New management perspectives in pressurized on-demand irrigation systems using innovative smart control valves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Ferrarese ◽  
Alessandro Pagano ◽  
Stefano Malavasi ◽  
Umberto Fratino
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Smart Control

<p>Irrigated agriculture is currently one of the most water-consuming human activities at global level. Furthermore, in the next years, water demand for irrigation is expected to increase within a challenging framework characterized by the effects of climate change and dynamics such as the population increase. In this context and considering that up to now irrigation networks have experienced a limited access to innovation (such as e.g., several areas of the Mediterranean region, above all in the North African side), the opportunities offered by digitalization could be crucial in the next future. New technologies and IoT solutions can effectively improve the management of limited resources and the quality of service to users. In the present work, the advances in management of the irrigation networks that can be reached using a smart control valve, the GreenValveSystem (GVS), are discussed. The GVS is an innovative electro actuated control valve able to harvest part of the energy of the flow to enable high frequency monitoring of pressures and flow rate and real time operation on the valve, without the necessity of external power supply. It has been, up to now, positively tested and adopted in drinking water supply systems. A model of an on-demand pressurized irrigation network is used to provide, through hydraulic simulations, a proof-of-concept of the potential of such devices to support the selection and implementation of specific management strategies to limit (or even avoid) the occurrence of hydrant failures (i.e. an insufficient pressure or discharge ), and to guarantee an effective and sustainable use of water resources. In the study a procedure to find the best placement of the GVSs and some basilar management rules that limit failures is showed. This preliminary study demonstrates some of the improvement that the use of innovative devices based on IoT concepts, like cloud management of data and remote operations, can bring to water agencies and users.</p>

scholarly journals Hydraulic calculation of reliability and safety parameters of the irrigation network and its hydraulic facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04087
Author(s):  
Rustam Karshiev ◽  
Abduvoxid Urazkeldiyev ◽  
Adhamjon Rajabov ◽  
Azizbek Ernazarov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Rotation Scheme ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Traditional Irrigation

Nowadays, more than 155.7 thousand km of irrigation networks are operated by WUA, farms and clusters. 95% of irrigation networks were built and commissioned in the 80s of the last centuries. The parameters of the irrigation canals, built in the 70-80s of the XX century, are set for irrigation of cotton and alfalfa irrigated agriculture during the growing season 170-210 days. Irrigation networks have been designed for this crop rotation scheme. Since 1993, the rotation scheme has changed to cotton-wheat. Irrigation networks began to operate continuously throughout the year after the transition of agricultural production to the cultivation of autumn cereals, which require irrigation from October to May. As a result, it has become difficult to carry out repair work on irrigation networks. In addition, irrigation networks have been designed, built and operated by adapting crops to traditional irrigation systems. In recent years, large-scale work has been carried out on the widespread implementation of water-saving technologies in agriculture.

scholarly journals Operasional dan pemeliharaan jaringan irigasi subak di Kabupaten Tabanan

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Sumiyati ◽  
I Wayan Windia ◽  
I Wayan Tika
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Maintenance Activities

This research was conducted in order to understand the operational and maintenance of irrigation network in traditional Balinese irrigation system of subak in Tabanan regency. It spesific aim is to develop a documentation which is useful as reference about operational and maintenance of irrigation network in subak system. The sample of this research are four subak in Tabanan regency which are subak in the upstream, middle, and downstream areas, including Subak Bunyuh, Subak Sigaran, Subak Guama, and Subak Sungsang. The research was conducted by survey and depth interview methods. The operational and maintenance of irrigation networks in subak system in Tabanan regency includes matelik (monitoring channel), nyilih yeh (borrow the water), magilihan (rotation of water irigation), kempelan (maintenance of traditional weir), ngeduk nyanyad (draining mud), nabdab yeh (arrangement of water irrigation distribution), metpet munduk (lining stabilitation.), and ngampad (chanel clearing). This article concludes that all subak samples in Tabanan regency carry out operational and maintenance activities the irrigation networks in the subak system.

scholarly journals PENANGGANAN JARINGAN IRIGASI KRUENG BARO KABUPATEN PIDIE MELALUI ANGKA KEBUTUHAN NYATA OPERAISONAL DAN PEMELIHARAAN (AKNOP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Nofrizal Nofrizal ◽  
Azmeri Azmeri ◽  
Ella Mailianda
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Irrigation Networks

Krueng Baro Irrigation Area is one of the irrigation areas which is focused on increasing food crop productivity in Pidie District. To support the existence of the irrigation, of course, it must be supported by a well-organized irrigation system, so an effective irrigation network management system is needed through the O M program. O M activities require a truly real value or cost figure which is the result of the search for irrigation networks known as the real operation and maintenance demand value. The physical condition of the Krueng Baro Irrigation Network if viewed from the results of the irrigation network inventory still has many obstacles that hamper the fulfillment of rice water needs, including physical damage to buildings and irrigation channels. The evaluation of irrigation network performance is the first step in the preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value, the rate of performance of the Krueng Baro Irrigation Area network is 68.06% (BWSSI, 2017) which falls into the less category and needs attention. This study aims to identify Irrigation Network O M activities and the real operation and maintenance demand value Krueng Baro irrigation. The research method is in the form of observations / field observations and documentation to obtain the existing conditions of irrigation networks which subsequently identify O M plans and preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value. After the preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value was obtained the output of the value of the real cost requirement in carrying out routine operations was only 0.53% (IDR 529,180,000.00), Routine Maintenance 6.52% (IDR 6,510,464,300.00), while for Periodic Maintenance is very large, namely 92.95% (IDR. 92,764,196,192.00) compared to the overall total cost (IDR. 99,803,840,492.00). In order to achieve the full O M Plan and the real operation and maintenance demand value Krueng Baro Irrigation Network due to the limited budgetary budget so is divided into a 5-year priority program plan reference to Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 12 / PRT / M / 2015 with the first year priority carried out on the main building which greatly influences performance and function of the irrigation system such as turnover of intake doors, olak ponds and upstream weir sediment excavation and some buildings and channels that have been destroyed and not functioning on the carrier channel.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE ASSESSMENT OF BACKGROUND CONTENT OF HEAVY METAL IN THE KUBAN-MANYCH WATERWAY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S. Dementiev ◽  
D. M. Dementieva
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Groundwater Contaminants ◽  
The North ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Background Content

In most regions of the central part of the North Caucasus, there is a persistent increase in the prevalence rate of congenital malformations of the child population and the development of other health problems. It is probable due to the fact that unlike many other regions of Russia the upper reaches of the Kuban water are contaminated by metals with a significant excess of MPCrx due to their entry from rock depths. The highest excess of manganese, copper and iron was observed. For other metals there are specific for individual waters deviations upward or downward. To date, the water in large quantities for the irrigation network is transmitted in steppe regions, feasting upon the path of additional quantities of natural contaminants, and mainly anthropogenic origin. The massive use of irrigated agriculture, the saturation of groundwater contaminants is the basis for their accumulation in the agricultural products. Thus, after drinking it is the second a local source of metals in the human body. The problem for detection of correlative relationships between pollution and human health in this case is the lack of such a target as the total MPC of pollutants in the human body, balancing entry-selection for different age, gender and other characteristics of human differences.

scholarly journals Photophysics and photochemistry of NIR absorbers derived from cyanines: key to new technologies based on chemistry 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 415-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Strehmel ◽  
Christian Schmitz ◽  
Ceren Kütahya ◽  
Yulian Pang ◽  
Anke Drewitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
High Power ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Photothermal Treatment ◽  
End Groups

Cyanines derived from heptamethines were mainly discussed regarding their functionalization to broaden the solubility in different surroundings exhibiting either hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties and to tailor made the ΔG et photopysical properties with respect to absorption and fluorescence. Electrochemical properties were additionally considered for some selected examples. The cyanines chosen comprised as end groups either indolenine, benzo[e]- or benzo[cd]indolium pattern, which facilitated to shift the absorption between 750–1000 nm. This enabled their use in applications with light sources emitting in the near-infrared (NIR) region selected from high power LEDs or lasers with line-shaped focus. The absorbers considered were discussed regarding their function as sensitizer for applications related to Chemistry 4.0 standards. These were mainly photopolymer coatings, which can be found for applications in the graphic industry or to protect selected substrates. The huge release of heat on demand upon turning ON or OFF the NIR light source enables them for photothermal treatment in processes requesting heat to initiate either chemical (activated reactions) or physical (melting, evaporation) events.

Wetland Projects Developed in Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Salati ◽  
Eneida Salati ◽  
E. Salati
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

The first studies with constructed wetlands undertaken in Brazil were the result of observations made from the Amazon flood plains. The first attempt to use this capacity to change the quality of the water, in the sense of purification performed in Brazil using constructed wetland systems, was made by Salati et al. (1982) After that, new technologies were developed in a focused attempt to increase the efficiency of the system and reduce investments. Over these 18 years, persuading the Brazilian scientific community as well as the environmental control agencies to give due attention to this kind of research has required endless efforts. Only in recent years have major institutions responsible for sewage treatment and potable water supply been concerned with this type of technology for solving real problems. These institutions are as follows: SABESP (Basic Sanitation Company of São Paulo State), SANEPAR (Sanitation Company of Paraná State) and CESP (Electric Company of São Paulo State). One of the private institutions that has systematically worked in the design and projects of constructed wetlands is the Institute of Applied Ecology. This institution has enhanced and developed a water depuration system based on the purifying capacity of the soil. The wetlands with filtering soils are systems formed by overlapping layers of crushed stone, gravel and soil planted with rice. This technology has been used in sewage treatment and also in water supply systems.

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Shoulder and Neck Inflammation and Surrounding Tissue Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1028-1036
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Time Operation

Ultrasound imaging technology can not only show neck tear the degree and extent of disease, to help make the correct diagnosis, can also be used to assess shoulder neck inflammation after surgery to repair a shoulder muscle neck tissue integrity and healing. Ultrasound imaging with high-resolution, real-time operation, low cost, etc. gradually become shoulder neck inflammatory disease preferred imaging modality. The sensitivity and specificity for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of shoulder neck inflammation were 78% and 93% in this study. The full-thickness inflammation sensitivity and specificity were 50% and 95%. The sensitivity and specificity of inflammation were 57% and 87%, respectively. This study shows that the diagnostic accuracy of 3D ultrasound imaging in shoulder and neck inflammation and surrounding tissue lesions is close to that of MRI. Three-dimensional appearance of new technologies such as ultrasound imaging will further improve ultrasound imaging techniques in shoulder neck inflammation application in the diagnosis and treatment assessment.

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