Hydrological effects triggered by large-scale forest restoration in catchment scale, a case study in Daqing River Basin, North China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Li ◽  
Hua Zheng ◽  
Ying Pan ◽  
Fei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
North China ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Hydrological Effects

<p>Human activities have had a dramatic impact on the forest ecosystem, which has changed from initial overexploitation to the current regional restoration. Such kind of human interference with forest ecosystem aggravates the uncertainty on regional hydrology in the contest of global climate change. Here we analyze the hydrology variation over 30 years in Daqing River Basin covered by the ecological restoration project, North China. We identified the influence of climate and human disturbance (ecological restoration project) on surface runoff and soil water. In addition, combined with the future plan of ecological restoration projects in the upper reaches and Xiong’an New Central Area construction in the lower reaches, regional hydrological effects and water demand gaps in the lower reaches under different restoration scenarios were analyzed. The results showed that since 1980's, the surface and soil water in Daqing River Basin had a sudden change in 1999, and the influence of human interference after the change was significantly higher than before, among which the influence of forest area and quality was the dominant contributors. The results of the scenario analysis show that under the existing regional ecological restoration projects and climate change trends, there will be about 1/6 water resource gap in the lower reaches of the basin by 2050, of which about 35% will be caused by ecological projects. Our research results show that changes in forest area and quality brought about by basin-level ecological restoration projects will significantly increase upstream evaporation and water conservation, thereby affecting the regional hydrological cycle and aggravating the conflict between supply and demand of water resources downstream.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Impacts of Climate Variability and Reforestation Activities on Water Resources in the Headwaters of the Segura River Basin (SE Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Senent-Aparicio ◽  
Sitian Liu ◽  
Julio Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Adrián López-Ballesteros ◽  
Patricia Jimeno-Sáez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Water Assessment

Climate change and the land-use and land-cover changes (LULC) resulting from anthropic activity are important factors in the degradation of an ecosystem and in the availability of a basin’s water resources. To know how these activities affect the quantity of the water resources of basins, such as the Segura River Basin, is of vital importance. In this work, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for the study of the abovementioned impacts. The model was validated by obtaining a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.88 and a percent bias (PBIAS) of 17.23%, indicating that SWAT accurately replicated monthly streamflow. Next, land-use maps for the years of 1956 and 2007 were used to establish a series of scenarios that allowed us to evaluate the effects of these activities on both joint and individual water resources. A reforestation plan applied in the basin during the 1970s caused that the forest area had almost doubled, whereas the agricultural areas and shrubland had been reduced by one-third. These modifications, together with the effect of climate change, have led to a decrease of 26.3% in the quantity of generated water resources, not only due to climate change but also due to the increase in forest area.

Impacts of climate change on water resources in the Luan River basin in North China

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidong Zeng ◽  
Jun Xia ◽  
Dunxian She ◽  
Hong Du ◽  
Liping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
North China ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Assessment the impacts of climate change on drought in the Ba River basin, Central Vietnam using Landsat remote sensing data

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
Han T N Tham ◽  
Thy T M Pham ◽  
Thi N K Truong ◽  
Huong T T Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen D Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
River Basin ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract Sustainable management of the river basin is a profound challenge for environmental management in the context of climate change. Drought situations in a basin occur in relation to meteorological, hydrological, agricultural factors and climate change as well. In this study, remote sensing technology was applied to assess the impacts of climate change on drought in the Ba River basin, Central Vietnam. Drought in the basin has been created by land use/land cover changes in recent years, which has resulted in a sharp decrease in forest area in the period 1989 to 2019 (-41.5%) and a significant increase of agricultural land with 38.2%. Following that, the area of drought agriculture rose by 28.8%. The remarkably high drought areas in agricultural land were in El Nino years, 2016 (99.2%) and 2019 (87.3%), which indicated that under climate change impacts, a drought occurred more severely. Moreover, drought also appeared in the forest. The forest area deceased but the drought levels in the forest increased slightly since 2005 and hit a peak drought value in 2016 with 97.0% of forest area. During El Niño years, the precipitation, atmospheric moisture, and water flow in the basin were all lower than in previous years.

scholarly journals Responses of the Yellow River basin vegetation: climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhixiang Xie ◽  
Yaochen Qin ◽  
Zhicheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Yellow River Basin ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Yellow River Basin

Purpose This paper aims to study the temporal and spatial variation of vegetation and the influence of climate change on vegetation coverage in the Yellow River basin, China. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of a series of government-led environmental control projects in restoring the ecological environment of the Yellow River basin. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses unary linear regression, Mann–Kendall and wavelet analyses to study the spatial–temporal variations of vegetation and the response to climate changes in the Yellow River, China. Findings The results showed that for the past 17 years, not only the mean annual increase rate of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was 0.0059/a, but the spatial heterogeneity also yields significant results. The vegetation growth in the southeastern region was significantly better than that in the northwestern region. The variation period of the NDVI in the study area significantly shortened, and the most obvious oscillation period was half a year, with two peaks in one year. In addition, there are positive and negative effects of human activities on the change of vegetation cover of the Loess Plateau. The project of transforming cultivated land to forest and grassland promotes the increase of vegetation cover of the Loess plateau. Unfortunately, the regional urbanization and industrialization proliferated, and the overloading of grazing, deforestation, over-reclamation, and the exploitation and development of the energy area in the grassland region led to the reduction of the NDVI. Fortunately, the positive effects outweigh the negative ones. Originality/value This paper provides a comprehensive insight to analysis of the vegetation change and the responses of vegetation to climate change, with special reference to make the planning policy of ecological restoration. This paper argues that ecological restoration should be strengthened in areas with annual precipitation less than 450 mm.

Climate change impact on water resources of the Desna river basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Osypov ◽  
Natalia Osadcha ◽  
Volodimir Osadchyi ◽  
Oleh Speka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Far Future

<p>A river basin management plan has to consider climate change impact because global warming influences the water cycle explicitly. For Ukraine, only continental-scale studies or(and) global hydrological models reflect the climate change impact on water resources. Such resolution is insufficient to develop confident adaptation strategies.</p><p>This study aims to assess changes in the river runoff, water flow formation, and soil water of the Desna river basin under future climate. The Desna supply Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital, with fresh water. Moreover, soil water capacity across the basin is critical for crop production, the leading sector of the region.</p><p>The framework consists of the process-based ecohydrological SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model and eight high-resolution (~12 km) regional climate models from the EURO-CORDEX project forced by RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios till the end of the XXI century. The SWAT model was successfully calibrated on water discharge from 12 gauges across the basin, then it was driven by each climate model to achieve a range of possible future scenarios. This approach better represents the hydrological processes and achieves more confident results than in previous studies.</p><p>Seven of eight models project warmer and wetter climate in the near future (2021-2050), and all models project the same in the far future (2071-2100). According to the ensemble mean, the air temperature will increase by 1.1°C under RCP4.5 and 1.2°C under RCP8.5 in the near future, and by 2.2°C under RCP4.5 and 4.2°C under RCP8.5 in the far future. Precipitation surplus will reach 5% (range from -6% to 16%) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 in the near future, and 8% (from 2% to 17%) under RCP4.5 and 14% (from 3% to 23%) under RCP8.5 in the far future. The discharge will likely increase (mean signal 6-8% in the near future and 10-14% in the far future) mostly due to higher groundwater inflow.</p><p>Intra-annual changes could be very unfavorable for plant growth because of lower soil water content and higher temperature stress during the vegetation period. The models agree about precipitation surplus during the cold period but, in summer, all directions of change are almost equally possible.</p><p>We consider that, among other vulnerabilities of the Desna basin, the water stress for crops will be the main issue because of the high dependence of the economy on crop production. Attention should also be paid to forest fires, eutrophication, and the concentration of organic substances in the stream</p>

scholarly journals Extended Dependence of the Hydrological Regime on the Land Cover Change in the Three-North Region of China: An Evaluation under Future Climate Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yao ◽  
Xianhong Xie ◽  
Shanshan Meng ◽  
Bowen Zhu ◽  
Kang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Hydrological Effects

The hydrological regime in arid and semi-arid regions is quite sensitive to climate and land cover changes (LCC). The Three-North region (TNR) in China experiences diverse climate conditions, from arid to humid zones. In this region, substantial LCC has occurred over the past decades due to ecological restoration programs and urban expansion. At a regional scale, the hydrological effects of LCC have been demonstrated to be less observable than the effects of climate change, but it is unclear whether or not the effects of LCC may be intensified by future climate conditions. In this study, we employed remote sensing datasets and a macro-scale hydrological modeling to identify the dependence of the future hydrological regime of the TNR on past LCC. The hydrological effects over the period from 2020–2099 were evaluated based on a Representative Concentration Pathway climate scenario. The results indicated that the forest area increased in the northwest (11,691 km2) and the north (69 km2) of China but declined in the northeast (30,042 km2) over the past three decades. Moreover, the urban area has expanded by 1.3% in the TNR. Under the future climate condition, the hydrological regime will be influenced significantly by LCC. Those changes from 1986 to 2015 may alter the future hydrological cycle mainly by promoting runoff (3.24 mm/year) and decreasing evapotranspiration (3.23 mm/year) over the whole region. The spatial distribution of the effects may be extremely uneven: the effects in humid areas would be stronger than those in other areas. Besides, with rising temperatures and precipitation from 2020 to 2099, the LCC may heighten the risk of dryland expansion and flooding more than climate change alone. Despite uncertainties in the datasets and methods, the regional-scale hydrological model provides new insights into the extended impacts of ecological restoration and urbanization on the hydrological regime of the TNR.

Quantifying the magnitude of the impact of climate change and human activity on runoff decline in Mian River Basin, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Fan ◽  
Fei Tian ◽  
Yonghui Yang ◽  
Shumin Han ◽  
Guoyu Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
North China ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Driving Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

Runoff in North China has been dramatically declining in recent decades. Although climate change and human activity have been recognized as the primary driving factors, the magnitude of impact of each of the above factors on runoff decline is still not entirely clear. In this study, Mian River Basin (a watershed that is heavily influenced by human activity) was used as a proxy to quantify the contributions of human and climate to runoff decline in North China. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used to isolate the possible impacts of man and climate. SWAT simulations suggest that while climate change accounts for only 23.89% of total decline in mean annual runoff, human activity accounts for the larger 76.11% in the basin. The gap between the simulated and measured runoff has been widening since 1978, which can only be explained in terms of increasing human activity in the region. Furthermore, comparisons of similar annual precipitation in 3 dry-years and 3 wet-years representing hydrological processes in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s were used to isolate the magnitude of runoff decline under similar annual precipitations. The results clearly show that human activity, rather than climate, is the main driving factor of runoff decline in the basin.

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