scholarly journals PERANAN VARIASI PERFORATED PLATE BURNER PADA PEMBAKARAN PREMIXED MINYAK KELAPA MURNI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK NYALA API

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Agil Aristyanto
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Bunsen Burner

Terdapat berbagai macam metode untuk menentukan dan mengukur besarnya kecepatan pembakaran laminer salah satunya menggunakan metode bunsen burner dengan penambahan perforated plate untuk mendapatkan pembakaran api yang efektif, singkat dan nyala api lebih stabil. Utamanya untuk merespon regulasi emisi gas hasil pembakaran. Selain masalah emisi gas, masalah keterbatasan bahan bakar fosil juga menjadi masalah yang penting . Kebutuhan bahan bakar minyak akan bertambah seiring meningkatnya pembangunan. Hingga saat ini banyak dikembangkan bahan bakar alternative dari minyak nabati yang mengandung gliserol dan asam lemak (Wirawan, Wardana, Soenoko, & Wahyudi, 2014). Penelitian ini menggunakan uap minyak kelapa yang dicampur dengan udara pada perforated plate burner untuk menghasilkan nyala api premixed. Variasi AFR yang digunakan adalah 6,7; 9,6; 11,9; 13,7; 15,4; 16,8; 18,9 dan 19,4 untuk menghasilkan equivalence ratio yang bervariasi. Untuk variasi perforated plate adalah 7, 9 dan 11. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah banyaknya jumlah perforated plate mempengaruhi pada bentuk nyala api pada pembakaran premixed lebih transparan, jernih dan nyala api nampak seperti kelopak bunga. Pada campuran miskin (equivalence ratio < 1) dengan pengaruh banyaknya jumlah perforated plate kecepatan pembakaran api lebih tinggi, sehingga temperatur yang dihasilkan jadi meningkat daripada jumlah perforated plate sedikit, namun pada tinggi nyala api semakin rendah dengan jumlah perforated plate lebih banyak.

scholarly journals Premixed Combustion of Coconut Oil on Perforated Burner

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
I.K.G. Wirawan ◽  
I.N.G. Wardana ◽  
Rudy Soenoko ◽  
Slamet Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Laminar Flame ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Flame Velocity ◽  
Bunsen Flame ◽  
Rich Mixture

Coconut oil premixed combustion behavior has been studied experimentally on perforated burner with equivalence ratio (φ) varied from very lean until very rich. The results showed that burning of glycerol needs large number of air so that the laminar burning velocity (SL) is the highest at very lean mixture and the flame is in the form of individual Bunsen flame on each of the perforated plate hole. As φ is increased the  SL decreases and the secondary Bunsen flame with open tip occurs from φ =0.54 at the downstream of perforated flame. The perforated flame disappears at φ = 0.66 while the secondary Bunsen flame still exist with SL increases following that of hexadecane flame trend and then extinct when the equivalence ratio reaches one or more. Surrounding ambient air intervention makes SL decreases, shifts lower flammability limit into richer mixture, and performs triple and cellular flames. The glycerol diffusion flame radiation burned fatty acids that perform cellular islands on perforated hole.  Without glycerol, laminar flame velocity becomes higher and more stable as perforated flame at higher φ. At rich mixture the Bunsen flame becomes unstable and performs petal cellular around the cone flame front. Keywords: cellular flame; glycerol; perforated flame;secondary Bunsen flame with open tip; triple flame

scholarly journals Combustion Characteristics for Turbulent Prevaporized Premixed Flame Using Commercial Light Diesel and Kerosene Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Shehata ◽  
Mohamed M. ElKotb ◽  
Hindawi Salem
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Gas Flow Velocity

Experimental study has been carried out for investigating fuel type, fuel blends, equivalence ratio, Reynolds number, inlet mixture temperature, and holes diameter of perforated plate affecting combustion process for turbulent prevaporized premixed air flames for different operating conditions. CO2, CO, H2, N2, C3H8, C2H6, C2H4, flame temperature, and gas flow velocity are measured along flame axis for different operating conditions. Gas chromatographic (GC) and CO/CO2infrared gas analyzer are used for measuring different species. Temperature is measured using thermocouple technique. Gas flow velocity is measured using pitot tube technique. The effect of kerosene percentage on concentration, flame temperature, and gas flow velocity is not linearly dependent. Correlations for adiabatic flame temperature for diesel and kerosene-air flames are obtained as function of mixture strength, fuel type, and inlet mixture temperature. Effect of equivalence ratio on combustion process for light diesel-air flame is greater than for kerosene-air flame. Flame temperature increases with increased Reynolds number for different operating conditions. Effect of Reynolds number on combustion process for light diesel flame is greater than for kerosene flame and also for rich flame is greater than for lean flame. The present work contributes to design and development of lean prevaporized premixed (LPP) gas turbine combustors.

Multiphysics Computational Analysis of a Perforated Plate Cooling Flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M. Pesich ◽  
Nicholas J. Georgiadis ◽  
Mark P. Wernet
Keyword(s):  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Cooling Flow

PROPAGATION OF THE BURNING WAVE IN A PULSED DETONATION COMBUSTOR OPERATING ON MIXTURES OF HEPTANE AND JET A-1 WITH AIR AND OXYGEN AT [O2/AIR] < 1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. ASSAD ◽  
◽  
O. G. PENYAZKOV ◽  
I. I. CHERNUHO ◽  
K. ALHUSSAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Combustion Wave ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Burning Wave ◽  
Pulsed Detonation ◽  
Combustion Wave Propagation ◽  
Fuel Jet

This work is devoted to the study of the dynamics of combustion wave propagation in oxygen-enriched mixtures of n-heptane with air and jet fuel "Jet A-1" in a small-size pulsed detonation combustor (PDC) with a diameter of 20 mm and a length less than 1 m. Experiments are carried out after the PDC reaches a stationary thermal regime when changing the equivalence ratio (ϕ = 0.73-1.89) and the oxygen-to-air ratio ([O2/air] = 0.15-0.60). The velocity of the combustion wave is determined by measuring the propagation time of the flame front between adjacent pressure sensors that form measurement segements along the PDC.

Evaluation of NO emissions characteristics in a CO2-Free micro-power system by implementing a perforated plate

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 111150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Cai ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Yuze Sun ◽  
Siliang Ni ◽  
Weixuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Perforated Plate ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
No Emissions

scholarly journals Interaction of equivalence ratio fluctuations and flow fluctuations in acoustically forced swirl flames

2021 ◽  
pp. 175682772110155
Author(s):  
Vincent Kather ◽  
Finn Lückoff ◽  
Christian O. Paschereit ◽  
Kilian Oberleithner
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Fluctuations ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Acoustic Forcing

The generation and turbulent transport of temporal equivalence ratio fluctuations in a swirl combustor are experimentally investigated and compared to a one-dimensional transport model. These fluctuations are generated by acoustic perturbations at the fuel injector and play a crucial role in the feedback loop leading to thermoacoustic instabilities. The focus of this investigation lies on the interplay between fuel fluctuations and coherent vortical structures that are both affected by the acoustic forcing. To this end, optical diagnostics are applied inside the mixing duct and in the combustion chamber, housing a turbulent swirl flame. The flame was acoustically perturbed to obtain phase-averaged spatially resolved flow and equivalence ratio fluctuations, which allow the determination of flux-based local and global mixing transfer functions. Measurements show that the mode-conversion model that predicts the generation of equivalence ratio fluctuations at the injector holds for linear acoustic forcing amplitudes, but it fails for non-linear amplitudes. The global (radially integrated) transport of fuel fluctuations from the injector to the flame is reasonably well approximated by a one-dimensional transport model with an effective diffusivity that accounts for turbulent diffusion and dispersion. This approach however, fails to recover critical details of the mixing transfer function, which is caused by non-local interaction of flow and fuel fluctuations. This effect becomes even more pronounced for non-linear forcing amplitudes where strong coherent fluctuations induce a non-trivial frequency dependence of the mixing process. The mechanisms resolved in this study suggest that non-local interference of fuel fluctuations and coherent flow fluctuations is significant for the transport of global equivalence ratio fluctuations at linear acoustic amplitudes and crucial for non-linear amplitudes. To improve future predictions and facilitate a satisfactory modelling, a non-local, two-dimensional approach is necessary.

scholarly journals Emission Characteristics for Swirl Methane–Air Premixed Flames with Ammonia Addition

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Joanna Jójka ◽  
Rafał Ślefarski
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
Ammonia Addition ◽  
Swirl Flame ◽  
Reactor Network ◽  
No Emissions

This paper details the experimental and numerical analysis of a combustion process for atmospheric swirl burners using methane with added ammonia as fuel. The research was carried out for lean methane–air mixtures, which were doped with ammonia up to 5% and preheated up to 473 K. A flow with internal recirculation was induced by burners with different outflow angles from swirling blades, 30° and 50°, where tested equivalence ratio was 0.71. The NO and CO distribution profiles on specified axial positions of the combustor and the overall emission levels at the combustor outlet were measured and compared to a modelled outcome. The highest values of the NO emissions were collected for 5% NH3 and 50° (1950 ppmv), while a reduction to 1585 ppmv was observed at 30°. The doubling of the firing rates from 15 kW up to 30 kW did not have any great influence on the overall emissions. The emission trend lines were not proportional to the raising share of the ammonia in the fuel. 3D numerical tests and a kinetic study with a reactor network showed that the NO outlet concentration for swirl flame depended on the recirculation ratio, residence time, wall temperature, and the mechanism used. Those parameters need to be carefully defined in order to get highly accurate NO predictions—both for 3D simulations and simplified reactor-based models.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document