scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico das pessoas soropositivas para hiv/aids

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Fernandes Menezes ◽  
Kaic Trindade Almeida ◽  
Ana Karla Araújo Nascimento ◽  
Gislaine Chaves Machado Dias ◽  
Juliana Cunha Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
Hiv Seroprevalence ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
El Cid ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico das pessoas soropositivas para HIV/AIDS. Método: estudo quantitativo, epidemiológico, descritivo de análise retrospectiva, realizado no Centro de Recuperação e Educação Sexual (CRESS) em indivíduos que tiveram diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS. O banco de dados foi organizado no software Bioestat 5.0. e apresentados em figura e tabelas. Resultados: foram analisados 87 prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico confirmado de infecção pelo HIV/AIDS registrados no CRESS, onde houve uma predominância em infectados do sexo masculino com 46,0% dos casos (p 0,412), com o CID B24 em indivíduos com idade média de 30 a 39 anos. Conclusão: a partir desse estudo desenvolvido, conclui-se que o município de Bom Jesus da Lapa se conjuntura com grandes índices de infecções de HIV. Descritores: Infecções por HIV; Soroprevalência de HIV; Epidemiologia; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida; Imunidade; Prevenção & Controle.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile of seropositive for HIV/AIDS. Method: it was a quantitative, epidemiological, and descriptive of retrospective analysis study carried out in the center of Recovery and Sexual Education (CRESS) with individuals who had a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. The database was organized on the Bioestat 5.0. and presented in figures and tables. Results: there were analyzed 87 medical records of patients with confirmed diagnosis of HIV/AIDS infection recorded in CRESS, where there was a predominance in infected males with 46.0% of the cases (p 0.412), with the CID B24 in persons with an average age of 30 to 39 years old. Conclusion: from this study it is concluded that the municipality of Bom Jesus da Lapa junctures with high rates of HIV infections. Descriptors: HIV Infections; HIV Seroprevalence; Epidemiology; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Immunity; Prevention & Control.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de las personas seropositivas para el VIH/SIDA. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, epidemiológico, descriptivo de análisis retrospectivo, realizado en el Centro de Recuperación y Educación Sexual (CRESS) en personas que tenían un diagnóstico de VIH/SIDA. La base de datos se organizó en Bioestat 5.0. y presentados en tablas y figuras. Resultados: se analizaron 87 historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de infección de VIH/SIDA registrados en CRESS, donde hubo un predominio en varones infectados con el 46,0% de los casos (p 0.412), con el CID B24 en individuos con una edad media de 30 a 39 años. Conclusión: en este estudio, se concluye que el municipio de Bom Jesus da Lapa si coyuntura con altas tasas de infecciones por VIH. Descriptores: Infecciones por VIH; Seroprevalencia de VIH; Epidemiología; Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida; Inmunidad; Prevención & Control.

Clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with hiv/aids hospitalized at the hospital for reference in the state of Bahia, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Soares Amorim ◽  
Denismar Borges Miranda ◽  
Renata Campos Simões Cabral ◽  
Ana Verônica Mascarenhas Batista
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with HIV/AIDS hospitalized at the Hospital for Reference in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Method: a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study. The sample comprised of patients admitted to the hospital for the treatment of HIV/AIDS in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, from January to December 2008; the data was obtained from medical records upon approval by the Committee for Ethics in Research of Hospital Couto Maia (protocol 15/2009). Results: for the 194 patients studied, the average age was 37.8 years, ± 10.7 years. The predominant age group was 21 to 50 years old, which represented 87.5% of the all patients. Prior to hospitalization, about 150 patients were already diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and 54 were in regular use of antiretroviral therapy. Diarrhea, toxoplasmosis and esophageal candidiasis were the most common opportunistic diseases encountered. The average CD4 was 82 cells/mm3, ranging from 7 to 1,099. Of the 194 patients studied, 65 (33.5%) died and the highest mortality rates were attributed to Kaposi's sarcoma (75.0%) and toxoplasmosis (42.2%). Conclusions: the clinical and epidemiological profile of the patients with HIV/AIDS analyzed consists of young heterosexuals adult males, who were diagnosed previously to their hospitalization and whose main reason for hospitalization was related to opportunistic diseases. Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health profile; aids-related opportunistic infections.RESUMOObjetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes internados com HIV/AIDS no Hospital de Referência do Estado da Bahia. Método: estudo descritivo retrospectivo, de corte transversal. A amostra foi composta pelos pacientes internados no hospital de referência no tratamento de HIV/AIDS da cidade de Salvador-Ba, entre janeiro a dezembro de 2008; os dados foram obtidos de prontuários médicos após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Couto Maia com protocolo 15/2009. Resultados: dos 194 pacientes, observou-se média de idade de 37,8 anos ± 10,7 anos. Predominou faixa etária entre 21 e 50 anos somando 87,5% dos pacientes. Cerca de 150 pacientes tinham diagnóstico prévio à internação e 54 estavam em uso regular de TARV na admissão. Diarréia, neurotoxoplasmose e candidíase esofágica foram as doenças oportunistas mais freqüentes. A mediana de CD4 foi de 82 variando de 7-1.099 células/mm3. Observou-se que, 65 (33,5%) foram a óbito e as maiores taxas de letalidade foram atribuídas ao Sarcoma de Kaposi (75,0%) e neurotoxoplasmose (42,2%). Conclusão: o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS internados em estudo é composto por adultos jovens, do gênero masculino, heterossexuais que possuíam diagnóstico prévio a internação, cujo principal motivo de internação esteve relacionado à doença oportunista. Descritores: síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; perfil de saúde; infecções oportunistas relacionadas com a aids.RESUMENObjetivo: describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA en el hospital de referencia del estado de Bahía, Brasil. Método: estudio retrospectivo observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra se compone de los pacientes ingresados en el hospital para el tratamiento del VIH/SIDA, en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil, entre enero y diciembre de 2008; los datos se obtuvieron a partir de los registros médicos seguidamente a la aprobación por el Comité de Ética en Investigación del Hospital Couto Maia (protocolo 15/2009). Resultados: de los 194 pacientes estudiados la edad promedio fue de 37,8 años ± 10,7 años. El grupo de edad predominante fue de 21 a 50 años, lo que representa 87,5% del total de pacientes. Alrededor de 150 pacientes fueron diagnosticados antes de la admisión y 54 hacían uso regular de la terapia antirretroviral cuando del ingreso. Se observó que la diarrea, toxoplasmosis y candidiasis esofágica fueron las enfermedades oportunistas más frecuentes. El promedio de CD4 fue de 82 células/mm3, entre 7 y 1.099. De los 194 pacientes estudiados, 65 (33,5%) fallecieron y las tasas de mortalidad más altas se atribuyen al sarcoma de Kaposi (75,0%) y toxoplasmosis (42,2%). Conclusiones: el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA analizados se compone de jóvenes adultos, hombres, heterosexuales, que habían sido diagnosticados previamente a la hospitalización y cuyo principal motivo para el ingreso en el hospital estaba relacionado con enfermedades oportunistas. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; perfil de salud; infecciones oportunistas relacionadas con la sida.

Epidemiological profile of patients attending an outpatient HIV/AIDS

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1744
Author(s):  
Renata Campos Simões Cabral ◽  
Marco Aurélio Soares Amorim ◽  
Denismar Borges Miranda ◽  
Ana Verônica Mascarenhas Batista ◽  
Maria Eliane Liégio Matão
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Toxoplasmic Encephalitis ◽  
Opportunistic Disease ◽  
Infection Patient ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Terapia Antirretroviral ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTObjective: to describe the epidemiological profile of patients with HIV/AIDS outpatients in a referral hospital for the treatment of this disease. Method: a descriptive epidemiological study based on chart review of patients. Data were collected from all patients with confirmed diagnosis of HIV/AIDS enrolled in the period 2003 to 2007; protocol approval by the Ethics in Research of Hospital Couto Maia, number 15/2009. Results: of 135 patients, mean age 40 years ± 10 years and 2,3:1,0 ratio between men and women. There was a predominance of the fourth and fifth decade of age by adding 87 (63.8%) patients, low education, unmarried, heterosexual, smokers and alcoholics. The non-use of drugs and condoms in sexual relations also prevailed. 71.9% were in the triple antiretroviral therapy. Toxoplasmic encephalitis, diarrhea, meningitis, tuberculosis, herpes zoster and pneumonia were the causes of hospitalization frenquentes more. The average of opportunistic infection/patient was 1.88 ± 1.11. Conclusions: individuals with a predominance of male gender, low socio-economic status, heterosexual, smokers, alcoholics, and most of the attention related to the regular and principal reason for admission to opportunistic disease. Descriptors: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health profile; aids-related opportunistic infectionsRESUMOObjetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS em atendimento ambulatorial de um Hospital de referência no tratamento do agravo. Método: estudo epidemiológico do tipo descritivo, baseado em revisão de prontuário de pacientes. Os dados foram coletados de todos os pacientes com confirmação diagnóstica de HIV/AIDS, matriculados no período de 2003 a 2007; protocolo de aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Couto Maia, número 15/2009. Resultados: dos 135 pacientes, idade média de 40 anos ± 10 anos e razão de 2,3:1,0 entre homens e mulheres. Houve predominância da quarta e quinta década de idade somando 87 (63,8%) dos pacientes, baixo nível de escolaridade, solteiros, heterossexuais, tabagistas e etilistas. O não uso de drogas e de preservativos em relações sexuais também prevaleceram. Em 71,9% usavam esquema triplo de TARV. Toxoplasmic encephalitis, diarrhea, meningitis, turberculosis, herpes zoster and pneumonia were the most frequent causes of hospitalization.A média de infecção oportunista/paciente foi de 1,88 ± 1,11. Conclusões: indivíduos com predomínio do gênero masculino, com baixo nível sócio-econômico, heterossexuais, tabagistas, etilistas, e a grande maioria dos atendidos relacionarem-se às consultas regulares e principal motivo de internação à doença oportunista. Descritores: síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; perfil de saúde; infecções oportunistas relacionadas com a aids.RESUMENObjetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes con VIH/SIDA, los pacientes ambulatorios en un hospital de referencia para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Método: estudio epidemiológico descriptivo basado en revisión de historias clínicas de los pacientes. Se recogieron datos de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de VIH/SIDA matriculados en el período 2003 a 2007, la aprobación del protocolo por la Ética en Investigación del Hospital Couto Maia, número 15/2009. Resultados: de 135 pacientes, edad media 40 años ± 10 años y 2,3:1,0 relación entre hombres y mujeres. Hubo un predominio de la cuarta y quinta década de vida mediante la adición de 87 (63,8%) pacientes, el bajo nivel educativo, solteros, heterosexuales fumadores y alcohólicos. La no utilización de medicamentos y preservativos en las relaciones sexuales también prevaleció. 71,9% estaban en la terapia antirretroviral. Toxoplásmica encefalitis, diarrea, meningitis, tuberculosis, herpes zoster y la neumonía fueron las causas de hospitalización más frenquentes. El promedio de infección oportunista por paciente fue de 1,88 ± 1,11. Conclusiones: los individuos con un predominio del sexo masculino, la baja condición socio-económica, heterosexuales fumadores, alcohólicos, y la mayoría de la atención relacionadas con el motivo ordinarios y principales de ingreso a las enfermedades oportunistas. Descriptores: síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; perfil de salud; infecciones oportunistas relacionadas con sida.

scholarly journals Deaths from HIV/AIDS in aged adults in the Federal District: an analysis from 2007 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth da Conceição Costa e Silva Sacco ◽  
Raissa Gomes Magalhães ◽  
Amanda de Siqueira Cabral ◽  
Patrícia Maria Fonseca Escalda
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Brazil experienced a significant increase in the last decade among individuals aged over 60 years. This scenario indicates the need to know the mortality profile from AIDS in aged adults, in order to promote educational and preventive actions, in addition to professional development to improve the care provided to these patients. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of aged adults who died of AIDS in the Federal District (FD) from 2007 to 2016. Methods: This is a descriptive ecological study, based on secondary data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, obtained through the Health Situation Analysis and Data Management of the Health Department of the FD. The analysis was carried out in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Deaths occurred more frequently among men (74.1%), especially those aged from 60 to 69 years (70.4%). The gender ratio was 2.85. Most of them only had primary school education (42.0%), were married or in a common-law marriage (43.0%), and were white/Caucasian (52%). Regarding the place of residence, Plano Piloto was the place with the highest incidence (45.7%), followed by Ceilândia (12.3%) and Taguatinga (8.6%). Conclusion: It was found that AIDS, among aged adults, follows the national trend, occurring most frequently in older males, demonstrating that it is necessary to improve the implementation of prevention practices among this population. It is necessary to better study AIDS-related stigma and prejudice barriers, both among older adults and health professionals, to overcome them, to increase life expectancy of these patients and to improve their quality of life.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Risk Factors of Potable Water and The Efficiency of HIV/AIDS in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folorunso Owoola ◽  
Wole W. Adebayo ◽  
Kayode O. Olowe
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been a major problem around the world, and various control have been put in place to tame this potentially life-threatening virus. The research aims to expose the relationship between HIV/AIDS and potable water. However, it is generally believed that the virus cannot be contacted through water, but the interface between HIV/AIDS may likely be influenced through scarcity of water. The data for this research was collected through administration of questionnaire to people leaving with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at major health institutions in the three senatorial districts in Ekiti state. The data collected were analyzed using statistical tools and the results show that 44.5% of the respondents believed that water availability can reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS infection around the study area. 84.5% of the respondents had an increased need of water after HIV infections. While 92.7% of the respondents agreed HIV positive people have increased need for better hygiene and sanitation. The study discovers that water, sanitation, hygiene and population are agents determining the spread of HIV/AIDS in the environment. Thus, planning and proper spread of infrastructure that support supply of potable water will reduce and control the virus.

Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Tentang Hiv/Aids Di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nur Syamsi NL
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) adalah syndrom yang timbul akibat adanya virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. HIV/AIDS dapat menular melalui darah, sperma, cairan vagina, dan ASI (Air Susu Ibu). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang terletak di jalan Bung lorong 2, Kelurahan Tamalanrea, Kecamatan Tamalanrea Jaya, Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Besarnya sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 responden dari 600 populasi yang dipilih secara Total Sampling. Di mana dalam pengambilan data digunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden. Dari keseluruhan responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang diteliti didapat 15 mahasiswa (50%) yang tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang HIV/AIDS dan terdapat 14 mahasiswa (46,7%) yang tingkat pengetahuan cukup tentang HIV/AID dan terdapat 1 mahasiswa (3,3%) yang tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang HIV/AIDS

Stigma, Discrimination, and Ostracization: HIV/AIDS Infection in Nigeria

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesola O. Oyelese
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

The AIDS epidemic continues and HIV-infected persons continue to suffer stigmatization and discrimination in Nigeria. The results of an open-ended questionnaire administered non-randomly in Ile-Ife and Ilesa in the late 1990s confirm this. Six questions on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were asked; 83 (36.4%) males and 145 (63.6%) females aged between 11 and 60 years responded. The respondents included 101 students, 49 civil servants, 39 artisans and traders. Others included 29 health professionals (doctors and nurses, etc.), 8 teachers, and 2 commercial sex workers. The median of negative responses (rejection) is 42.2%. It is concluded that there still exists a significant but suppressed or subtle stigmatization and discrimination against HIV-infected people, a major constraint in the management and control of HIV/AIDS.

HIV/AIDS and traditional healers: a blessing in disguise

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
B L Meel
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Herbal Decoction ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Traditional healers contribute significantly to the level of health-care systems in Africa. They could play an important role in the prevention and care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the community. The traditional healing system deals with psychosocial stress associated with HIV/AIDS as well as herbal medications. Sometimes, herbal medicine causes serious life-threatening complications. Two case reports are presented in this article. The first is a 48-year-old woman with HIV who was made to drink a large volume of a herbal decoction to stimulate vomiting in the belief that cleansing the bowel would rid the system of the disease. The second is a 25-year-old young man who had a herbal enema, which resulted in gangrene of the large bowel. The case histories, mechanism of action and causes of death are discussed.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) dalam Upaya Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan Persuasi Penggunaan Kondom di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Machria Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)  dan AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Prevalensi HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi juga cukup tinggi yakni 4.557 kasus. Cara penularan HIV terbesar adalah melalui hubungan seksual (71 %). Sejumlah 18,23% orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) adalah wanita pekerja seks (WPS). Meskipun lokalisasi di Banyuwangi telah resmi ditutup pada tahun 2013, namun praktik prostitusi masih terselubung dijalankan. Hubungan seksual tanpa kondom menjadi mata rantai penyebaran HIV/AIDS di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi pengetahuan dan sikap WPS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom di eks lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Desain penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu WPS di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong berjumlah 32 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Total sampling. Pengambilan data dengan metode angket dan dianalisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 20.0 version. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WPS yang memiliki pengetahuan rendah dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sebanyak 56,2 %, sikap negatif sebesar 53,1% dan sebanyak 59,4% tidak melakukan persuasi penggunaan kondom. Analisis uji chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan WPS dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (ρ = 0,002α), serta ada hubungan antara sikap WPS dalam upaya penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (nilai ρ = 0,000α). Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom adalah sikap, dengan  probabilitas sikap negatif WPS sebesar 78%. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan pihak terkait guna peningkatan 100% penggunaan kondom sehingga dapat menekan angka pertumbuhan HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

scholarly journals Settings for identifying recent HIV infections: the Portuguese experience

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Cortes Martins ◽  
M T Paixão
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Western European Country ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Portugal has been the western European country with the highest rate of notified acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases since 1999 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection cases since 2000. Nonetheless, exact information on the magnitude and trends of recently acquired infections is missing. In a cross-sectional study we aimed to determine HIV prevalence, the proportion of recently acquired infections and the incidence among patients attending a Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic and among HIV positive cases tested at the AIDS Reference Laboratory (ARL), by using the Avidity Index (AI) of antibodies to identify recent HIV-1 seroconversions. Demographic and behavioural data were collected. At the STI clinic 253 patients were enrolled, 16 were found to be HIV infected (14 HIV-1, 2 HIV-2) and a prevalence of 6.3% was obtained. Four recent HIV-1 infections were identified and the HIV-1 incidence was 3.3% per year. At the ARL, 332 newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection were studied, 59 (17.8%) were recent infections and an annual incidence of 4.1% was estimated. These findings support STI clinics as key sentinel sites for recently acquired HIV infections and illustrate the viability of testing for recent HIV infections in these settings and reinforce the value of this method in the surveillance for better monitoring current trends of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Portugal.

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