scholarly journals The Chatanika and Sondrestrom Radars – a brief history

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. A. McCready ◽  
C. J. Heinselman
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Radio Wave ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
The West ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Incoherent Scatter

Abstract. The Sondrestrom upper atmospheric research facility, located just north of the Arctic Circle near the west coast of Greenland, will soon celebrate 30 yr of operations. The centerpiece of the facility, an incoherent scatter radar, has collected 46 000 h of data on the ionospheric state parameters. This instrument was designed and built to measure the effects of nuclear bombs on radio wave propagation in the South Pacific, but instead was deployed to Alaska to study the effects of auroral structuring on the ionosphere, and was later moved to Greenland to explore the auroral cusp and the dynamics of the polar cap boundary. This is the story of the birth and genesis of the instrument, its travels, and the evolution of its facility.

Seismic T-Wave Observations at Dense Seismic Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 3444-3453
Author(s):  
Catherine D. de Groot-Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Polarization Analysis ◽  
The West ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Transverse Waves ◽  
T Wave ◽  
T Waves

Abstract Seismic T waves, which result from transformation of hydroacoustic to seismic energy at coastlines, were investigated for two strong earthquakes. A 2014 Caribbean event generated seismic T waves that were detected at over 250 seismometers along the east coast of the U.S., primarily at seismic stations operated by the USArray Transportable Array. A 2006 Hawaiian event generated seismic T waves observed at over 100 seismometers along the west coast. Seismic T-wave propagation was treated as locally 2D where the incoming hydroacoustic wavefronts were nearly parallel to the coastlines. Along the east coast, seismic T-wave propagation velocities were consistent with surface waves and a polarization analysis indicated that they were transverse waves, supporting their interpretation as Love waves. They were observed at inland distances up to 1134 km from the east coast. Along the west coast, the propagation velocity was over 5  km/s and a polarization analysis confirmed that the seismic T waves propagated as seismic P waves. Differences between the modes of propagation along the east and west coasts are attributed to differences in the slope and thickness of the sediment coverage at the continental slopes where hydroacoustic to seismic conversion takes place.

Shrines and Sovereigns: Life, Death, and Religion in Rural Azerbaijan

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Grant
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The West ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Rapid Succession ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Mass

Shrines fill the Eurasian land mass. They can be found from Turkey in the west to China in the east, from the Arctic Circle in the north to Afghanistan in the south. Between town and country, they can consist of full-scale architectural complexes, or they may compose no more than an open field, a pile of stones, a tree, or a small mausoleum. They have been at the centers and peripheries of almost every major religious tradition of the region: Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Yet in the formerly socialist world, these places of pilgrimage have something even more in common: they were often cast as the last bastions of religious observance when churches, mosques, temples, and synagogues were sent crashing to the ground in rapid succession across the twentieth century.

Climate Change: A Threat to Global Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly Bhagat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Global Health ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The West

One of the greatest threats to humanity is climate change, the effects of which have become evident in recent years with wildfires raging through the west coast of the United States, glaciers and icecaps melting in the arctic, and an increasing number of seasonal hurricanes. Scientists predict that we have approximately ten years to reverse climate change before its effects become permanent.

New locality and new habitat data of Philonthus nitidus (Fabr., 1787) (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) in the Polish Carpathians

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4559 (3) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
ANDRZEJ MAZUR ◽  
WEI YAN ◽  
ANDRZEJ GÓRZ
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Polish Carpathians

Philonthus nitidus (Fabr., 1787) inhabits mainly northern and central Europe. In Scandinavia, it reaches far outside the Arctic Circle, in the west it is found in France, in the South in the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and Serbia, and in Transylvania; it was also recorded in Siberia, Kazakhstan and Mongolia (Burakowski et al. 1980, Schillhammer 2000, Herman 2001, Löbl & Smetana 2004, Fernández 2010, Viñolas et al. 2014). 

Problems of the Norwegian Church in the Eleventh Century

1935 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Larson
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Scandinavian Peninsula ◽  
Ancient Rock ◽  
Almost Continuous

In Viking times the Northmen recognized several important sea routes, one of which, “the North Way,” was of such significance that it gave its name to a kingdom. The ships that sailed this route followed the west coast of the great Scandinavian peninsula northward and northeastward for a distance of one thousand miles to the land's end in the Arctic. Out toward the sea the fairway is flanked by an almost continuous series of islands, large and small, numbering perhaps one hundred and fifty thousand. Many of these are inhabited. On the other side rises the Norwegian plateau, a massive wall of ancient rock, which in many places descends abruptly to the water's edge. The wall is not continuous, for all along the coast the sea, thrusting forth its mighty arms, has carved out a maze of deep inlets, some of which run far into the land. The longest of these, the Sogn Fjord, has a length of nearly one hundred and forty miles.

The supply by air of Exercise “Musk-ox”, 1946

Polar Record ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (43) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
R. H. Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
The West ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Musk Ox

It will be remembered that Exercise “Musk-Ox” began on 15 February 1946, when a mechanized force of forty-seven men in eleven Snowmobiles left Churchill on the west coast of Hudson Bay. This force travelled northwards to the Arctic Ocean, and then westwards over the sea ice to Cambridge Bay and Coppermine; from here the route lay southwards over the mainland to Fort Nelson and along the Alcan Highway to Grande Prairie, where the exercise ended in the first week of May. The route covered by the ground force is shown in the map on p. 341. The track of about 3000 miles is roughly the shape of a horseshoe extending from Churchill to Edmonton, with a considerable part of the curve lying within the Canadian Arctic.

scholarly journals Notes on the Biology of Some Pogonophora

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Southward ◽  
E. C. Southward
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The West ◽  
South West ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Observations have been made on living pogonophores obtained from the continental slope to the south-west of the British Isles and from the continental shelf off the west coast of Ireland.The blood of five species examined contains haemoglobin in solution. The tube appears to be freely permeable to water, but less so to electrolytes and small molecules.The appearance and behaviour of living embryos is noted and the spermatozoon of one species figured. Possible feeding and other behaviour is discussed and it is concluded that the best line of future investigation lies with the shallow-water forms found in the Arctic Ocean.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effect of sporadic-E on high frequency radio wave propagation in the Arctic

2022 ◽  
pp. 105826
Author(s):  
T.G. Cameron ◽  
R.A.D. Fiori ◽  
D.R. Themens ◽  
E.M. Warrington ◽  
T. Thayaparan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Radio Wave ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Radio Wave Propagation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sporadic E

The Arctic Char of the West Coast of Hudson Bay

1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. M. Sprules
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
The West ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Limited Supply

A preliminary survey of the Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) in the vicinity of Term Point, N.W.T. on the west coast of Hudson Bay, was carried out from August 12 to September 13, 1948, to augment the biological data pertaining to this species and assess its importance in the area studied. Information relative to the rate of growth, food and spawning habits of sea-run arid landlocked populations was obtained. The dependence of the Eskimo residents on this species as a food coupled with the limited supply would seem to preclude the establishment of a commercial char fishery in this area.

Where Swedish polar research began: the Linnaean apostle Anton Rolandson Martin's voyage to Spitsbergen in 1758

Polar Record ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Jonas Hagström
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Rock Sample ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The West ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Carl Linnaeus

ABSTRACTIn 1758 the renowned Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus sent his student Anton Rolandson Martin to the Arctic on-board a whaler to collect scientific specimens. He became the first Swedish scientist to sail these northern waters and to set foot on Spitsbergen. But what route did the ship take and where exactly did he land? By using a combination of geographical information in Martin's diary together with latitude and wind directions from his meteorological records the ship's voyage has been reconstructed. The whaler set course directly to the west coast of Spitsbergen and then patrolled waters from there to the eastern flank of the ice fields off Greenland. The ship then returned to Spitsbergen as the whaling season drew to an end. Martin got the chance to set foot on land only once and for just two hours. After recent field work at the presumed locality 258 years after Martin's visit, his descriptions of the islets were checked and a first-hand comparison was made between the rock sample Martin brought home and the local bedrock. The author is now confident that the landing took place on Forlandsøyane islands, situated off the southwestern coast of Prins Karls Forland.

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