Determinants of economic growth in Iraq: a standard study for the period (1970-2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-187
Author(s):  
Hayder Talib Mousa ◽  
Karim Salem Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
General Phenomenon ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth

The subject of economic growth and development has taken a great space of importance in recent decades, level in terms of economic theory, scientific and academic research or the level of international institutions, and the level of countries and their economic orientations. Economic growth as a general phenomenon is a means of achieving various purposes. Growth rate or at least improve it by introducing all the conditions imposed by economic development. Economic growth remains the main concern of the various systems on the one hand and individuals on the other. It is at the top of the objectives of economic policies as it represents the material conclusion of economic and non-economic efforts in society

scholarly journals Exogenous vs Endogenous Growth in the EU’s EaP and Central Asian Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (s1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkhom Sharipov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries

Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse the factors that affected economic growth in the EU’s Eastern Partnership and Central Asian countries in the 2000-2015 period. Economic growth is one of the main targets of economic policy of any country and influenced by various determinants. Of particular interest is the endogenous and exogenous nature of these factors. Having classified these factors into exogenous and endogenous ones, we examined and determined the significance and robustness of various factors influencing the economic growth in these countries, like investment, human capital, research and development, economic policies and macroeconomic conditions, openness to trade, geography, political factors and others. Correlation and factor analysis showed significance and strong association of GDP per capita with physical, human capital, and R&D in EaP countries and with natural resources and active population share in Central Asian countries.

scholarly journals Tax burden in EU countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Branimir Kalaš
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
Average Share ◽  
The Subject

The degree of tax burden in the economy is a significant issue for every country. The state and fiscal authorities should provide a stimulating but sustainable tax environment that will cause positive implications for economic growth and development. The aim of this paper is to determine the degree of tax burden from the aspect of direct taxes and indirect taxes, as well as the correlation level with the annual rate of gross domestic product. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the tax burden in EU countries for the period 2006-2018. The results of the analysis indicate that average share of total taxes is 38.18% of gross domestic product, where the average share of direct taxes is 12.77% and the average share of indirect taxes is 13.42% of gross domestic product. Also, the results of correlation matrix show a statistically significant and negative correlation between tax burden and economic growth measured by the annual growth rate of gross domestic product.

The Relationship Between Financial Development, Innovation and Economic Growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 462-479
Author(s):  
Asuman Koc Yurtkur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
System Development ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Along with the globalization process, the relationship between the existence of an advanced financial system, financial development and economic growth has become one of the most debated issues. The financial system, development and development indicators, which play an important role in the overall success levels of the economy, are among the topics to be considered due to this importance. In this study, financial development, economic growth, and theoretical approaches are discussed. Moreover, the fact that the subject is empirically presenting evidence requires examination of this situation with studies in the literature. The presence of the findings obtained empirically, in particular Turkey's economy has made it necessary to include a large empirical literature. The generally accepted financial development indicators, which provide comparability in terms of countries, are examined in terms of financial markets and financial institutions in terms of depth, access, stability and efficiency during the period 2005-2015.

scholarly journals CAPITAL FLOWS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
Balogun Taiwo Gabriel ◽  
Okafor John ◽  
Ihayere Oseghale Baryl
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Complementarity Effect ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Domestic Savings ◽  
The Impact

On the front burner of developing countries’ economic policy is the pursuit of economic growth and development. This however has been hindered by inadequate resources needed to drive the process of growth and development. One of the key components fronting the movement in support of economic globalization and integration is capital flows considering its complementarity effect in bridging the gap between domestic savings and investment. This study therefore examines the impact of capital flows on economic growth in Nigeria using data covering the period 1981 to 2016 and sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria. The method of error correction model framework and autoregressive distributed lag was adopted in estimating our specified model. Findings from our estimated model reveal that capital flows significantly affect economic growth in Nigeria. The study thus recommends that, sound, robust and vigorous economic policies be formulated with the sole purpose of attracting and drawing capital flows into the country that helps to bridge the needed capital for economic growth and development in Nigeria.

scholarly journals The Geographic Determinants of Economic Growth and the Increasing Albania-Kosovo Trade Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Valbona Mehmeti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Food Productivity ◽  
Determinants Of Economic Growth ◽  
Shed Light

For the last few years, the trade volume between Albania and Kosovo has increased considerably, clearly showing that, on top of many other factors, the geographic determinants of economic growth and development must never be underestimated. On the other hand, the ever-closer economic integration of Albania and Kosovo is only natural and should not be considered as a cause for political rifts in the Western Balkans. The paper will go through the various documents and agreements adopted by Tirana and Pristina to promote mutual trade relations, and it will refer to an abundance of data indicating the improving trade relations. Subsequently, the paper will shed light on the patterns of economic behavior that Albania and Kosovo show, a behavior which can be better comprehended under the framework of geographic determinants of economic growth and development, such as location, resources, food productivity, population and population growth, regionalization, culture, etc.

scholarly journals Foreign aid, China’s aid and Africa’s Development: Interrogating the Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Tetteh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Perspective

The distinctiveness of aid to economic growth and development of developing countries has stirred up discussions over the years. The conventional arguments have sought to evince both optimistic and pessimistic views about aid to development in Africa while at the same time studies are copiously emerging around Chinese aid to Africa’s development within the broader China-Africa engagements. This article interrogates the dynamics surrounding the subject to examine foreign aid, China’s aid practice toward Africa and the possible implications for Africa’s development. Probing into the general perspective in literature and other primary sources, the study submits that China’s active aid practice has heightened the uncertainties around foreign aid to Africa’s development. Notwithstanding the verity of China’s aid policies and principles being germane to Africa’s development, the practical implementation maintains certain attributes that provoke divided thoughts. Hence, the requisite platform of action should be bolstered to consider both the Chinese interests and the African needs for a well-balanced development in the acclaimed South-South cooperation partnership.

scholarly journals The convergence of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam: A novel approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256524
Author(s):  
Nhan Thien Nguyen ◽  
Ha Son Nguyen ◽  
Chi Minh Ho ◽  
Duc Hong Vo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Economic Regions

Financial inclusion has generally been considered an effective mechanism to support economic growth and reduce Vietnam’s poverty for the last decade. While the importance of financial inclusion to economic growth or macroeconomic stability has been widely examined, it appears that the degree of financial inclusion across Vietnam has not attracted attention from academics and policymakers. In particular, a convergence of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam has never been examined. This paper is conducted to examine the static and dynamic distributions of financial inclusion across provinces in Vietnam. The latest three biennial surveys from 2014 to 2018 and a novel approach known as the dynamic kernel density function are used in this study. Our results indicate that Vietnam’s economic growth and development over the 2014–2018 period is relatively inclusive. The evidence also demonstrates that households provided with access to multiple sources of finance depend significantly on the provincial level of income. We also find that provinces located in the national key economic regions, including (i) the Northern region and (ii) the Southern region, appear to achieve a higher degree of financial inclusiveness. Our findings also confirm the catching-up from the financially disadvantaged provinces to financially advantaged provinces locating within the key economic regions. We argue that understanding the asymmetric effect of economic growth on financial inclusion will be helpful for the Vietnamese government in formulating and implementing economic policies promptly to secure the sustainable and inclusive goals of economic growth and development in the future.

On the relationship of structural changes and economic growth in the world economy and Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Mironov ◽  
I. D. Konovalova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes the relationship between structural changes and economic growth in the world economy and Russia. The authors note the emergence of a growth model in the world economy based on the complementarity of economic policies aimed, on the one hand, at the development of fundamental foundations of economic growth (institutions, human capital, infrastructure, macroeconomic stabilization), and, on the other hand, at initiating growth through structural reforms (even under stable foundations). Analyzing the trends of structural changes in the world economy, the authors consider new forms of structural policy, in particular, the ones oriented at the issue of identification of sectors — potential drivers of economic growth using the portfolio approach. A preliminary version of the model of Russian economy based on the multi-sector variety of the Thirlwall’s law is presented in the paper.

The Greek economy in a Kaldorian developmental framework

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Katrakilidis ◽  
Persefoni Tsaliki ◽  
Theodosios Tsiakis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Empirical Ground ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Greek Economy ◽  
Difficult Times

This paper empirically explores the validity of the Kaldorian insights into economic growth and development. In doing so, we examine the three laws outlined in Kaldor’s analysis and test their relevance to the Greek economy for the period 1970–2006. We employ the ARDL method to analyse the long-run and short-run relationships among the variables. The empirical results confirm Kaldor’s proposition about the importance of the demand side of the economy and thus provide the necessary theoretical and empirical ground for innovative economic policies in these difficult times for Greece.

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