Modeling of the power generation from wind turbines with high spatial and temporal resolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhold Lehneis ◽  
David Manske ◽  
Björn Schinkel ◽  
Daniela Thrän
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
High Temporal Resolution

<p>The share of wind power in the generation of electricity has increased significantly in recent years and, despite its volatility, variable energy from wind turbines has become an essential pillar for the power supply in many countries around the world. To investigate the effects of increasing variable renewables on power grids, the environment or electricity markets, detailed power generation data from wind turbines with high spatial and temporal resolution are often mandatory. The lack of freely accessible feed-in time series, for example due to data protection regulations, makes it necessary to determine the wind power feed-in for a required region and period with the help of numerical simulations. Our contribution demonstrates how such a numerical simulation can be developed using publicly available wind turbine and weather data. Herein, a novel model approach will be presented for the wind-to-power conversion, which utilizes a sixth-order polynomial for the specific power curve of a wind turbine. After such an analytical representation is derived for a certain turbine, its output power can be easily calculated using the wind speed and air temperature at its hub height. For proof of concept and model validation, measured feed-in time-series of a geographically and technically known wind turbine are compared with the simulated time-series at a high temporal resolution of 10 minutes. In order to determine the power generation for larger regions or an entire country the derived numerical simulation is also carried out for an ensemble of almost 26 thousand onshore wind turbines in Germany with a total capacity of about 44 GW. With this ensemble, first simulation results with municipal and hourly resolution can be presented for an annual period.</p>

Power Generation From Wind Turbines in a Solar Chimney

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tudor Foote ◽  
Ramesh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Boussinesq Approximation ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Wind Speeds

In past several years, several studies have shown that the shrouded wind turbines can generate greater power compared to bare turbines. A solar chimney not only generates an upward draft of the wind inside the solar tower but also creates a shroud around the wind turbine. There is large number of empty silos on farms, especially in mid-western U.S. They can be used as a solar chimney with minor modifications at very modest cost. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of these silos/chimneys in generating wind-power by installing a wind turbine inside the silo. An analytical/computational study is performed to evaluate this potential by employing the well known commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT. An actuator disc model is used to model the turbine. Calculations are performed for three cases using the dimensions of a typical silo and assuming Class 3 wind velocity: (a) bare turbine (without enclosing silo), (b) turbine enclosed by a cylindrical silo, and (c) the turbine enclosed by the cylindrical silo with a diffuser at the top of the silo. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with Boussinesq approximation and a two equation realizable k–ε model are employed in the calculations. Cp and generated power are calculated for the three cases. It was found that the silo increases the Cp beyond the Betz’s limit significantly and as a result the generated power; this effect is consistent with that found in the recent literature that the shrouded wind-turbines can generate greater power than the bare turbines. The inclusion of a diffuser on top of the silo further increases the generated power and Cp. The results reported here are for typical silo dimensions and wind speeds; the results for silos with different dimensions and wind speeds can be easily generated. This study shows the potential of using abandoned silos in mid-west for wind power generation.

The role of spatial resolution of climate data for the quality of simulated wind power generation – A multi-country analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Gruber ◽  
Johann Baumgartner ◽  
Claude Klöckl ◽  
Peter Regner ◽  
Johannes Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Coarse Spatial Resolution

<p>Integration of a high share of renewables into the energy system comes with its implications. In order to study long and short-term effects on the electrical system, long time series of power generation with high spatial resolution are necessary. In recent years, reanalysis data have become a popular resource for obtaining these power generation datasets, however with the drawback of a rather coarse spatial resolution of several kilometres (MERRA-2: approx. 50km, ERA5: approx. 31 km). In order to overcome this limitation, reanalysis datasets can be combined with other datasets with a higher spatial resolution.</p><p>In the present study, we assess whether applying the Global Wind Atlas (GWA) developed by the Technical University of Denmark with a spatial resolution of 1 km can improve wind power generation simulated from two reanalysis (MERRA-2 and ERA5)  datasets when compared to observed power generation. Furthermore, these two reanalysis datasets are compared to determine how different spatial resolution of underlying reanalysis datasets affects the resulting time series. Wind power generation is simulated from reanalysis wind speeds based on a physical model. For wind speed bias correction to specific locations, mean wind speeds are approximated to GWA wind speeds. A turbine-specific power curve model scaled by the turbine specific power is applied to account for different technical performance. The analysis is conducted for different regions of the world (USA, Brazil, Austria, South Africa) and for different spatial and temporal levels, to determine how different datasets perform on different spatio-temporal scales.</p><p>Preliminary results show that bias correction with the GWA has a positive impact on simulation results for MERRA-2, the dataset with lower spatial resolution, while the effect for ERA5 is ambiguous. The error between simulated and observed wind power generation time series can be decreased by spatial and temporal aggregation and a positive, but not very strong correlation between system size (defined by a wind-correlation indicator) and simulation quality (higher correlation, lower error measures) could be identified.</p><p>Based on these results, we recommend applying additional wind speed bias correction on datasets with rather coarse spatial resolution, while the quality of newer datasets with high spatial resolution may be sufficient to be used without additional bias correction.</p>

scholarly journals Modeling of the German Wind Power Production with High Spatiotemporal Resolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Reinhold Lehneis ◽  
David Manske ◽  
Daniela Thrän
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
High Degree

Wind power has risen continuously over the last 20 years and covered almost 25% of the total German power provision in 2019. To investigate the effects and challenges of increasing wind power on energy systems, spatiotemporally disaggregated data on the electricity production from wind turbines are often required. The lack of freely accessible feed-in time series from onshore turbines, e.g., due to data protection regulations, makes it necessary to determine the power generation for a certain region and period with the help of numerical simulations using publicly available plant and weather data. For this, a new approach is used for the wind power model which utilizes a sixth-order polynomial for the specific power curve of a turbine. After model validation with measured data from a single wind turbine, the simulations are carried out for an ensemble of 25,835 onshore turbines to determine the German wind power production for 2016. The resulting hourly resolved data are aggregated into a time series with daily resolution and compared with measured feed-in data of entire Germany which show a high degree of agreement. Such electricity generation data from onshore turbines can be applied to optimize and monitor renewable power systems on various spatiotemporal scales.

Driving factors of the growth of US wind power generation - A decomposition of historical on-shore wind power generation data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Regner ◽  
Katharina Gruber ◽  
Sebastian Wehrle ◽  
Johannes Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Swept Area

<p>US Wind power generation has grown significantly over the last decades, driven by more and larger turbines being installed. However, less is known about how other factors affect the expansion of wind power. In this study, we use historical wind power generation time series, data on installed wind turbines and wind speed time series from the ERA5 data set to quantify driving factors of the growth of US wind power generation. By use of index-decomposition techniques and a regression analysis, we show how different factors affect the output of wind power generation in the US. These include changes in the number of installed turbines, average swept area, park efficiency, location choice, and hub height. Based on this, we discuss potential consequences for the future expansion of wind energy. As expected, the total rotor swept area is responsible for the largest part of the increase in generated power, due to a larger number of installed turbines and larger rotor sizes in particular. Unexpectedly, turbine efficiency slightly declined in the last decades. Wind speeds available to wind turbines have slightly increased. This is a result of larger hub heights, but also of new wind turbines being installed at windier locations.</p>

scholarly journals Optimization of Computer Communication Monitoring System for Wind Turbine Speed

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zuoshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Power Generation ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Wind Power System

This article first studies the operating principles of wind turbines, focusing on the analysis of the structure and working principles of permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbines. According to the actual needs of the wind power system, the monitoring objects of the monitoring system are determined, and the overall monitoring plan for wind power generation is proposed to realize real-time analysis of the operating characteristics of the wind power system. At the same time, it pointed out the great significance of the wind power generation simulation experiment system and focused on the wind speed modeling. In terms of hardware research and analysis, relevant sensors, high-speed data acquisition cards, etc., were selected, and relevant signal conditioning circuits were designed, and a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system simulation monitoring platform was constructed. In terms of software, LabVIEW was chosen as the design language of the monitoring system, and it pointed out the advantages of using LabVIEW in this monitoring system. Finally, the system uses the laboratory permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine as the monitoring object. The practicality and accuracy of the system are verified through experiments such as permanent magnet motor power test, motor speed test, database system test, and remote monitoring test. The experimental results show that the monitoring system has a friendly interface and perfect functions and has important practicability and reference in the field of wind power monitoring.

EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
B. P. Khozyainov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
Air Flow Velocity

The article carries out the experimental and analytical studies of three-blade wind power installation and gives the technique for measurements of angular rate of wind turbine rotation depending on the wind speeds, the rotating moment and its power. We have made the comparison of the calculation results according to the formulas offered with the indicators of the wind turbine tests executed in natural conditions. The tests were carried out at wind speeds from 0.709 m/s to 6.427 m/s. The wind power efficiency (WPE) for ideal traditional installation is known to be 0.45. According to the analytical calculations, wind power efficiency of the wind turbine with 3-bladed and 6 wind guide screens at wind speedsfrom 0.709 to 6.427 is equal to 0.317, and in the range of speed from 0.709 to 4.5 m/s – 0.351, but the experimental coefficient is much higher. The analysis of WPE variations shows that the work with the wind guide screens at insignificant average air flow velocity during the set period of time appears to be more effective, than the work without them. If the air flow velocity increases, the wind power efficiency gradually decreases. Such a good fit between experimental data and analytical calculations is confirmed by comparison of F-test design criterion with its tabular values. In the design of wind turbines, it allows determining the wind turbine power, setting the geometrical parameters and mass of all details for their efficient performance.

Hub height optimisation of commercial WTGs based on accurate wind resource analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0309524X2110227
Author(s):  
Kyle O Roberts ◽  
Nawaz Mahomed
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Capacity Factor ◽  
Resource Analysis ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Unique Maximum ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Wind Resource

Wind turbine selection and optimal hub height positioning are crucial elements of wind power projects. However, in higher class wind speeds especially, over-exposure of wind turbines can lead to a reduction in power generation capacity. In this study, wind measurements from a met mast were validated according to specifications issued by IRENA and NREL. As a first step, it is shown that commercial WTGs from a database may be matched to the wind class and turbulence intensity. Secondly, a wind turbine selection algorithm, based on maximisation of capacity factor, was implemented across the range of WTGs. The selected WTGs were further exposed to an iterative algorithm using pointwise air density and wind shear coefficients. It is shown that a unique maximum capacity factor, and hence wind power generation, exists for a wind turbine, premised on its eventual over-exposure to the wind resource above a certain hub height.

scholarly journals A Reliability Based Model for Wind Turbine Selection

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Rajeevan ◽  
P.V. Shouri ◽  
Usha Nair
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cube Root ◽  
Mathematical Relationship ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Wind Turbine Generator ◽  
A Site

A wind turbine generator output at a specific site depends on many factors, particularly cut- in, rated and cut-out wind speed parameters. Hence power output varies from turbine to turbine. The objective of this paper is to develop a mathematical relationship between reliability and wind power generation. The analytical computation of monthly wind power is obtained from weibull statistical model using cubic mean cube root of wind speed. Reliability calculation is based on failure probability analysis. There are many different types of wind turbinescommercially available in the market. From reliability point of view, to get optimum reliability in power generation, it is desirable to select a wind turbine generator which is best suited for a site. The mathematical relationship developed in this paper can be used for site-matching turbine selection in reliability point of view.

scholarly journals Numerically and Experimentally Verified Design of a Small Wind Turbine with Injection Molded Blade

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Byunghui Kim ◽  
Sang-June Park ◽  
Seokyoung Ahn ◽  
Myung-Gon Kim ◽  
Hyung-Gun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Small Wind Turbine ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Wind Power Systems

Although mega-watt class onshore and offshore wind power systems are used to generate power due to their cost-effectiveness, small wind power systems are important for household usages. Researchers have focused on aerodynamic characteristics as a conceptual design from their previous studies on Archimedes spiral wind turbines. Here, we verified the design of a small wind turbine AWM-750D (100 W capacity) via both numerical simulation and experimentation. We used commercial code ANSYS CFX for numerical simulation and compared turbulence models and surface roughness for determining the performance. To obtain reliable and robust blades, we analyzed the effective manufacturing method with Moldflow. Through a test with an open-suction type atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel, we varied wind speed from 4.0 m/s to the rated value of 12.5 m/s and obtained 106 W, equivalent to a power coefficient of 0.205. In addition, we compared the numerical and experimental power vs. rotational speed and found the former is 6.5% lower than the latter. In this study, we proved that numerical simulations can act as design verification methods to predict wind turbine performances and reliable manufacturing. Through our research, we provided the prototype of a small wind turbine with 100 W to act as an efficient electric power supplier for households and also the stable manufacturing process for complex spiral blades using injection molding.

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