scholarly journals Protecting Pregnant Pennsylvanians: Public Funding of Crisis Pregnancy Centers

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meagan McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Right To Know ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Legislative Action ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
History Of

Following a brief overview of the history of CPCs in the United States and the “abortion alternatives” program in Pennsylvania, this Note examines possible legal claims in terms of legal standards and likelihood of success. The results of a Right to Know (“RTK”) request directed toward the Pennsylvania DPW, including both what the DPW offered to produce and what it refused to produce, will supplement this evaluation of possible legal claims. This Note also proposes Public policy recommendations aimed at eliminating the DPW’s liability for these claims in the interest of preventing abusive tactics by CPCs and conserving public funds. Finally, this Note compares the relative benefits and disadvantages of legislative and regulatory reform to those of litigation. Either litigative or legislative action is necessary to prevent publically funded CPCs from inflicting further harm on pregnant Pennsylvanians.

Animal Pain Scales in Public Policy

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_part_1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
F. Barbara Orlans
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Animal Pain ◽  
Pain Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Pain scales classify the severity of pain inflicted on laboratory animals from little or none up to severe. A pain scale as part of public policy serves beneficial purposes that promote animal welfare. It can be used to educate people about the two alternatives of refinement and replacement, and the need to reduce animal pain. Furthermore, a pain scale has practical applications: 1) in review procedures for animal welfare concerns; 2) in developing policies on the use of animals in education; and 3) as a basis for collecting national data on animal experimentation, so that meaningful data can be collected on trends in reduction and control in animal pain. So far, only a few countries (including Sweden, the Netherlands, Canada and New Zealand) have adopted pain scales as part of their public policy. Most countries, including the United States, have not yet done so. The history of the development and adoption of pain scales by various countries is described and the case is presented for wider adoption of a pain scale in countries not currently using one.

History of Research in Developmental Psychology

2013 ◽  
pp. 12-34
Author(s):  
W. Andrew Collins ◽  
Willard W. Hartup
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
First Century ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of

This chapter summarizes the emergence and prominent features of a science of psychological development. Pioneering researchers established laboratories in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century to examine the significance of successive changes in the organism with the passage of time. American psychologists, many of whom had studied in the European laboratories, subsequently inaugurated similar efforts in the United States. Scientific theories and methods in the fledgling field were fostered by developments in experimental psychology, but also in physiology, embryology, ethology, and sociology. Moreover, organized efforts to provide information about development to parents, educators, and public policy specialists further propagated support for developmental science. The evolution of the field in its first century has provided a substantial platform for future developmental research.

Moving Vision-Related Rehabilitation into the U.S. Health Care Mainstream

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lidoff
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Functioning

Little public funding is available in the United States for vision-related rehabilitation services to restore the independent functioning of people who do not have an explicit vocational goal. This problem especially affects older adults, who constitute a large majority of the population experiencing severe vision loss. Some service providers have begun to find ways to have Medicare and other health insurance plans, which pay for rehabilitation for many other functional impairments, cover vision-related rehabilitation in some cases. This article discusses the history of coverage of vision-related rehabilitation by health insurance and identifies opportunities for expanded coverage within the rapidly changing health care environment.

scholarly journals The Trafficking Victims Protection Act: Has the Legislation Fallen Short of its Goals?

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaryAnne McReynold
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
Trafficking Victims Protection Act ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trafficking Victims

This analysis examines the immigration status that the United States government affords to individuals who are willing to meet the requirements of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, commonly known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA). This article presents the legislative history of the TVPA with an emphasis on the factors that heighten the tension between the interests of trafficking victims and those of the government. Available immigration relief is not truly "relief" unless it is accessible to those who need it, that is, those for whom Congress designated this type of visa status. Likewise, legislation that designates an action as criminal is fruitless unless it provides for effective investigations and enforcement. As crucial as it is to punish and deter traffickers, the special nature of this crime necessitates that the victims, who are central to the role of law enforcement, receive ample protection. In conclusion, the author suggests seven policy recommendations to improve the government's ability to punish and deter human traffickers while protecting the victims of these crimes.

Suicide and Public Policy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janelle Stanley ◽  
Sarah Strole
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Social Work Ethics

The historical context of suicidal behavior and public policies addressing suicide arose simultaneously within the United States, and both reflect a culture of discrimination and economic disenfranchisement. Systems of oppression including anti-Black racism, restrictive immigration policy, displacement of American Indigenous communities, religious moralism, and the capitalist economic structure perpetuate high-risk categories of suicidality. Suicidal behavior, protective factors, and risk factors, including firearms, are examined in the context of twentieth and early twenty first century public policy. Recommendations for public policy will be discussed with consideration for policies that impact communities disproportionately and social work ethics, such as right to die laws and inconsistent standards of care.

The Right to Life Movement: Sources, Development, and Strategies

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-159
Author(s):  
Keith Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Policy Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Life Movement

Social movements play a critical role in the development of public policy in modern America. An extensive literature provides us with valuable insights into their growth and evolution, but in the end it cannot substitute for the history of specific movements, which can be understood only in the particular circumstances of their birth and development. Over the last fifty years few movements have had the long-standing visibility, the mass involvement, and the public impact of the Right to Life movement. While there is still no adequate full-length account of the movement, an outline of some of the major aspects of its history, particularly as it is relevant to the public policy process in the United States, can be provided. Before embarking on that task, I will review and assess current interpretations of the movement, at both the popular and scholarly levels, and suggest a plausible explanation of its social sources and characteristics.

scholarly journals Farewell to the “Party Period”: Political Economy in Nineteenth-Century America

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. John
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Political Economy

Historians of the United States have long contended that the study of governmental institutions, including the history of public policy, is no longer central to the teaching and writing of American history. Some lament this development; others hail it as a sign that other worthy topics are finally getting the attention they deserve. Yet is it true? The recent outpouring of scholarship on the relationship between the state and the market, or what an earlier generation would have called political economy, raises questions about this venerable conceit. Indeed, if one were to pick a single word to characterize the state of the field in the history of American political economy, it might well be “robust.”

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