BODY OF KNOWLEDGE FOR THE EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION SECTOR – A BASIS FOR INNOVATIVE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

Abstract. With new Earth Observation (EO) and Geoinformation (GI) data sources increasingly becoming available, evermore new skills for data collection, processing, analysis and application are required. They are needed not only from scientists, but also from practitioners working in businesses, public and private EO*GI and related sectors. Aligning the continuously evolving skill sets demanded by the market and existing academic and vocational training programmes is not an easy task. Training programmes should be grounded in real needs of the sector and its labour market. To do this, it is necessary to identify the knowledge and skills needed, and map their interconnectivity in specific frameworks, which can later be used for the definition of new curricula or job-oriented learning paths. This paper presents a framework for the EO*GI sector, based on a Body of Knowledge (BoK), by creating a complete set of concepts with a semantic structure underneath that supports academia and industry. Creating and updating the BoK is supported by an editing tool, the Living Textbook and by experts in the EO*GI domain, who contributes to the BoK’s enrichment.

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Towards Federated Satellite Systems and Internet of Satellites: The Federation Deployment Control Protocol

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13050982 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joan A. Ruiz-de-Azua ◽

Nicola Garzaniti ◽

Alessandro Golkar ◽

Anna Calveras ◽

Adriano Camps

Keyword(s):

Data Storage ◽

Negotiation Process ◽

Earth Observation ◽

Low Latency ◽

Field Campaign ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Control Protocol ◽

Ground Station ◽

The Earth ◽

Definition Of

Presently, the Earth Observation community is demanding applications that provide low latency and high downlink capabilities. An increase in downlink contacts becomes essential to meet these new requirements. The Federated Satellite Systems concept addresses this demand by promoting satellite collaborations to share unused downlink opportunities. These collaborations are established opportunistically and temporarily, posing multiple technology challenges to be implemented in-orbit. This work contributes to the definition of the Federation Deployment Control Protocol which formalizes a mechanism to fairly establish and manage these collaborations by employing a negotiation process between the satellites. Moreover, this manuscript presents the results of a validation campaign of this protocol with three stratospheric balloons. In summary, more than 27 federations with 63.0% of throughput were established during the field campaign. Some of these federations were used to download data to the ground, and others were established to balance data storage between balloons. These federations allowed also the extension of the coverage of a ground station with a federation that relayed data through a balloon, and the achievement of a hybrid scenario with one balloon forwarding data from a ground device. The results demonstrate that the proposed protocol is functional and ready to be embedded in a CubeSat mission.

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KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS RELATED TO ACTIVE OPTICAL SENSORS IN THE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE FOR EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION (EO4GEO BOK)

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-v-5-2021-9-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol V-5-2021 ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

C. Dubois ◽

B. Jutzi ◽

M. Olijslagers ◽

C. Pathe ◽

C. Schmullius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Sensors ◽

Earth Observation ◽

The Body ◽

Academic Training ◽

Mobile Mapping ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Training Requirements ◽

Body Of Knowledge ◽

Close Range ◽

Definition Of

Abstract. The field of Earth Observation (EO) and Geoinformation (GI) is gaining more and more importance due to the increasing number of data and data processing algorithms to respond even more accurately to a variety of challenges in many application areas. In order to follow recent activities and align the exponential evolution of datasets and recent processing trends with market and academic training requirements, the EO*GI sector needs an updated and new definition of knowledge and skills. To this goal, a specific body of knowledge for Earth Observation and Geoinformation (EO4GEO BoK) is currently being implemented with the aim of providing interconnected concepts and job-oriented skills. One novelty of the BoK is to include topics related to Earth Observation, in particular to introduce the different sensors used in this field. Active optical sensors are at the crossroad between Earth Observation and close-range photogrammetry and have not been described in any other existing BoK. This paper introduces therefore the part of the EO4GEO BoK that is dedicated to active optical sensors. Such systems are used in various job-oriented applications such as archeology, mobile mapping, indoor or outdoor, or for surveying purposes, just to name a few. The structure of this part of the BoK is explained and specific descriptions and relationships between the identified concepts are given. Finally, the skills acquired by completing these BoK concepts are presented and discussed in terms of how they can be used in a professional context or in the definition of job-oriented learning paths.

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Addressing Grand Challenges in Earth Observation Science: The Earth Observation Data Centre for Water Resources Monitoring

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsannals-ii-7-81-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol II-7 ◽

pp. 81-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

W. Wagner ◽

J. Fröhlich ◽

G. Wotawa ◽

R. Stowasser ◽

M. Staudinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Satellite Data ◽

Earth Observation ◽

Data Sets ◽

Observation Data ◽

Public And Private ◽

Data Centre ◽

The Earth ◽

Fully Automatic ◽

Earth Observation Data

Earth observation is entering a new era where the increasing availability of free and open global satellite data sets combined with the computing power offered by modern information technologies opens up the possibility to process high-resolution data sets at global scale and short repeat intervals in a fully automatic fashion. This will not only boost the availability of higher level earth observation data in purely quantitative terms, but can also be expected to trigger a step change in the quality and usability of earth observation data. However, the technical, scientific, and organisational challenges that need to be overcome to arrive at this point are significant. First of all, Petabyte-scale data centres are needed for storing and processing complete satellite data records. Second, innovative processing chains that allow fully automatic processing of the satellite data from the raw sensor records to higher-level geophysical products need to be developed. Last but not least, new models of cooperation between public and private actors need to be found in order to live up to the first two challenges. This paper offers a discussion of how the Earth Observation Data Centre for Water Resources Monitoring (EODC) – a catalyser for an open and international cooperation of public and private organisations – will address these three grand challenges with the aim to foster the use of earth observation for monitoring of global water resources.

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The Noise Abatement Campaign in Industrializing Japan, 1923–37

Resonance ◽

10.1525/res.2020.1.3.298 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 298-327

Author(s):

Shuhei Hosokawa

Keyword(s):

Public Opinion ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Public Realm ◽

Political Responsibility ◽

Noise Abatement ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Causal Responsibility ◽

Kanto Earthquake ◽

Definition Of

Drawing on Karin Bijsterveld’s triple definition of noise as ownership, political responsibility, and causal responsibility, this article traces how modern Japan problematized noise, and how noise represented both the aspirational discourse of Western civilization and the experiential nuisance accompanying rapid changes in living conditions in 1920s Japan. Primarily based on newspaper archives, the analysis will approach the problematic of noise as it was manifested in different ways in the public and private realms. In the public realm, the mid-1920s marked a turning point due to the reconstruction work after the Great Kantô Earthquake (1923) and the spread of the use of radios, phonographs, and loudspeakers. Within a few years, public opinion against noise had been formed by a coalition of journalists, police, the judiciary, engineers, academics, and municipal officials. This section will also address the legal regulation of noise and its failure; because public opinion was “owned” by middle-class (sub)urbanites, factory noises in downtown areas were hardly included in noise abatement discourse. Around 1930, the sounds of radios became a social problem, but the police and the courts hesitated to intervene in a “private” conflict, partly because they valued radio as a tool for encouraging nationalist mobilization and transmitting announcements from above. In sum, this article investigates the diverse contexts in which noise was perceived and interpreted as such, as noise became an integral part of modern life in early 20th-century Japan.

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The cooperation between ESA and EU regarding the Earth observation

57th International Astronautical Congress ◽

10.2514/6.iac-06-e6.3.03 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Madel Carmen Muñoz Rodríguez ◽

Juan Manuel de Faramiñán Gilbert

Keyword(s):

Earth Observation ◽

The Earth

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Employees Attitude towards E-Learning in Banking Sector -An Empirical Study of Shivamogga District

Restaurant Business ◽

10.26643/rb.v118i10.9112 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 118 (10) ◽

pp. 88-106

Author(s):

Dr.Mamatha. S.M ◽

Mr.Panduranganagouda Honnali

Keyword(s):

Banking Sector ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Private Bank ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Body Of Knowledge ◽

E Learning ◽

Banking Structure ◽

Bank Employees ◽

Methods Of Learning

E-learning has become a global phenomenon and it is the central theme of many industries and organizations for the additional method of training which can complement traditional methods of learning. The practices of E-learning and Learning management system (LMS) in the banking sector make the drastic changes in the employee performance and their knowledge regarding job in the modern banking structure. This study provides a comprehensive body of knowledge about LMS and e-learning, in general, within the public and private bank in India. The main objective of this paper to understand and analyze the attitude of employees towards E-learning practices in banking sector in Shivamogga district. The data was analyzed by using exploratory factor analysis, based on the responses received from a random the sample 50 of the bank employees working in the private sector banks.

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Our goal is to establish the earth observation data in the business world Unser Ziel ist es, die Erdbeobachtungsdaten in der Geschäftswelt zu etablieren

GIS Business ◽

10.26643/gis.v12i3.5187 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 12-14

Author(s):

Eicher, A

Keyword(s):

Earth Observation ◽

Observation Data ◽

Business World ◽

The Earth ◽

Earth Observation Data

Our goal is to establish the earth observation data in the business world Unser Ziel ist es, die Erdbeobachtungsdaten in der Geschäftswelt zu etablieren

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Estimating the Earth’s Outgoing Longwave Radiation Measured from a Moon-Based Platform

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13112201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2201

Author(s):

Hanlin Ye ◽

Huadong Guo ◽

Guang Liu ◽

Jinsong Ping ◽

Lu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outgoing Longwave Radiation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Single Point ◽

Longwave Radiation ◽

Earth Observation ◽

Artificial Satellites ◽

Earth Observations ◽

The Earth ◽

Observation Geometry ◽

Global Mean

Moon-based Earth observations have attracted significant attention across many large-scale phenomena. As the only natural satellite of the Earth, and having a stable lunar surface as well as a particular orbit, Moon-based Earth observations allow the Earth to be viewed as a single point. Furthermore, in contrast with artificial satellites, the varied inclination of Moon-based observations can improve angular samplings of specific locations on Earth. However, the potential for estimating the global outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) from the Earth with such a platform has not yet been fully explored. To evaluate the possibility of calculating OLR using specific Earth observation geometry, we constructed a model to estimate Moon-based OLR measurements and investigated the potential of a Moon-based platform to acquire the necessary data to estimate global mean OLR. The primary method of our study is the discretization of the observational scope into various elements and the consequent integration of the OLR of all elements. Our results indicate that a Moon-based platform is suitable for global sampling related to the calculation of global mean OLR. By separating the geometric and anisotropic factors from the measurement calculations, we ensured that measured values include the effects of the Moon-based Earth observation geometry and the anisotropy of the scenes in the observational scope. Although our results indicate that higher measured values can be achieved if the platform is located near the center of the lunar disk, a maximum difference between locations of approximately 9 × 10−4 W m−2 indicates that the effect of location is too small to remarkably improve observation performance of the platform. In conclusion, our analysis demonstrates that a Moon-based platform has the potential to provide continuous, adequate, and long-term data for estimating global mean OLR.

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An Examination of Women's Perspectives on Power

Psychology of Women Quarterly ◽

10.1111/j.1471-6402.1992.tb00265.x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 415-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Cynthia L. Miller ◽

A. Gaye Cummins

Keyword(s):

Women’S Experiences ◽

Body Of Knowledge ◽

Women's Experiences ◽

Growing Body ◽

Personal Authority ◽

Women’S Perceptions ◽

Definition Of ◽

Men's Experience ◽

The Way

Historically, theoretical and popular conceptions about power have not included or addressed women's experiences. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge about women by examining women's perceptions of and relationship to power. One hundred twenty-five women, ranging in age from 21 to 63, were asked to define and explore power through a variety of structured and open-ended questions. The results showed that women's definition of power differed significantly from their perception of society's definition of power, as well as from the way power has traditionally been conceptualized. More theoretical and empirical attention should be given to understanding the role of personal authority in both women's and men's experience of power.

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Public and Private Social Welfare

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198828389.013.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152-172

Author(s):

Willem Adema ◽

Peter Whiteford

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Public Spending ◽

Social Expenditure ◽

Public And Private ◽

Incorrect Measurement ◽

Definition Of ◽

Distributional Impact ◽

The Impact ◽

The Welfare State

This chapter contributes to the discussion of public and private social welfare by drawing together recent information on these different ways of providing social benefits. It presents data on public social expenditure for 2015–17 and accounts for the impact of the tax system and private social expenditure to develop indicators on net social expenditure for 2015. The chapter shows that conventional estimates of gross public spending differ significantly from estimates of net public spending and net total social expenditure, leading to an incorrect measurement and ranking of total social welfare effort across countries.Just as importantly, the fact that total social welfare support is incorrectly measured implies that the outcomes of welfare state support may also be incorrectly measured. Thus, the main objectives of the chapter include considering the implications of this more comprehensive definition of welfare state effort for analysis of the distributional impact of the welfare state and for an assessment of the efficiency and incentive effects of different welfare state arrangements.

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