Haiti and Internet Governance

First Monday ◽  
1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Quarterman
Keyword(s):  
Recent History ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
History Of

Who owns the top level Internet domains? How are decisions made over their assignments? This paper explores the recent history of the top level domain HT for Haiti, as an example of the need to re-examine procedures and processes developed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority and other organizations and individuals.

Contextualizing sovereignty: A critical review of competing explanations of the Internet governance in the (so-called) Russian case

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Kolozaridi ◽  
Dmitry Muravyov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internet Law

In reference to Russia, the concept of “Internet sovereignty” is commonly used to evoke the state’s efforts to tighten its control over the Internet in order to consolidate a non-democratic political regime. Many scholars have discussed Russia’s “sovereign Internet law,” adopted in 2019, yet the precise meaning of both “sovereign” and “Internet” in this context has largely been overlooked. In this article, we attempt to problematize the use of both concepts by drawing on the history of the Internet in Russia to accentuate the structural asymmetries of power in “global” Internet governance. We argue that Russia’s Internet sovereignty claims, grasped in the context of these asymmetries, can be seen as an expression of counter-hegemonic tendencies. Moreover, a historical account of the Internet’s transformation in Russia problematizes a conception of “Internet sovereignty” as unitary and unchanging.

Draft Once; Deploy Everywhere? Contextualizing Digital Law and Brazil’s Marco Civil da Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy T. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Rights ◽  
Internet Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internet Law ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
Digital Law

On Congressional approval in 2014, Brazil’s charter of civil rights for the Internet, the Marco Civil da Internet, was widely acclaimed as a template for national Internet policy elsewhere in the world. This was the result of a phenomenon I dub “draft once; deploy everywhere,” a pervasive belief in the universality of Internet law. This presumption underpins multiple charters of Internet rights drafted by digital rights organizations and policymakers. By showing how the Marco Civil was bitterly contested by blocks of powerful actors, the role played by Brazil’s recent history of dictatorship as well as its status at the margins of the global digital economy, I problematize the Marco Civil’s status as a global blueprint. This matters because without proper contextualization, the effective transfer of Internet law across national jurisdictions will be harder to realize, and their democratic virtues will prove more elusive.

scholarly journals To model of participation of interested parties in governance of the Internet on the international level

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-109
Author(s):  
Nikita Istomin
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
International Level ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Transnational Organizations ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
History Of

This article analyzes the model of participation of many interested parties in governance of the Internet, as well as its definition on the international level and within the doctrine. The goal consists in determining the importance and the role of participation of multiple interested parties in the context of Internet governance, and its correlation to the transnational approach in international law. The model of participation of multiple interested parties is predominantly examined as participation in Internet governance of the actors of international law and private entities. The subject of this research is the provisions of summary documents, summits on the highest level regarding the questions of information community, resolution of the UN General Assembly and other branches of the UN system, provisions of acts of other transnational organizations that are dedicated to development of state policy in the area of Internet governance, as well as doctrinal sources covering history of the question. The scientific novelty lies in determination of correlation of the participation of interested parties in Internet governance. It is noted that in the practice of Internet governance there are two clear approaches for implementation of this model: ran by states and international organizations, or one that is ran by private entities. The international legal acts reflect the former approach towards implementation of this model. In accordance with this approach, the work on Internet governance in consultation of state with private entities, allowing private entities as observers, or creation of public-private partnerships aimed at solution of global issues. The leading role of the private sector is advanced by the United States and several other Western nations as an alternative to translational multilateral approach, which contradicts the international legal acts, since the role ICANN as a leader is delegated to private entities, rather than states.

On the ratio of science to activism in the shaping of autism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hacking
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
History Of

Chapter 38 covers how the “internal” and the “external” factors that have shaped autism substantially overlap. Autism activists have done much of the shaping, and not scientific inquiry—except that for a critical period in the shaping of autism, many of the scientists were also activists. The most influential and effective experts were often involved in autism in their personal lives. That is, many of those who have shaped our current concept of autism have been PCA—personally connected to an autistic person. Other themes explored in this essay include: (1) the increasingly popular “neurodiversity movement” that contends that autism and related disorders reflect “just a difference”, not a disorder; (2) the substantial impact of the Internet on shaping autism (“Autism lives on the Internet”); and (3) a discussion of the “unparalleled efficacy of autism advocates.” The recent history of autism is viewed in this chapter through the lens of Hacking’s broader “Making up People Project.”

Only Connect? The Impact of the Internet on Lived Experience

2011 ◽  
pp. 194-208
Author(s):  
Neil Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Internet ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cursory Examination ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Modern

Those of us who live in the ‘late-modern’ developed world live in a world that is increasingly technological in character. This is not a new insight by any means; and it is usual to begin discussions of the likely personal, social or cultural impacts of new technologies with some acknowledgment of this fact. However, the commonplace nature of this observation should not be allowed to disguise its significance; and a mere cursory examination of the recent history of our involvement with some of the most significant and broadly used technologies reveals a truly startling state of affairs.

Physiologic Measures In Patients with PTSD with and Without A Recent History of Alcohol Abuse

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Ahearn ◽  
Mary Mussey ◽  
Catherine Johnson ◽  
Amy Krohn ◽  
Timothy Juergens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Of

Fictive Mode, ‘Journey to the West’, and Transformation of Space: ‘Ali Mubarak’s Discourses of Modernization

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-358
Author(s):  
WEN-CHIN OUYANG
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West

I begin my exploration of ‘Ali Mubarak (1823/4–1893) and the discourses on modernization ‘performed’ in his only attempt at fiction, ‘Alam al-Din (The Sign of Religion, 1882), with a quote from Guy Davenport because it elegantly sums up a key theoretical principle underpinning any discussion of cultural transformation and, more particularly, of modernization. Locating ‘Ali Mubarak and his only fictional work at the juncture of the transformation from the ‘traditional’ to the ‘modern’ in the recent history of Arab culture and of Arabic narrative, I find Davenport's pronouncement tantalizingly appropriate. He not only places the stakes of history and geography in one another, but simultaneously opens up the imagination to the combined forces of time and space that stand behind these two distinct yet related disciplines.

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