témoin que T5 et T6. Il a donc été conclu que jusqu'à 15 % de niveaux d'EHLM pouvaient être adoptés pour des performances de croissance optimales et une digestibilité des nutriments chez les poulets de chair âgés de 0 à 4 semaines. 

scholarly journals Evaluating whole grain millet feeding in broiler-starter chicks at 0-21days post hatch

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
O. O. Adeleye ◽  
A. O. Oladotun
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Period Performance

A 21-d investigation was conducted to ascertain the effect of 50% whole millet grain replacement for milled millet on growth performance, gastrointestinal conditions and development in broiler chickens. Eighty-four one-day-old unsexed broiler chicks were randomly allotted to two treatment groups with 7 replicates of 6 chicks per replicate. Two diets; whole millet diet (WM), consisting of 50% of the millet provided as whole grain, and the ground millet diet (GM), as the control, were formulated and fed ad-libitum throughout the study period. Performance data: feed intake, daily live weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly, i.e. at 7, 14 and 21d, while gastrointestinal assessment: jejunal, digesta pH, relative weights of the proventriculus, gizzard, pancreas and liver, and jejunal and ileal morphometry were conducted on 21d. Similarities (p > 0.05) were observed in the growth performance, digesta pH and relative weight and length of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and caeca for chickens in both treatments. A 25.7% increase in gizzard weight was observed in chickens on WM, as well as significant (p < 0.05) increases in jejunal and ileal height and jejunal villus width were recorded on the chickens. A significant reduction in flock uniformity was observed in chickens fed the whole millet diet at 14d. It could therefore be concluded that 50% whole millet grain replacement for milled millet resulted in similar growth performance and improved gastrointestinal function and activity in 21-d post hatch chickens.

scholarly journals Performance, nutrient digestibility and feed cost benefit of finisher broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Crina poultry plus

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
R. S. Onabanjo
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Feed Cost

A study was carried out to determine the effect of Crina Poultry Plus®, a natural blend of essential oils and benzoic acid. on the growth performance, carcass yield and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens. Six treatment diets were formulated by the addition of Crina Poultry Plus (CPP®) at 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6g/kg of feed. Two hundred and forty day-old chicks were allocated to the six dietary treatments with each treatment having four replicates. Each replicate had 10 broilers. The parameters measured were live weight, live weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, protein efficiency ratio, carcass and organ    characteristics, nutrient utilization and feed cost benefit. Results of growth performance showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) across the treatment groups, but birds fed diets supplemented with CPP® had significantly heavier body weight (BW), higher average daily weigh gain live weight gain and similar feed conversion ratio when compared with the control group. The dressing percentage, thigh, drum stick, breast cut and back cut were not significantly (P>0.05) different across the treatment groups but those fed diet supplemented with CPP® had higher values when compared with the control diet. The supplementation of CPP® improved nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Birds fed diet containing 0.6g of CPP® had numerically lower cost per kg of weight gained compared to other treatment groups. It can be concluded that the addition of 0.6 g CPP® in broiler diets improved performance, carcass, organ characteristics and nutrient utilization of broilers.

scholarly journals The effects of instant noodles waste in diets for broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
A. O. Lala ◽  
A. O. Oso ◽  
A. O. Fafiolu ◽  
A. M. Bamigbose ◽  
D. Eruvbetine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Instant Noodles

The effects of instant noodles waste (INW) as a replacement for maize was investigated using 144 day-old, unsexed broiler chicks of Anak strain which were randomly assigned into four dietary treatment groups of 36 birds each. Each dietary treatment group had 3 replicates of 12 broilers per replicate. These four different diets were fed, in which INW replaced maize at 0% (control), 10, 20 and 30% from day old to 8 weeks of age. The growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematological parameters and carcass traits of the chickens were evaluated. Average final live from 1559.44 g to 1730.91g with broilers fed control diet and 30% INW diet recording the highest and least values respectively among the treatments. Broilers fed the 30 % INW had lower (P< 0.05) live weight. Broilers fed INW based diets had higher blood profile comparable to the control. The results indicated that INW can replace up to 20% of broiler starter diet and 30% replacement of maize at the finisher phase without adverse effects on growth performance of the broilers.  

scholarly journals Growth performance and fattening ability in castrated male and female East Balkan pigs reared organically in Strandzha mountain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Palova ◽  
Jivko Nakev ◽  
Teodora Popova ◽  
Maya Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract(An experiment with two groups of East Balkan pigs – castrated males (n=10) and females (n=10), was carried out to study the growth performance and fattening abilities of the animals from the weaning until slaughter. The pigs were included in the trial at 60 day age. The average live weight of the castrated males was 8. 65±1.08 kg and for the females, 8.5±0.62 kg.The pigs were reared using traditional technology, grazing on natural pastures in the Strandzha mountain, Bulgaria. In autumn, acorns were naturally present in their diet. According to the category, the animals additionally received ground organic feed (50% barley and 50% wheat). The trial lasted 304 days (from February to November, 2019). During this period the final live weight of the male castrated pigs reached 88.00 kg while that of the females was 84.4 kg. The difference, however, was not significant. Furthermore, no significant differences in the growth performance characteristics that could be attributed to the sex of the animals were observed. The average daily gain of both sexes tended to be lower in summer and higher in autumn. The feed conversion ratio was higher in summer. The animals showed high average daily weight gain at pasture when their live weight was over 50 kg.

Haematology and growth performance characteristics of broiler birds fed abattoir wastes (bovine blood and rumen content)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. A. Ekine
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight

This study was conducted to assess the effects of abattoir wastes (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) on the haematology and growth performance characteristics of broiler birds. One hundred and twenty (120) unsexed day old Abor acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments and replicated 3 times in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. Four experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirement of broilers such that the birds were fed sundried abattoir waste (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) included at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% representing Diet 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, with Diet 1 as the control. Each dietary treatment consists of 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. The experimental diets and clean water were supplied at- libitum throughout the experimental period. Data were collected on feed intake, daily weight gain, final body weight, weight gain. Feed conversion ratios were calculated. Blood samples for hematology was collected, analyzed and recorded. At the end of the 56 days feeding trials, data collected on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed that mixtures of bovine blood and rumen content significantly (P<0.05) improved the final weight (1767.02g -1931.44g), weight gain (1367.02g -1528.44g), feed intake (107.47g -118.99g) and feed conversion ratio (4.87 – 4.08) of the broilers. Significant (P<0.05) improvements were observed on the RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, eosinophyls and the lymphocytes of the haematological parameters of the broilers. These results showed the complementary potentials of bovine blood and rumen content mixture in broiler diets, which can be included up to 15% in the ration of broilers without detrimentally affecting the growth performance and haematology of the broilers.

Influence of Dietary Substitution of Palm Oil by Rapeseed Oil at Different Levels on Growth Performance and Economics of Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudharsan ◽  
S. Senthil Murugan ◽  
Biju Chacko ◽  
Sanis Juliet ◽  
Suresh N. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Diets

Background: Fat and oil are commonly used in poultry diets to increase energy density and also to increase the palatability of feed, feed efficiency and for deposition of fat in broilers. Thus a study was proposed to find the effects of dietary replacement of saturated fatty acid rich palm oil (PO) by omega-3 rich rapeseed oil (RO) on growth performance and economics in broilers. Method: The growth performance feeding trial was conducted in 160 day-old broilers (vencobb 400) with four treatment groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) with four replicates of ten chicks each. The basal diet (R1) was prepared with palm oil included at the rate of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 per cent in pre-starter, starter and finisher ration, respectively and fed to G1. The other treatment groups G2, G3 and G4 received R2, R3 and R4 experimental rations respectively. The experimental rations R2, R3 and R4 were prepared with rapeseed oil replacing 25, 50 and 100 per cent of palm oil which was included in R1. Result: The broiler ration prepared with rapeseed oil at 50 and 100 per cent level (G3 and G4) replacing palm oil showed increased body weight gain (P less than 0.01) and better feed conversion ratio (P less than 0.05) than G1 group. There was no significant difference in the feed intake among the different treatment groups. Profit per kg live weight in G3 (Rs.12.06) and G4 (Rs.11.14) was more than G1 (Rs.8.21) and G2 (Rs.6.57). The supplementation of omega-3 rich rapeseed oil had significantly improved the performance of broilers.

Effect of sex on growth performance, nutrient utilizationand carcass characteristics in cross bred pigs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowher Gull Sheikh ◽  
R.P.S. Baghel ◽  
Sunil Nayak ◽  
Aijaz Ahmad Ganie
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nonsignificant Difference ◽  
Gender Groups

A study was carried on 24 piglets (Large White York Shire × Desi) of an average initial weight of 20 kg of three gender groups, barrows, boars and gilts consisted of eight pigs each, of comparable body weight fattened from 20-48 kilograms (growing) to 49-96 kilograms (finishing) to see the effect of gender on growth performance, nutrient utilization and carcass traits. When comparing feed intake at the growing stage, gilts consumed significantly more (P less than 0.05) feed than boars and barrows. There was no significant difference in average daily weight gain among barrows, boars and gilts in growing and finishing stage. Gilts had significantly higher (P less than 0.05) feed conversion ratio than boars in growing period and barrows in finishing period. Nutrient digestibility was similar except crude protein among groups. Fasting weight and weight after bleeding was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in gilts with nonsignificant difference between barrows and boars. Sex has no significant effect on evisceration weight, dressing percentage and carcass length in pigs. Carcass backfat of barrows was significantly thicker (P less than 0.05) than that of boars and gilts, however, the loin eye area was significantly larger (P less than 0.05) in gilts than boars and barrows. There were no significant differences among groups concerning the proportions of ham, under cut, bacon and rib chop however, shoulder and loin percentages were higher (P less than 0.05) in gilts than boars and barrows.

scholarly journals ​Effect of Inclusion of Moringa oliefera Leaf Meal on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Deccani Lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Bhokre ◽  
N. Rajanna ◽  
A. Sarat Chandra ◽  
D. Nagalakshmi ◽  
D.B.V. Ramana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

Background: Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a highly valued plant grown in tropical and subtropical countries. Moringa has a high amount of crude protein, a well-balanced amino acid profile, vitamins and minerals and fewer quantities of antinutritive factors. Methods: Eighteen growing Deccani lambs of uniform body weight (14.22±1.5 kg) and age were randomly allotted to three treatment groups viz., 100 per cent groundnut cake (T1), 75% groundnut cake+ 25% Moringa oliefera leaf meal (T2) and 50% groundnut cake+ 50% M. oliefera leaf meal (T3) as a protein source in the concentrate mixture. The experiment was conducted for 90 days. Result: No significant difference was found in the fortnightly body weights of the lambs from 1st to 6th fortnights among three dietary groups. Total weight gain and Average Daily gain (ADG) were significant (P less than 0.01) among the treatment groups whereas DMI (kg/day), per 100 kg and FCR was non-significant. The digestibility coefficients (%) of all nutrients were non-significant (P greater than 0.05) except the NFE. Pre-slaughter weight, empty body weight, hot carcass weights and dressing percent on pre-slaughter weight and empty body weight were comparable among the three groups. Results of the present study indicated that inclusion of 25% Moringa oleifera leaf meal in concentrate mixture proved to be superior and improved the growth performance, digestibility of nutrients and carcass traits without any adverse effects on experimental lambs.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing Amarula (Sclerocarya Birrea A. Rich) Nut Cake as Replacement To Soybean Meal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggy Palesa Mabena ◽  
Moses Ratsaka ◽  
Thobela Nkukwana ◽  
Ingrid Malebana ◽  
Douglas Nkosi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Sclerocarya Birrea

Abstract This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were stratified by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the five experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and fibre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

scholarly journals Feeding value of raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal on the growth performance of local pullet chicks

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. U. Amaefule ◽  
C. O. Okereke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Pea Seed

A total of 324 local pullet chicks (1- 8 weeks) were used for the research project to evaluate the feeding value of raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal (PSM) on their growth performance. Nine iso-caloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated, with raw and boiled pigeon pea seed meal at inclusion levels of 0%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, respectively. There were 36 chicks per treatment replicated into 3 at 12 chicks per replicate. There were significant interactions between form and PSM levels on the final live weight, daily feed intake and daily protein intake. Final live weight of pullets fed both raw and boiled PSM followed the same trend, pullets fed control (0%) and 15% raw PSM 128.10 and 132.33g respectively performed better than the rest of the treatment levels but statistically similar at all levels. Daily feed intake and daily protein intake showed significant interaction among the treatments. Pullets fed control (8.95g) and raw diets (8.79g) consumed more feed than pullets fed boiled PSM II (105.05g), III (117.77g) IV (91.27g) and V (112.80g) diets. Daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio had no significant (P>0.05) interaction between form and treatment groups for the pullets. 30% PSM raw or boiled can be fed to local pullet chicks without any deleterious effect on the growth performance.

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