scholarly journals Perceptions communautaires du couple sécheresse/déboisement dans le sous-bassin versant de Koumagou à Boukoumbé (Nord-Ouest Bénin)

2021 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Ibouraima Yabi ◽  
Mahamoud N'tcha Tchanati ◽  
Akindélé Akibou
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
North West ◽  
Bassin Versant ◽  
Eaux Souterraines

Abstract. Au-delà des analyses climatologiques et statistiques, la présente communication s'intéresse aux connaissances communautaires relatives au couple sécheresse-déboisement qui sont les principaux moteurs de la dynamique environnementale dans le sous bassin versant de Koumagou au Nord-Ouest du Bénin. Sur la base des investigations auprès d'un échantillon de 180 personnes, les perceptions communautaires relatives aux manifestations, causes et conséquences des deux fléaux sans oublier les mesures d'adaptation, sont analysées. Des paramètres de la statistique descriptive ont été utilisés pour le traitement des données. La sécheresse est causée par le déboisement massif et la colère des dieux alors que l'agriculture et l'exploitation forestière sont perçues comme la cause du déboisement. Les ressources en eau, les ressources végétales et les sols sont les plus affectés selon les répondants avec des conséquences socioéconomiques. Les mesures d'adaptation concernent l'ajustement des pratiques culturales, le reboisement, la création des aires protégées communautaires, la mobilisation des eaux souterraines. Abstract. Beyond climatological and statistical analyzes, this communication focuses on community knowledge relating to the combination of drought and deforestation, which are the main drivers of environmental dynamics in the Koumagou sub-watershed in north-west Benin. Based on investigations of a sample of 180 people, community perceptions relating to the manifestations, causes and consequences of the two scourges, not to mention adaptation measures, are analyzed. Descriptive statistics parameters were used for data processing. Drought is caused by massive deforestation and the wrath of the gods while agriculture and forestry are seen as the cause of deforestation. Water resources, plant resources and soils are the most affected according to the respondents with socio-economic consequences. The adaptation measures concern the adjustment of cultural practices, reforestation, the creation of community protected areas, the mobilization of groundwater.

Situation des ressources en eau du bassin versant de la Macta (nord-ouest Algérien)

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
K. Semari ◽  
L. Benayada
Keyword(s):  
Cette Augmentation ◽  
Ouest Algérien ◽  
Bassin Versant ◽  
Eaux Souterraines

Le bassin versant de la Macta est situé au nord-ouest de l’Algérie, il s’étend sur une superficie de 14 389 km2 avec une population de 1 231 824 habitants en 1998 et de 1 724 905 habitants en 2008. Il est caractérisé par un climat semi-aride, les valeurs de pluies moyennes annuelles varient entre 200 et 404 mm durant la période 1980-2011, avec une moyenne de 285 mm. On a déterminé deux périodes distinctes : une période sèche (1981-1995), caractérisée par une tendance à la diminution des précipitations, et une période humide (1996-2011), caractérisée par une tendance à l’augmentation des précipitations. Toutefois, cette augmentation n’a pas un grand effet sur les quantités d’eau écoulées à travers les cours d’eau principaux (oued El Hammam et oued Mekerra), l’écoulement est donc déficitaire. La diminution des potentialités en eaux souterraines et superficielles conduit à une situation hydrique déficitaire pour le bassin versant de la Macta. En effet, les besoins sans cesse croissants en eau, pour tous les secteurs, dépassent les ressources en eau disponibles. Le but de ce travail est d’examiner les causes et les facteurs aggravants du manque d’eau et de proposer des solutions. Afin de réduire les pénuries d’eau, il faut agir sur la demande en eau par la mise en place des programmes de sensibilisation et de tarification des ressources en eau et par la lutte contre les fuites dans les canalisations et le gaspillage de l’eau.

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN KAMPUNG WISATA WATU GONG KELURAHAN TLOGOMAS RW 03 KECAMATAN LOWOKWARU KOTA MALANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifky Aldila Primasworo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
North West ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Conservation Zones

Kota Malang memiliki segudang aset dan potensi untuk bisa mewujudkan perancangan kota secara ideal, memberi nilai tambah fisik dan non-fisik. Salah satunya Kelurahan yang berada Di Kota Malang yaitru Kelurahan Tlogomas. Kelurahan ini yang memiliki peninggalan sejarah pada jaman Kerajaan Kanjuruhan. Beberapa situs dan peninggalan kerajaan pada masa itu yang tersebar berada Di Kelurahan Tlogomas Di RW 03 Kota Malang. Beberapa potensi fisik dan non-fisik di Kampung Watu Gong Tlogomas terutama Di RW 03 antara lain potensi jalan yang mudah, sumber air dan daerah aliran sungai, terdapat Situs Peninggalan Kerajaan Kanjuruhan, produksi Kerajinan masyarakat lokal seperti kompor dan pengolahan limbah plastik, tersedianya gapura yang memiliki unsur sejarah dan terselenggaranya beberapa even-even kesenian tradisional. Gambaran objek atau ide rancangan dari perencanaan yang berada Di Kelurahan Tlogomas RW 03 Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang terdiri dari 6 (enam) bagian meliputi 1.Pintu gerbang utama ; 2.Sepanjang jalan Kanjuruhan (utara); 3.Sepanjang jalan Kanjuruhan (Timur-barat) ; 4.Pintu gerbang selatan; 5.Gang IV (kawasan menuju situs); 6.Pendopo Agung. Strategi yang dilakukan dalam mengenbangkan kampug wisata Watu Gong adalah pengaplikasian 5 unsur (unsur edukatif, ekologis, budaya, estetika dan unsur ekonomi) ke dalam masing-masing zonasi perencanaan ruang (Zona inti, zona pengembangan/buffer area dan zona konservasi). Kata-kata kunci : Tlogomas, Watu Gong, Perencanaan Abstract Malang city has a myriad of assets thats potential to be realized in urban design ideally, given the added value of physical and non-physical. One of the district area in Malang is Tlogomas district. These district have historical relics on Kanjuruhan Kingdom era. Some of sites dan relics are spread in RW 03 malang Tlogomas District at that time. Some of the potential physical and non-physical in Watu Gong Tlogomas in RW 03, such as potential easy road, water resources and watersheds, there is a World Heritage kingdom Kanjuruhan, production Craft local communities such as stoves and processing of plastic waste, available arch has elements of history and implementation some of the traditional art events. Description of design planning idea in Tlogomas district RW 03 Malang consist of 6 (six) section (1) main gate; (2) along of Kanjuruhan road/north (3) along of Kanjuruhan road (north-west) (4) South gate; (5) fourth street; (6) Pendopo court. The strategies in developing the tourist district of Watu Gong is the application of the five elements (elements of educational, ecological, cultural, aesthetic and economic elements) into each zone of space planning (Core Zone, the development zone / buffer areas and conservation zones). Keywords : Tlogomas, Watugong, Planning

scholarly journals Usos múltiplos da água por usuários outorgados nas bacias hidrográficas dos Rios Aguapeí e Peixe

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2172-2185
Author(s):  
Fernanda Buono da Silva ◽  
Timóteo Ramos Queiroz ◽  
Denilson Burkert ◽  
Rodrigo Lilla Manzione
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Uses

The growing demand for water resources can generate conflicts between different users. To this end, water resources management instruments were implemented, in particular the granting of the right to use, which prioritize the multiple and rational use of water. The work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the profile and the distribution of water uses granted in relation to socioeconomic aspects in the municipalities that make up the Hydrographic Basins Committee of the Aguapeí and Peixe Rivers (CBH-AP). Grant data from 58 municipalities with which descriptive statistics were analysed and prepared for the discussion on the scenario of the multiple uses of water granted. Subsequently, the data were given to the multiple regression statistical analysis, in which the relationship between the number of grants per municipality and its socioeconomic parameters was analyzed. The results demonstrated the grants in the municipalities that comprise an area covered by the Hydrographic Basins Committee of the Aguapeí and Peixe rivers are mainly related to the use of groundwater in rural areas. In the three municipalities (Bastos, Dracena and Tupã) concentrate 26% of the analyzed grants. The increase in MHDI and population, at the same time, stimulates the growth in the number of grants. Thus, there is a need to implement public policies that collaborate directly or indirectly to increase the regularization of water use.

Weaponizing Water in the Middle East

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
Tobias von Lossow
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Modern Warfare

Chapter 7 presents a closed case study on warfare in Syria and Iraq to contextualize the practice of weaponization of water by the so-called Islamic State (IS) discovering that with very few exceptions, the warring parties have used it as a weapon—in various ways, for multiple reasons, and with different impact in scale and scope resulting in severe humanitarian, environmental, and economic consequences. Nonetheless, the assessment of historical and regional records herein contributes to an understanding of IS’s role as a kind of front runner – frequently, systematically and openly weaponizing water to achieve its political and military goals. Ultimately, the chapter frames broader implications for water resources and water infrastructures as applied to future conflicts in the Middle East leading to a better understanding of the risks, threats, and mechanisms that may potentially allow the prevention of such acts –that are indeed orchestrated on a more frequent basis in the Middle East—from encouraging norm construction in the conduct of modern warfare.

scholarly journals Mapping Climate Vulnerability of River Basin Communities in Tanzania to Inform Resilience Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Macharia ◽  
Erneus Kaijage ◽  
Leif Kindberg ◽  
Grace Koech ◽  
Lilian Ndungu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Climate Variability And Change ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Climate Vulnerability

Increasing climate variability and change coupled with steady population growth is threatening water resources and livelihoods of communities living in the Wami-Ruvu and Rufiji basins in Tanzania. These basins are host to three large urban centers, namely Dar es Salaam, Dodoma and Morogoro, with a combined total of more than 7 million people. Increased demand for ecosystem services from the available surface water resources and a decreasing supply of clean and safe water are exacerbating the vulnerability of communities in these basins. Several studies have analyzed climate projects in the two basins but little attention has been paid to identify locations that have vulnerable communities in a spatially-explicit form. To address this gap, we worked with stakeholders from national and local government agencies, basin water boards and the Water Resources Integration Development Initiative (WARIDI) project funded by USAID to map the vulnerability of communities to climate variability and change in the two basins. A generalized methodology for mapping social vulnerability to climate change was used to integrate biophysical and socioeconomic indicators of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity and produced climate vulnerability index maps. Our analysis identified vulnerability “hotspots” where communities are at a greater risk from climate stressors. The results from this study were used to identify priority sites and adaptation measures for the implementation of resilience building interventions and to train local government agencies and communities on climate change adaptation measures in the two basins.

Vulnérabilité des eaux souterraines et périmètres de protection dans le bassin versant de la Mingoa (Yaoundé, Cameroun)

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Ghislain Tabué Youmbi ◽  
Dénis Ntamack ◽  
Roger Feumba ◽  
Emmanuel Ngnikam ◽  
Joseph Wéthé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bassin Versant ◽  
Eaux Souterraines

La présente étude traite de la vulnérabilité des nappes phréatiques et de la proposition d’un périmètre de protection dans le bassin versant de la Mingoa, menacées par les foyers de pollution notamment les latrines traditionnelles représentant 83 % des ouvrages d’assainissement individuel. Ces nappes phréatiques sont fortement sollicitées par près de 63 % des ménages non raccordés au réseau SNEC1 (LESEAU2, 2004). Le coefficient d’occupation des sols est de 90 %. La méthode repose sur les enquêtes, les observations directes et les analyses en laboratoire. Les résultats indiquent que l’épuration totale en zone non saturée selon la méthode Rehse est effectuée à plus de 3 mètres, les eaux souterraines sont de mauvaise qualité microbiologique. Deux zones de protection sont définies en tenant compte du contexte sociodémographique, pédologique et environnemental.

scholarly journals The river basins of Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and Paranapanema 4: socioeconomic and environmental aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
A. M. G. Godoy ◽  
M. L. L. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
The World

Scarcity of water in the world, virtually, has two sources: the quality and the quantity made available for populations. In the area covered by this study, the selected municipalities from the river basins 3 e 4 of the Paranapanema River and from the basin of the Pirapó River, availability is always greater than the demand and the environmental problems are more often linked to the quality than to the quantity of water. To check the socioeconomic aspects and the daily practices involving water resources and environmental problems we selected a representative sample of families from 10 studied municipalities. The main conclusions point to the existence of key municipalities, regarded as foci of pollution, i. e., the municipalities do not contribute in equal measure to the pollution of rivers from their regions and some stand out in economic activities and inherited cultural practices. However, respondents did not always relate the environmental impacts with their routine and productive activities. Thus, although the new legal environment imposes new practices, there are still cultural heritages, which require more incisive and continuous public interventions.

Effect of preceding season cultural practices on mustard (Brassica juncea Czern) under semi-arid rainfed conditions of north-west India

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
G. Giri ◽  
G. Saran
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
North West ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Preceding Season ◽  
Semi Arid

SUMMARYA field trial was made for 3 years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi under semi-arid rainfed conditions to study the effect of the preceding season cultural practices on mustard and to assess the possibility of double cropping, and the results are discussed. Preceding season cultural practices, i. e. ploughing in fallow or growing cow pea for fodder or mung for grain (both short-duration crops) increased the yield of the mustard crop compared with no tillage or growing pearl millet in preceding season. Yield of mustard following tillage, fodder cow pea or mung with mulch was similar; hence it is concluded that double cropping is possible under such conditions instead of conventional tillage-mustard, monoeropping practice. It is also concluded that frequent ploughings could be greatly reduced to give few but more effective cultivations, but more research into reducing cultivation during the preceding season should be carried out.

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