FAILURE MECHANISM ANALYSIS CONSIDERS THE HYDROLOGICAL AND SEISMIC CONDITIONS AT CHASHAN SITE IN CENTRAL TAIWAN

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The investigation results of large-scale landslides in the central part of Taiwan from Central Geologic Survey identified a new, largescale landslide in the Chashan Village of Alishan Township, Chiayi County (ID: D160) which has the potential to influence the safety of Chashan Village residents. In coordination with the surface geological survey, Chashan site can be divided into three potential sliding areas (zones A, B and C). The paper uses GeoStudio for evaluating the stability of different hydrological and seismic scenarios. The results of scenario simulation show that: (1) In the normal and high water level scenarios, the safety factor obtained in zone A is greater than 1.0, and the initial judgment belongs to the stable state; (2) In the earthquake scenarios, the A4 potential sliding mass in zone A will be collapsed; (3) Through the scenario simulation, when the water level in zone A rises more than 25 meters or the PGA exceeds 160 gal, it is possible to cause the collapse of A4 potential sliding mass. The result of the study will contribute that the complex phenomenon between the stability of landslides and hydrogeological conditions can be revealed and clarified through the detailed study on the hydrogeological investigation, observation and the numerical simulation.</p>

Download Full-text

The Study of the Impact for Coastal Engineering on High Water Level Induced by Storm Surges in Bohai Bay

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.810 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 94-96 ◽

pp. 810-814

Author(s):

Jin Shan Zhang ◽

Wei Sheng Zhang ◽

Chen Cheng ◽

Lin Yun Sun

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Storm Surge ◽

Large Scale ◽

Storm Surges ◽

High Water ◽

Coastal Engineering ◽

Cold Wave ◽

Bohai Bay ◽

Ocean Engineering ◽

The Impact

Bohai Bay is an semi-closed bay, the storm surge disaster is very serious in past. Now more and more large ocean engineering are built here, To study changes of storm surge induced by the construction of large-scale coastal engineering in Bohai Bay in present, 2D numerical storm surge model is established with large - medium - small model nested approach. The three most typical storms surges: 9216, 9711 and by cold wave in October 2003 are simulated in the condition of before and after implementation of planning projects in Bohai Bay. Changes of storm surge water level due to implementation of artificial projects are analysis in this paper.

Download Full-text

STORM SURGE FORECASTING METHODS IN ENCLOSED SEAS

Coastal Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.9753/icce.v16.58 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 1 (16) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

P.F. Hamblin

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Storm Surge ◽

Storm Surges ◽

High Water ◽

Computational Effort ◽

Water Levels ◽

Large Lakes ◽

Forecasting Methods ◽

The Stability ◽

Storm Surge Forecasting

Storm surges in enclosed seas although generally not as large in amplitude as their oceanic counterparts are nonetheless of considerable importance when low lying shoreline profiles, shallow water depth, and favourable geographical orientation to storm winds occur together. High water may result in shoreline innundation and in enhanced shoreline erosion. Conversely low water levels are hazardous to navigation. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of storm surge forecasting in enclosed basins with emphasis on automated operational procedures. In general, operational forecasting methods must be based on standard forecast parameters, require a minimum of computational effort in the preparation of the forecast, must be applicable to lakes of different geometry and to any point on the shore, and to be able to resolve water level changes on an hourly basis to 10 cm in the case of high water level excursions associated with large lakes and less than that for smaller lakes. Particular physical effects arising in lakes which make these constraints difficult to fulfill are the reflections of resurgences of water levels arising from lateral boundaries, the stability of the atmospheric boundary layer and the presence of such subsynoptic disturbances as squall lines and travelling pressure jumps.

Download Full-text

Rapid Consolidation Behavior of Dredged Clays at High Water Content

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2966 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 368-373 ◽

pp. 2966-2970

Author(s):

Yu Peng Cao ◽

Jian Wen Ding ◽

Xia Bian ◽

Feng Ji ◽

Gui Zhong Xu

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

High Water ◽

Laboratory Model ◽

High Water Content ◽

Vertical Drains ◽

Drainage Rate ◽

Horizontal Drains ◽

The Stability ◽

Stability Time ◽

Consolidation Behavior

Consolidation of dredged clays with a system of horizontal and vertical drains is considered. Horizontal drains in the system are made of sand layers, while vertical drains are plastic vertical drains (PVD). Laboratory model tests are performed to study the rapid consolidation behavior of layered clay-sand and clay with PVD. Special cares are given to settlement and the drainage rate of dredged clays with radial and vertical drain system. Numerical analysis is also used to identify the stability time of consolidation, and to verify which method is better suitable for handling large-scale dredged clays.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Geogrid for Protecting Polder in Sundarban Coastal Region

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.28.96 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 96-111

Author(s):

A.B.M. Tausif Ullah Chy ◽

Saurav Barua ◽

Mehedi Ahmed Ansary

Keyword(s):

Stability Analysis ◽

Water Table ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Large Scale ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Cost Effective ◽

High Water ◽

Sieve Analysis ◽

Embankment Height ◽

The Stability

Numbers of large scale polders are constructed to protect low-lying coastal area of Sundarban in Bangladesh during 1960s. At present, there are number of polders occupying an area of about 1.2 million hectares, which are vulnerable to breach and cause immense misery to millions of people every year. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety factors (FoS) of those Polder embankments during diurnal tidal cycle in coastal area and provide solution to improve the stability of embankment through installation of geogrid layers. To investigate vulnerability of the embankment failure, soil samples are collected from several borehole locations in Satkhira, a coastal site of Sundarban area. Field test—SPT and several Laboratory tests—direct shear test and Sieve analysis test have been carried out to determine shear strength, angle of internal frictions and grain size distribution. Slope stability analysis are performed using Geo5 software under several conditions—high water table (HWT), low water table (LWT) and rapid drawdown (RD) with side slope are 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2 and embankment height are 5m, 7.5m and 10m. The safety factor has been found lowest at rapid drawdown condition because of rapid recession of external water level. The lower FoS have been found 0.68, 0.89 and 0.92 which can be improved to 1.23, 1.34 and 1.24 respectively by installing several geogrid layers. Simplified Bishop Method have been used in Geo5 to perform the stability analysis under various conditions. In our investigation, HDPE biaxial geogrid have been taken to strengthen of polder embankments, which are timesaving, cost effective and efficient, side by side suitable for Sundarban area. The findings and solutions proposed by the study will help geotechnical engineers to reduce the vulnerability of Polder embankment under similar coastal conditions.

Download Full-text

Torsional stress can regulate the unwrapping of two outer half superhelical turns of nucleosomal DNA

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2020452118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (7) ◽

pp. e2020452118

Author(s):

Hisashi Ishida ◽

Hidetoshi Kono

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Stable State ◽

Regulatory Proteins ◽

Torsional Stress ◽

Major Groove ◽

Free Energies ◽

Nucleosomal Dna ◽

Inherent Nature ◽

The Stability ◽

Dynamics Simulations

Torsional stress has a significant impact on the structure and stability of the nucleosome. RNA polymerase imposes torsional stress on the DNA in chromatin and unwraps the DNA from the nucleosome to access the genetic information encoded in the DNA. To understand how the torsional stress affects the stability of the nucleosome, we examined the unwrapping of two half superhelical turns of nucleosomal DNA from either end of the DNA under torsional stress with all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The free energies for unwrapping the DNA indicate that positive stress that overtwists DNA facilitates a large-scale asymmetric unwrapping of the DNA without a large extension of the DNA. During the unwrapping, one end of the DNA was dissociated from H3 and H2A-H2B, while the other end of the DNA stably remained wrapped. The detailed analysis indicates that this asymmetric dissociation is facilitated by the geometry and bendability of the DNA under positive stress. The geometry stabilized the interaction between the major groove of the twisted DNA and the H3 αN-helix, and the straightened DNA destabilized the interaction with H2A-H2B. Under negative stress, the DNA became more bendable and flexible, which facilitated the binding of the unwrapped DNA to the octamer in a stable state. Consequently, we conclude that the torsional stress has a significant impact on the affinity of the DNA and the octamer through the inherent nature of the DNA and can change the accessibility of regulatory proteins.

Download Full-text

LANDSLIDE RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR DUE THE DESIGN OF HIGH-SPEED LINE "MOSCOW-KAZAN"

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9403c99983.72529271 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Nikolai Petrov ◽

Inna Nikonorova ◽

Vladimir Mashin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Computational Models ◽

Stable State ◽

Landslide Risk ◽

Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽

Stepped Surface ◽

The Stability ◽

Landslide Slope ◽

The Village

High-speed railway "Moscow-Kazan" by the draft crosses the Volga (Kuibyshev reservoir) in Chuvashia region 500 m below the village of New Kushnikovo. The crossing plot is a right-bank landslide slope with a stepped surface. Its height is 80 m; the slope steepness -15-16o. The authors should assess the risk of landslides and recommend anti-landslide measures to ensure the safety of the future bridge. For this landslide factors have been analyzed, slope stability assessment has been performed and recommendations have been suggested. The role of the following factors have been analyzed: 1) hydrologic - erosion and abrasion reservoir and runoff role; 2) lithologyc (the presence of Urzhum and Northern Dvina horizons of plastically deformable rocks, displacement areas); 3) hydrogeological (the role of perched, ground and interstratal water); 4) geomorphological (presence of the elemental composition of sliding systems and their structure in the relief); 5) exogeodynamic (cycles and stages of landslide systems development, mechanisms and relationship between landslide tiers of different generations and blocks contained in tiers). As a result 6-7 computational models at each of the three engineering-geological sections were made. The stability was evaluated by the method “of the leaning slope”. It is proved that the slope is in a very stable state and requires the following measures: 1) unloading (truncation) of active heads blocks of landslide tiers) and the edge of the plateau, 2) regulation of the surface and groundwater flow, 3) concrete dam, if necessary.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Large-scale spatial synchrony and the stability of forest biodiversity revisited.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718013633.793477496 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Ryan Chisholm

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Forest Biodiversity ◽

Spatial Synchrony ◽

The Stability

Download Full-text

Development and Characterization of Two Types of Surface Displayed Levansucrases for Levan Biosynthesis

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11070757 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 757

Author(s):

Huiyi Shang ◽

Danni Yang ◽

Dairong Qiao ◽

Hui Xu ◽

Yi Cao

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Large Scale ◽

Surface Display ◽

Yeast Surface Display ◽

Fusion Partner ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Food Industries ◽

Yeast Surface ◽

The Stability

Levan has wide applications in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The free levansucrase is usually used in the biosynthesis of levan, but the poor reusability and low stability of free levansucrase have limited its large-scale use. To address this problem, the surface-displayed levansucrase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae were generated and evaluated in this study. The levansucrase from Zymomonas mobilis was displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100 using a various yeast surface display platform. The N-terminal fusion partner is based on a-agglutinin, and the C-terminal one is Flo1p. The yield of levan produced by these two whole-cell biocatalysts reaches 26 g/L and 34 g/L in 24 h, respectively. Meanwhile, the stability of the surface-displayed levansucrases is significantly enhanced. After six reuses, these two biocatalysts retained over 50% and 60% of their initial activities, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular weight and polydispersity test of the products suggested that the whole-cell biocatalyst of levansucrase displayed by Flo1p has more potentials in the production of levan with low molecular weight which is critical in certain applications. In conclusion, our method not only enable the possibility to reuse the enzyme, but also improves the stability of the enzyme.

Download Full-text

INTRACISTRONIC MAPPING OF ELECTROPHORETIC SITES IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: FIDELITY OF INFORMATION TRANSFER BY GENE CONVERSION

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/76.2.289 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 289-299

Author(s):

Margaret McCarron ◽

William Gelbart ◽

Arthur Chovnick

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Information Transfer ◽

Large Scale ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽

Specific Protein ◽

Wild Type ◽

Electrophoretic Variation ◽

The Stability ◽

Recombination Experiments

ABSTRACT A convenient method is described for the intracistronic mapping of genetic sites responsible for electrophoretic variation of a specific protein in Drosophila melanogaster. A number of wild-type isoalleles of the rosy locus have been isolated which are associated with the production of electrophoretically distinguishable xanthine dehydrogenases. Large-scale recombination experiments were carried out involving null enzyme mutants induced on electrophoretically distinct wild-type isoalleles, the genetic basis for which is followed as a nonselective marker in the cross. Additionally, a large-scale recombination experiment was carried out involving null enzyme rosy mutants induced on the same wild-type isoallele. Examination of the electrophoretic character of crossover and convertant products recovered from the latter experiment revealed that all exhibited the same parental electrophoretic character. In addition to documenting the stability of the xanthine dehydrogenase electrophoretic character, this observation argues against a special mutagenesis hypothesis to explain conversions resulting from allele recombination studies.

Download Full-text