scholarly journals Hydraulic calculation of reliability and safety parameters of the irrigation network and its hydraulic facilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04087
Author(s):  
Rustam Karshiev ◽  
Abduvoxid Urazkeldiyev ◽  
Adhamjon Rajabov ◽  
Azizbek Ernazarov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Rotation Scheme ◽  
Safety Parameters ◽  
Traditional Irrigation

Nowadays, more than 155.7 thousand km of irrigation networks are operated by WUA, farms and clusters. 95% of irrigation networks were built and commissioned in the 80s of the last centuries. The parameters of the irrigation canals, built in the 70-80s of the XX century, are set for irrigation of cotton and alfalfa irrigated agriculture during the growing season 170-210 days. Irrigation networks have been designed for this crop rotation scheme. Since 1993, the rotation scheme has changed to cotton-wheat. Irrigation networks began to operate continuously throughout the year after the transition of agricultural production to the cultivation of autumn cereals, which require irrigation from October to May. As a result, it has become difficult to carry out repair work on irrigation networks. In addition, irrigation networks have been designed, built and operated by adapting crops to traditional irrigation systems. In recent years, large-scale work has been carried out on the widespread implementation of water-saving technologies in agriculture.

scholarly journals The role of the irrigation network in the efficient use of water

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyar Matyakubov ◽  
Davronbek Yulchiyev ◽  
Isomiddin Kodirov ◽  
Gulnoroy Axmedjanova
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Current State ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
The Republic

The article highlights the unique role of irrigation canals in the supply of water in the required amount, depending on crop demand and the rational use of it. The study of the prevention of filtration in irrigation networks and the study of the existing malfunctions in the operation of irrigation networks, the sequence of works on the repair of irrigation networks were analyzed, and the priority of repair work was determined. The current state of the Khumbuz canal in Khiva, Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan was studied. Information was obtained and analyzed on compliance with design specifications during construction and the presence of protection zones in the canal design. Analytical indicators have been developed to extend the service life of the Khumbuz canal to ensure its normal operation and supply the required amount of water to crops. In the implementation of water supply to agricultural crops, priority is given to the repair and construction of hydraulic structures, including the Khumbuz canal. In addition, all the work to be done was planned based on the priority of the work. It has been found that the amount of water required to irrigate crops can be achieved uniformly along the length of the canal, at the top, middle, and bottom of the canal, by ensuring that the irrigation networks operate at the required level. Specific scientific recommendations have been given for the normal operation of the Khumbuz canal. Repairing the canal has been shown to increase water use by 20 percent and increase crop yields by 15 percent by ensuring that crops receive the required amount of water on time. The service area of the Khumbuz canal is 1.460 hectares. The length of the canal to be repaired is 6 km. of which 2,568 km of new concrete. The maximum water flow of the canal is 2.5 m3/sec, and the normal water flow is 2.0 m3/sec. The efficiency of the channel (canal) is 0.93. The article provides information on how to achieve efficient use of irrigation water by repairing hydraulic structures at the required level and the construction of new ones.

New management perspectives in pressurized on-demand irrigation systems using innovative smart control valves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Ferrarese ◽  
Alessandro Pagano ◽  
Stefano Malavasi ◽  
Umberto Fratino
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Smart Control

<p>Irrigated agriculture is currently one of the most water-consuming human activities at global level. Furthermore, in the next years, water demand for irrigation is expected to increase within a challenging framework characterized by the effects of climate change and dynamics such as the population increase. In this context and considering that up to now irrigation networks have experienced a limited access to innovation (such as e.g., several areas of the Mediterranean region, above all in the North African side), the opportunities offered by digitalization could be crucial in the next future. New technologies and IoT solutions can effectively improve the management of limited resources and the quality of service to users. In the present work, the advances in management of the irrigation networks that can be reached using a smart control valve, the GreenValveSystem (GVS), are discussed. The GVS is an innovative electro actuated control valve able to harvest part of the energy of the flow to enable high frequency monitoring of pressures and flow rate and real time operation on the valve, without the necessity of external power supply. It has been, up to now, positively tested and adopted in drinking water supply systems. A model of an on-demand pressurized irrigation network is used to provide, through hydraulic simulations, a proof-of-concept of the potential of such devices to support the selection and implementation of specific management strategies to limit (or even avoid) the occurrence of hydrant failures (i.e. an insufficient pressure or discharge ), and to guarantee an effective and sustainable use of water resources. In the study a procedure to find the best placement of the GVSs and some basilar management rules that limit failures is showed. This preliminary study demonstrates some of the improvement that the use of innovative devices based on IoT concepts, like cloud management of data and remote operations, can bring to water agencies and users.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing Annual Actual Evapotranspiration Based on Climate, Topography and Soil in Natural and Agricultural Ecosystems

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Kleoniki Demertzi ◽  
Vassilios Pisinaras ◽  
Emanuel Lekakis ◽  
Evangelos Tziritis ◽  
Konstantinos Babakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
Very High ◽  
Of Greece

Simple formulas for estimating annual actual evapotranspiration (AET) based on annual climate data are widely used in large scale applications. Such formulas do not have distinct compartments related to topography, soil and irrigation, and for this reason may be limited in basins with high slopes, where runoff is the dominant water balance component, and in basins where irrigated agriculture is dominant. Thus, a simplistic method for assessing AET in both natural ecosystems and agricultural systems considering the aforementioned elements is proposed in this study. The method solves AET through water balance based on a set of formulas that estimate runoff and percolation. These formulas are calibrated by the results of the deterministic hydrological model GLEAMS (Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems) for a reference surface. The proposed methodology is applied to the country of Greece and compared with the widely used climate-based methods of Oldekop, Coutagne and Turk. The results show that the proposed methodology agrees very well with the method of Turk for the lowland regions but presents significant differences in places where runoff is expected to be very high (sloppy areas and areas of high rainfall, especially during December–February), suggesting that the proposed method performs better due to its runoff compartment. The method can also be applied in a single application considering irrigation only for the irrigated lands to more accurately estimate AET in basins with a high percentage of irrigated agriculture.

The State of Irrigation Infrastructure in Ghana: The Way Forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
P. Glitse ◽  
B. V. Nyamadi ◽  
K. W. Darkwah ◽  
K. A. Mintah
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Management ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Irrigation Infrastructure

The Ghana Irrigation Development Authority (GIDA) is a public sector organization established to promote agricultural growth through the provision of irrigation infrastructure and other agricultural water management techniques. Irrigated agriculture in Ghana is categorized into formal, informal or smallholder and large-scale commercial irrigation. Over the years, irrigation development in the country has been faced with a number of challenges, which necessitated the development of the National Irrigation Policy, Strategies and Regulatory Measures and the Ghana Agricultural Water Management Pre-Investment Reform Action Framework. A number of factors affecting irrigation development in the country include lack of capital, commitment by successive governments, cost of energy, access to land and credit, lack of technical know-how and encroachment, among others. Analysis of budget provided by government for public irrigation development was carried out using simple linear regression. Results indicate a bright prospect of irrigation development, with reforms under implementation. A minimum of GHS 633.43 million is required for release into the sub-sector by government together with investments from private sector in the next ten years to shift the balance towards positive growth. To solve the problem of inadequate funding of the sub-sector activities, it is recommended that the GIDA collaborates with Development Partners to fund projects and activities in line with their objectives. GIDA should develop effective programmes for building capacity of contractors involved in development of infrastructure. GIDA should deepen its collaboration with private investors under PPPs and convert electric and diesel/petrol powered irrigation pumps to solar powered ones.

A High-Fidelity Model to Predict Length of Stay in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanix Wang ◽  
Walid Hussain ◽  
John R. Birge ◽  
Michael D. Schreiber ◽  
Daniel Adelman
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Operations ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
Widespread Implementation

Having an interpretable, dynamic length-of-stay model can help hospital administrators and clinicians make better decisions and improve the quality of care. The widespread implementation of electronic medical record (EMR) systems has enabled hospitals to collect massive amounts of health data. However, how to integrate this deluge of data into healthcare operations remains unclear. We propose a framework grounded in established clinical knowledge to model patients’ lengths of stay. In particular, we impose expert knowledge when grouping raw clinical data into medically meaningful variables that summarize patients’ health trajectories. We use dynamic, predictive models to output patients’ remaining lengths of stay, future discharges, and census probability distributions based on their health trajectories up to the current stay. Evaluated with large-scale EMR data, the dynamic model significantly improves predictive power over the performance of any model in previous literature and remains medically interpretable. Summary of Contribution: The widespread implementation of electronic health systems has created opportunities and challenges to best utilize mounting clinical data for healthcare operations. In this study, we propose a new approach that integrates clinical analysis in generating variables and implementations of computational methods. This approach allows our model to remain interpretable to the medical professionals while being accurate. We believe our study has broader relevance to researchers and practitioners of healthcare operations.

scholarly journals Operasional dan pemeliharaan jaringan irigasi subak di Kabupaten Tabanan

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Sumiyati ◽  
I Wayan Windia ◽  
I Wayan Tika
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Irrigation Networks ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Maintenance Activities

This research was conducted in order to understand the operational and maintenance of irrigation network in traditional Balinese irrigation system of subak in Tabanan regency. It spesific aim is to develop a documentation which is useful as reference about operational and maintenance of irrigation network in subak system. The sample of this research are four subak in Tabanan regency which are subak in the upstream, middle, and downstream areas, including Subak Bunyuh, Subak Sigaran, Subak Guama, and Subak Sungsang. The research was conducted by survey and depth interview methods. The operational and maintenance of irrigation networks in subak system in Tabanan regency includes matelik (monitoring channel), nyilih yeh (borrow the water), magilihan (rotation of water irigation), kempelan (maintenance of traditional weir), ngeduk nyanyad (draining mud), nabdab yeh (arrangement of water irrigation distribution), metpet munduk (lining stabilitation.), and ngampad (chanel clearing). This article concludes that all subak samples in Tabanan regency carry out operational and maintenance activities the irrigation networks in the subak system.

scholarly journals Causes and consequences of long-term groundwater overabstraction in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Brückner ◽  
Rebecca Bahls ◽  
Mohammad Alqadi ◽  
Falk Lindenmaier ◽  
Ibraheem Hamdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Basins

AbstractIn 2017, a comprehensive review of groundwater resources in Jordan was carried out for the first time since 1995. The change in groundwater levels between 1995 and 2017 was found to be dramatic: large declines have been recorded all over the country, reaching more than 100 m in some areas. The most affected areas are those with large-scale groundwater-irrigated agriculture, but areas that are only used for public water supply are also affected. The decrease of groundwater levels and saturated thickness poses a growing threat for drinking water supply and the demand has to be met from increasingly deeper and more remote sources, causing higher costs for drilling and extraction. Groundwater-level contour lines show that groundwater flow direction has completely reversed in some parts of the main aquifer. Consequently, previously established conceptual models, such as the concept of 12 “groundwater basins” often used in Jordan should be revised or replaced. Additionally, hydraulic conditions are changing from confined to unconfined; this is most likely a major driver for geogenic pollution with heavy metals through leakage from the overlying bituminous aquitard. Three exemplary case studies are presented to illustrate and discuss the main causes for the decline of the water tables (agriculture and population growth) and to show how the results of this assessment can be used on a regional scale.

scholarly journals PENANGGANAN JARINGAN IRIGASI KRUENG BARO KABUPATEN PIDIE MELALUI ANGKA KEBUTUHAN NYATA OPERAISONAL DAN PEMELIHARAAN (AKNOP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
Nofrizal Nofrizal ◽  
Azmeri Azmeri ◽  
Ella Mailianda
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Irrigation Networks

Krueng Baro Irrigation Area is one of the irrigation areas which is focused on increasing food crop productivity in Pidie District. To support the existence of the irrigation, of course, it must be supported by a well-organized irrigation system, so an effective irrigation network management system is needed through the O M program. O M activities require a truly real value or cost figure which is the result of the search for irrigation networks known as the real operation and maintenance demand value. The physical condition of the Krueng Baro Irrigation Network if viewed from the results of the irrigation network inventory still has many obstacles that hamper the fulfillment of rice water needs, including physical damage to buildings and irrigation channels. The evaluation of irrigation network performance is the first step in the preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value, the rate of performance of the Krueng Baro Irrigation Area network is 68.06% (BWSSI, 2017) which falls into the less category and needs attention. This study aims to identify Irrigation Network O M activities and the real operation and maintenance demand value Krueng Baro irrigation. The research method is in the form of observations / field observations and documentation to obtain the existing conditions of irrigation networks which subsequently identify O M plans and preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value. After the preparation of the real operation and maintenance demand value was obtained the output of the value of the real cost requirement in carrying out routine operations was only 0.53% (IDR 529,180,000.00), Routine Maintenance 6.52% (IDR 6,510,464,300.00), while for Periodic Maintenance is very large, namely 92.95% (IDR. 92,764,196,192.00) compared to the overall total cost (IDR. 99,803,840,492.00). In order to achieve the full O M Plan and the real operation and maintenance demand value Krueng Baro Irrigation Network due to the limited budgetary budget so is divided into a 5-year priority program plan reference to Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 12 / PRT / M / 2015 with the first year priority carried out on the main building which greatly influences performance and function of the irrigation system such as turnover of intake doors, olak ponds and upstream weir sediment excavation and some buildings and channels that have been destroyed and not functioning on the carrier channel.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE ASSESSMENT OF BACKGROUND CONTENT OF HEAVY METAL IN THE KUBAN-MANYCH WATERWAY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S. Dementiev ◽  
D. M. Dementieva
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Groundwater Contaminants ◽  
The North ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Background Content

In most regions of the central part of the North Caucasus, there is a persistent increase in the prevalence rate of congenital malformations of the child population and the development of other health problems. It is probable due to the fact that unlike many other regions of Russia the upper reaches of the Kuban water are contaminated by metals with a significant excess of MPCrx due to their entry from rock depths. The highest excess of manganese, copper and iron was observed. For other metals there are specific for individual waters deviations upward or downward. To date, the water in large quantities for the irrigation network is transmitted in steppe regions, feasting upon the path of additional quantities of natural contaminants, and mainly anthropogenic origin. The massive use of irrigated agriculture, the saturation of groundwater contaminants is the basis for their accumulation in the agricultural products. Thus, after drinking it is the second a local source of metals in the human body. The problem for detection of correlative relationships between pollution and human health in this case is the lack of such a target as the total MPC of pollutants in the human body, balancing entry-selection for different age, gender and other characteristics of human differences.

Support Irrigation Water Management of Cereals Using Optical Remote Sensing and Modeling in a Semi-Arid Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarik Benabdelouahab ◽  
Hayat Lionboui ◽  
Rachid Hadria ◽  
Riad Balaghi ◽  
Abdelghani Boudhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Irrigated agriculture is an important strategic sector for Morocco, contributing to food security and employment. Nowadays, irrigation scheme managers shall ensure that water is optimally used. The main objective was to support the irrigation monitoring and management of wheat in the irrigated perimeter using optical remote sensing and crop modeling. The potential of spectral indices derived from SPOT-5 images was explored for quantifying and mapping surface water content changes at large scale. Indices were computed using the reflectance in red, near infrared, and shortwave infrared bands. A field crop model (AquaCrop) was adjusted and tested to simulate the grain yield and the temporal evolution of soil moisture status. This research aimed at providing a scientific and technical approach to assist policymakers and stakeholders to improve monitoring irrigation and mitigating wheat water stress at field and irrigation perimeter levels in semi-arid areas. The approach could lead to operational management tools for an efficient irrigation at field and regional levels.

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