Vaccination status of the children admitted at a school hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1987
Author(s):  
Thaís De Almeida da Silva ◽  
Suzana Lins da Silva ◽  
Maria Gorete Lucena de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Immunization Schedule ◽  
Proper Functioning ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Sobre Todo

ABSTRACTObjective: describing the vaccination status of the children admitted in a school hospital in Recife-PE. Methodology: descriptive, exploratory, crossectional and quantitative study with a sample of 296 children aged from 0 to full 72 months.  To collect the data we used a questionnaire containing open and closed questions and the same has been started after approval by the Ethics Committee of IMIP Protocol (No 1100/2007). Results: It was observed that 65,6% of the children at the maximum age of 12 months presented a delayed immunization schedule. Conclusions: although the majority of the sample characteristics of this present study were favorable for an excellent vaccine coverage was present, this fact was not observed, this finding could be considered alarming, because this portion of the population is more vulnerable to preventable diseases. Thus, it is necessary a greater commitment especially by those working in primary care in the PSFs, since they are closer to the community and know their limitations, so that flaws like this are corrected. It is emphasized the importance of the proper functioning of the halls of vaccines, thus able to reverse the low vaccination coverage, helping to achieve the target of PNI, and mainly we are valuing our children's health. Descriptors: vaccination; vaccination coverage; immunization RESUMOObjetivo: descrever a situação vacinal das crianças internadas em um Hospital-Escola da cidade do Recife-PE. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, exploratório, transversal e quantitativo com amostra de 296 crianças na faixa etária de zero a 72 meses completos de idade. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se um instrumento contendo questões abertas e fechadas e a mesma deu-se inicio após aprovação do Comitê de Ética do IMIP (protocolo nº 1100/ 2007). Resultados: em relação ao esquema vacinal 65,6% das crianças com idade menor ou igual a 12 meses, estavam com o esquema vacinal em atraso. Conclusões: embora a maioria das características da amostra do presente estudo fosse favorável para que uma excelente cobertura vacinal estivesse presente, tal fato não foi observado, tal achado pode ser considerado preocupante, pois esta parcela da população encontra-se mais vulnerável às doenças imunopreveníveis. Deste modo, faz-se necessário um maior empenho principalmente por parte dos profissionais que trabalham na atenção básica, nos PSFs, uma vez que estes estão mais próximos da comunidade e conhecem as suas limitações, para que falhas como esta sejam corrigidas. Ressalta-se ainda a importância do bom funcionamento das salas de vacinas,deste modo conseguiremos reverter as baixas coberturas vacinais, contribuindo para alcançar a meta do PNI, e, principalmente estaremos prezando pela saúde das nossas crianças. Descritores: vacinação; cobertura vacinal; imunizaçãoRESUMENObjetivo: describir la situación relativa a vacunas de niños internados en un Hospital Escuela de la ciudad de Recife (Pernambuco, Brasil). Metodología: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, transversal y cuantitativo con una muestra de 296 niños de entre cero y 72 meses de edad completos. Para recoger los datos se utilizó un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas y cerradas y lo mismo se ha iniciado después de la aprobación por el Comité de Ética del IMIP (Protocolo n º 1100/2007. Resultados: en relación al esquema de vacunación el 65,6% de los niños con edad menor o igual a 12 meses estaba con su esquema de vacunación en atraso. Conclusiones: aunque la mayoría de los niños del muestreo del presente estudio tuviera condiciones favorables a una efectiva cobertura de vacunación presente, no se observó tal hecho. Este hallazgo puede considerarse preocupante puesto que esta parte de la población se encuentra más vulnerable a las enfermedades inmuno-prevenibles. De esta forma es necesario un mayor empeño, principalmente por parte de los profesionales que trabajan en la atención ambulatoria, en los Programas de Salud de la Familia (visitas médicas), ya que están más cercanos de los pacientes y conocen incluso sus limitaciones, para que los errores se corrijan. Se destaca la importancia del buen funcionamiento de las salas de vacunas. De este modo se conseguirán revertir las bajas coberturas de vacunación, contribuyendo para alcanzar la meta del Programa Nacional de Inmunización, y sobre todo se estará velando por la salud de los niños. Descriptores: vacunación; cobertura vacuna; inmunización.

Evaluation of a vaccine passport to improve vaccine coverage in people living with HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1190-1193
Author(s):  
DR Chadwick ◽  
K Corbett ◽  
S Mann ◽  
B Teruzzi ◽  
S Horner
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Current Vaccine ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

An increased risk of vaccine-preventable infections (VPIs) is seen in people living with HIV (PLWH), and current vaccine coverage and immunity is variable. Vaccine passports have the potential to improve vaccine coverage. The objective was to assess how successful a vaccine passport was in improving vaccine coverage in PLWH. Baseline immunity to VPIs was established in PLWH attending a single HIV clinic and vaccinations required were determined based on the BHIVA Vaccination Guidelines (2015). The passport was completed and the PLWH informed about additional vaccines they should obtain from primary care. After 6–9 months the passport was reviewed including confirmation if vaccines were given. PLWH satisfaction with the system was evaluated by a survey. Seventy-three PLWH provided sufficient data for analysis. At baseline significant proportions of PLWH were not immune/unvaccinated to the main VPIs, especially human papillomavirus, pneumococcus and measles. After the passport was applied immunity improved significantly (56% overall, p < 0.01) for most VPIs; however, full coverage was not achieved. The system was popular with PLWH. The passport was successful in increasing vaccination coverage although full or near-full coverage was not achieved. A more successful service would probably be achieved by commissioning English HIV clinics to provide all vaccines.

scholarly journals Proper pertussis vaccination will probably not increase vaccination coverage: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Solano ◽  
A. V. Sanchez-Callejas ◽  
M. I. Alvarez-Ibañez ◽  
M. Sandiumenge-Durán ◽  
M. I. Fernández-San-Martín
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Booster Immunisation ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Vaccination coverage (VC) against pertussis can increase when management practices and policies at primary care centres (PCCs) are reinforced. From 2011 to 2015, we performed a case–control study to evaluate VC among pertussis patients treated at PCCs in Barcelona, Spain. We recorded pertussis in patients from 8- to 16-year-olds at 52 PCCs. Pertussis cases had laboratory diagnostic and controls were healthy outpatients visiting the same facility for reasons other than cough. DTaP/dTap VC was recorded as either proper vaccination status (five doses recorded) or improper vaccination status (<5 doses recorded). We used a logistic regression model to estimate OR and 95% CI. We included 229 cases and 576 controls. VC was higher in cases (mean 5.01, s.e.: 0.57) than in controls (4.89, s.e.: 0.73). Around 69% of the cases had received DTaP primary immunisation after 2–5 years and 31.4% of cases had the dTap booster immunisation after 7–10 years. The 87% of children 5–9 years were properly vaccinated. We found no protection from becoming ill among properly vaccinated children (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.22–2.85). The highest VC was observed in patients with confirmed pertussis, which was likely due to a more exhaustive follow-up of the VC in these patients. Being properly vaccinated against pertussis will probably not increase VC.

scholarly journals Potential use of Western Australia’s mandatory Midwives Notification System for routinely monitoring antenatal vaccine coverage

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Regan ◽  
Paul V Effler ◽  
Chloe Thomson ◽  
Donna B Mak
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Use

Background Despite the maternal and infant health benefits of antenatal vaccines and availability of government-funded vaccination programs, Australia does not have a national system for routinely monitoring antenatal vaccination coverage. We evaluated the potential use of Western Australia’s mandatory Midwives Notification System (MNS) as a tool for routinely monitoring antenatal vaccination coverage. Methods Two hundred and sixty-eight women who gave birth to a live infant between August and October 2016 participated in a telephone survey of vaccines received in their most recent pregnancy. For women who reported receiving influenza and/or pertussis vaccine and whose vaccination status was documented by their vaccine provider, MNS vaccination data were compared with the vaccine provider’s record as the ‘gold standard.’ For women who reported receiving no vaccines, MNS vaccination data were compared with self-reported information. Results Influenza and pertussis vaccination status was complete (i.e. documented as either vaccinated or not vaccinated) for 66% and 63% of women, respectively. Sensitivity of MNS influenza vaccination data was 65.7% (95% CI 56.0-74.2%) and specificity was 53.0% (95% CI 42.4-63.4%). Sensitivity of MNS pertussis vaccination data was 62.5% (95% CI 53.3-70.9%) and specificity was 40.4% (95% CI 27.6-54.7%). There was no difference between vaccinated and unvaccinated women in the proportion of MNS records with missing or unknown vaccination information. When considering only MNS records with complete vaccination information, the sensitivity of the MNS influenza vaccination field was 91.8% (95% CI 83.0-96.9%) and the sensitivity of the MNS pertussis vaccination field was 88.0% (95% CI 76.7-95.5%). Conclusion Due to the high proportion of records with missing or unknown vaccination status, we observed low sensitivity and specificity of antenatal vaccination data in the MNS. However, given we did not observe differential ascertainment by vaccination status, MNS records with complete information may be reliable data source for routinely monitoring antenatal vaccine coverage.

Influenza vaccination coverage in a population-based cohort of Australian-born Aboriginal and non-Indigenous older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalie Dyda ◽  
Surendra Karki ◽  
Marlene Kong ◽  
Heather F Gidding ◽  
John M Kaldor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Torres Strait

Background: There is limited information on vaccination coverage and characteristics associated with vaccine uptake in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander adults. We aimed to provide more current estimates of influenza vaccination coverage in Aboriginal adults. Methods: Self-reported vaccination status (n=559 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander participants, n=80,655 non-Indigenous participants) from the 45 and Up Study, a large cohort of adults aged 45 years or older, was used to compare influenza vaccination coverage in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander adults with coverage in non-Indigenous adults. Results: Of Aboriginal and non-Indigenous respondents aged 49 to <65 years, age-standardised influenza coverage was respectively 45.2% (95% CI 39.5–50.9%) and 38.5%, (37.9–39.0%), p-value for heterogeneity=0.02. Coverage for Aboriginal and non-Indigenous respondents aged ≥65 years was respectively 67.3% (59.9–74.7%) and 72.6% (72.2–73.0%), p-heterogeneity=0.16. Among Aboriginal adults, coverage was higher in obese than in healthy weight participants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.38, 95%CI 1.44–3.94); in those aged <65 years with a medical risk factor than in those without medical risk factors (aOR=2.13, 1.37–3.30); and in those who rated their health as fair/poor compared to those who rated it excellent (aOR=2.57, 1.26–5.20). Similar associations were found among non-Indigenous adults. Conclusions: In this sample of adults ≥65 years, self-reported influenza vaccine coverage was not significantly different between Aboriginal and non-Indigenous adults whereas in those <65 years, coverage was higher among Aboriginal adults. Overall, coverage in the whole cohort was suboptimal. If these findings are replicated in other samples and in the Australian Immunisation Register, it suggests that measures to improve uptake, such as communication about the importance of influenza vaccine and more effective reminder systems, are needed among adults.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection and Previous BCG Vaccination Coverage in the Ecuadorian Population

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Daniel Garzon-Chavez ◽  
Jackson Rivas-Condo ◽  
Adriana Echeverria ◽  
Jhoanna Mozo ◽  
Emmanuelle Quentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
National Level ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low Coverage ◽  
Homologous Amino Acid

The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is a well-known vaccine with almost a century of use, with the apparent capability to improve cytokine production and epigenetics changes that could develop a better response to pathogens. It has been postulated that BCG protection against SARS-CoV-2 has a potential role in the pandemic, through the presence of homologous amino acid sequences. To identify a possible link between BCG vaccination coverage and COVID-19 cases, we used official epidemic data and Ecuadorian Ministry of Health and Pan American Health Organization vaccination information. BCG information before 1979 was available only at a national level. Therefore, projections based on the last 20 years were performed, to compare by specific geographic units. We used a Mann–Kendall test to identify BCG coverage variations, and mapping was conducted with a free geographic information system (QGIS). Nine provinces where BCG vaccine coverage was lower than 74.25% show a significant statistical association (χ2 Pearson’s = 4.800, df = 1, p = 0.028), with a higher prevalence of cases for people aged 50 to 64 years than in younger people aged 20 to 49 years. Despite the availability of BCG vaccination data and the mathematical models needed to compare these data with COVID-19 cases, our results show that, in geographic areas where BCG coverage was low, 50% presented a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases that were young; thus, low-coverage years were more affected.

Vaccine Coverage Across the Life Course in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: January–September 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Angela K. Shen ◽  
Cristi A. Bramer ◽  
Lynsey M. Kimmins ◽  
Robert Swanson ◽  
Patricia Vranesich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Immunization Registry ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization services across the life course. Methods. In this retrospective study, we used Michigan immunization registry data from 2018 through September 2020 to assess the number of vaccine doses administered, number of sites providing immunization services to the Vaccines for Children population, provider location types that administer adult vaccines, and vaccination coverage for children. Results. Of 12 004 384 individual vaccine doses assessed, 48.6%, 15.6%, and 35.8% were administered to children (aged 0–8 years), adolescents (aged 9–18 years), and adults (aged 19–105 years), respectively. Doses administered overall decreased beginning in February 2020, with peak declines observed in April 2020 (63.3%). Overall decreases in adult doses were observed in all settings except obstetrics and gynecology provider offices and pharmacies. Local health departments reported a 66.4% decrease in doses reported. For children, the total number of sites administering pediatric vaccines decreased while childhood vaccination coverage decreased 4.4% overall and 5.8% in Medicaid-enrolled children. Conclusions. The critical challenge is to return to prepandemic levels of vaccine doses administered as well as to catch up individuals for vaccinations missed. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 7, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306474 )

Vaccination Coverage: Vaccine-Related Determinants & Anthropometric Measures in Children Resident in a Rural Community in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iribhogbe Osede Ignis ◽  
Sonila Tomini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Susceptible Population

Background: Vaccination of children has played a significant role in reducing early childhood morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases; however, some factors act as deterrents in achieving adequate coverage in this susceptible population. Aims & Objectives: The study, therefore, aimed to identify vaccine-related determinants of childhood vaccination as well as determine the relationship between childhood vaccination status and body weight, height, and a child’s body mass index (BMI). Methods: The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in which 608 caregiver-child pair was recruited sequentially by using a two-stage sampling technique. Structured questionnaires based on the SAGE vaccine hesitancy model were used to interview the participants. Elicited data was analyzed and categorical variables were presented in tables and charts as frequencies, while a chi-square test was used to test the association between the independent and dependent variables. Pearson’s correlation analysis was also done to determine the correlation between vaccination status and weight, height, and BMI of children. Result: The study showed that vaccination coverage was suboptimal (70.56%) in children and was below the expected target of 80%. Although a few (183, 30.10%) of the respondents claimed they would prevent the vaccination of their children due to the fear of needles, the majority (87.50%) will be willing to accept more vaccine doses for their children if there were no pain. While factors such as the experience of adverse reaction (X2 = 13.22, df = 2, p<0.001), crying from pain (X2 = 11.33, df = 2, p<0.001) and the scientific evidence of safety (X2 = 34.63, df = 2, p<0.001) were significantly associated with a complete vaccination status, vaccination status was positively correlated with the weight (r=0.160, p<0.001), height (r=0.081, p=0.023) and BMI (r=0.214, p<0.001) of children in the rural community. Conclusion: Vaccination uptake and coverage can be significantly improved in children by designing and implementing interventional programs that target pharmaceutical and vaccine-specific factors acting as barriers in these rural communities.

Ethics Case Consultation in Primary Care: Contextual Challenges for Clinical Ethicists

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE SLOWTHER
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Clinical Ethics ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Ethics Consultation ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Maintenance Organizations ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Case Consultation

The development of ethics case consultation over the past 30 years, initially in North America and recently in Western Europe, has primarily taken place in the secondary or tertiary healthcare settings. The predominant model for ethics consultation, in some countries overwhelmingly so, is a hospital-based clinical ethics committee. In the United States, accreditation boards suggest the ethics committee model as a way of meeting the ethics component of the accreditation requirement for payment by Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), and in some European countries, there are legislatory requirements or government recommendations for hospitals to have clinical ethics committees. There is no corresponding pressure for primary care services to have ethics committees or ethics consultants to advise clinicians, patients, and families on the difficult ethical decisions that arise in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccination among Somali Mothers in Stockholm

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Jama ◽  
Mona Ali ◽  
Ann Lindstrand ◽  
Robb Butler ◽  
Asli Kulane
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Vaccination hesitancy and skepticism among parents hinders progress in achieving full vaccination coverage. Swedish measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine coverage is high however some areas with low vaccination coverage risk outbreaks. This study aimed to explore factors influencing the decision of Somali parents living in the Rinkeby and Tensta districts of Stockholm, Sweden, on whether or not to vaccinate their children with the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Method: Participants were 13 mothers of at least one child aged 18 months to 5 years, who were recruited using snowball sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted in Somali and Swedish languages and the data generated was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Both written and verbal informed consent were obtained from participants. Results: Seven of the mothers had not vaccinated their youngest child at the time of the study and decided to postpone the vaccination until their child became older (delayers). The other six mothers had vaccinated their child for MMR at the appointed time (timely vaccinators). The analysis of the data revealed two main themes: (1) barriers to vaccinate on time, included issues surrounding fear of the child not speaking and unpleasant encounters with nurses and (2) facilitating factors to vaccinate on time, included heeding vaccinating parents’ advice, trust in nurses and trust in God. The mothers who had vaccinated their children had a positive impact in influencing other mothers to also vaccinate. Conclusions: Fear, based on the perceived risk that vaccination will lead to autism, among Somali mothers in Tensta and Rinkeby is evident and influenced by the opinions of friends and relatives. Child Healthcare Center nurses are important in the decision-making process regarding acceptance of MMR vaccination. There is a need to address mothers’ concerns regarding vaccine safety while improving the approach of nurses as they address these concerns.

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