scholarly journals Routing on Geospatial Reference Information for Transport Networks of Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Cristina Calvo ◽  
Alicia González ◽  
Ángel Expósito
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Update Frequency

Abstract. The Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN) published the first release of the Geographic Reference Information on Transport Networks (GRI-TN) in March 2017. Its main goal was to fulfil INSPIRE Directive requirements, as well as to become the main data source for other products developed by the IGN regarding this theme. During the years following that first release, the focus has been on updating and improving the data. This fact has encouraged new data use cases, which differ from the initially planned ones, have arisen, allowing to detect problems in the data, and highlighting the need to evolve the data model, as well as the way in which they are provided to users (not only formats, but also update frequency). One of those use cases is finding the shortest paths between different points in the area covered by the Road Transport Network. In this article, the methodology used to do it is exposed; likewise, the setbacks that have come up during the process and the current limitations of the GRI-TN datasets in order to get most accurate results.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Model with Which to Safely Optimize the Configuration of Hydraulic Suspension of Modular Trailers in Special Road Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Rubén Escribano-García ◽  
Marina Corral-Bobadilla ◽  
Fátima Somovilla-Gómez ◽  
Rubén Lostado-Lorza ◽  
Ash Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Automatic Testing ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
On The Road

The dimensions and weight of machines, structures, and components that need to be transported safely by road are growing constantly. One of the safest and most widely used transport systems on the road today due to their versatility and configuration are modular trailers. These trailers have hydraulic pendulum axles that are that are attached in pairs to the rigid platform above. In turn, these modular trailers are subject to limitations on the load that each axle carries, the tipping angle, and the oil pressure of the suspension system in order to guarantee safe transport by road. Optimizing the configuration of these modular trailers accurately and safely is a complex task. Factors to be considered include the load’s characteristics, the trailer’s mechanical properties, and road route conditions including the road’s slope and camber, precipitation and direction, and force of the wind. This paper presents a theoretical model that can be used for the optimal configuration of hydraulic cylinder suspension of special transport by road using modular trailers. It considers the previously mentioned factors and guarantees the safe stability of road transport. The proposed model was validated experimentally by placing a nacelle wind turbine at different points within a modular trailer. The weight of the wind turbine was 42,500 kg and its dimensions were 5133 × 2650 × 2975 mm. Once the proposed model was validated, an optimization algorithm was employed to find the optimal center of gravity for load, number of trailers, number of axles, oil pressures, and hydraulic configuration. The optimization algorithm was based on the iterative and automatic testing of the proposed model for different positions on the trailer and different hydraulic configurations. The optimization algorithm was tested with a cylindrical tank that weighed 108,500 kg and had dimensions of 19,500 × 3200 × 2500 mm. The results showed that the proposed model and optimization algorithm could safely optimize the configuration of the hydraulic suspension of modular trailers in special road transport, increase the accuracy and reliability of the calculation of the load configuration, save time, simplify the calculation process, and be easily implemented.

scholarly journals Work-Related Accident Prevention in Norwegian Road and Maritime Transport: Examining the Influence of Different Sector Rules

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Tor-Olav Nævestad ◽  
Beate Elvebakk ◽  
Karen Ranestad
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
The Road ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Framework Conditions

About 36% of fatal road accidents in Norway involve at least one driver who is “at work”. It has been argued that the implementation of rules clearly defining the responsibility of road transport companies to prevent work related accidents, by implementing safety management systems (SMS), could lead to increased safety. In the present study we tested the validity of this suggestion, by examining the influence of different sector rules on work-related accident prevention in Norwegian road and maritime transport. In contrast to the road sector, the maritime sector has had rules requiring SMS for over 20 years, clearly defining the shipping companies responsibility for prevention of work-related accidents. The aims of the study were to: (1) examine how the different sector rules influence perceptions of whether the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents is clearly defined in each sector; and (2) compare respondents’ perceptions of the quality of their sectors’ efforts to prevent work-related accidents, and factors influencing this. The study was based on a small-scale survey (N = 112) and qualitative interviews with sector experts (N = 17) from companies, authorities, and NGOs in the road and the maritime sectors. Results indicate that respondents in the maritime sector perceive the responsibility to prevent work-related accidents as far more clearly defined, and they rate their sector’s efforts to prevent accidents as higher than respondents in road. Multivariate analyses indicate that this is related to the scope of safety regulations in the sectors studied, controlled for several important framework conditions. Based on the results, we conclude that the implementation of SMS rules focused on transport companies’ responsibility to prevent work-related accidents could improve safety in the road sector. However, due to barriers to SMS implementation in the road sector, we suggest starting with a simplified version of SMS.

Legal and organizational basis for ensuring road safety in the Ukrainian SSR in 1948–1953

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Maksim P. Tishakov
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Government

The work, based on previously little available for research, as well as materials and documents found in archival institutions, reflects the legal basis for ensuring road safety in 1948-1953, the state and organizational and legal measures taken in the field of combating accidents in road transport at the republican level by the example Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Attention is focused on the key problems that determine the development of the road safety system, the measures taken, their effectiveness, mistakes and achievements. Measures to counteract accidents in vehicles are investigated from a historical and legal standpoint, a critical and detailed analysis of decrees and orders of the government, departmental regulatory legal acts. It was found that the presence of a significant number of administrative decisions of the republican authorities of Soviet Ukraine, although it was a rather progressive step for its time, did not fully take into account the reality of achieving the set goals, local conditions and peculiarities. At the same time, the functioning of the emerging road safety system was significantly hampered by the lack of a unified national policy in the context of the rapid growth and development of the country’s automobile and road complex.

scholarly journals A stochastic programming approach for Shelter location and evacuation planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedat Bayram ◽  
Hande Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Programming ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Evacuation Planning ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Allocation ◽  
Evacuation Plan ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Shelter location and traffic allocation decisions are critical for an efficient evacuation plan. In this study, we propose a scenario-based two-stage stochastic evacuation planning model that optimally locates shelter sites and that assigns evacuees to nearest shelters and to shortest paths within a tolerance degree to minimize the expected total evacuation time. Our model considers the uncertainty in the evacuation demand and the disruption in the road network and shelter sites. We present a case study for a potential earthquake in Istanbul. We compare the performance of the stochastic programming solutions to solutions based on single scenarios and mean values.

scholarly journals Strategies to link rural areas to European and national transport networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04020
Author(s):  
Dana Sitányiová ◽  
Soňa Masarovičová ◽  
Daniele Berselli ◽  
Antonio Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Peripheral Areas

Transport capacity is very important indicator of country’s economic power reflecting its economic development. All means of transport must be efficient and able to transport goods and people as cheaply and quickly as possible. This requires constant upgrading of transport networks often with limited budget. This is a problem especially in rural areas, where population density is very low and there are difficulties in providing transport links between cities and rural communities. It is very expensive to upgrade transport network and also to ensure public transport services there. Individual car transport can diminish the problem, but some groups (the young, old or poor) will always require public transport service, moreover increasing car traffic put pressure especially on existing road transport. Public transport linking isolated rural regions to transport hubs towards the European and national transport networks play a crucial role in that regard. Paper presents some outputs of RUMOBIL project focusing on pilot actions testing a number of innovative applications during a period 2017-2018 how sparsely populated peripheral areas can be better linked to a primary, secondary or tertiary transport node by public transport.

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