scholarly journals A mineração na região do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba: agente de modernização e formação de fronteira

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Rita De Cassia Martins de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Administrative Region ◽  
De Se ◽  
Wealth Generation

ResumoA busca por minerais como o ouro e a prata ou as pedras preciosas foi um dos maiores empreendimentos desde a colonização no Brasil. Para além de se constituir simplesmente numa atividade econômica, a mineração gerou uma dinâmica intensa sobre o interior do território e por isso mesmo ela teve papel decisivo para a formação territorial brasileira. A área mais restrita a que diz respeito este trabalho, a região do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, refere-se a uma parte do “grande interior” em que a mineração desempenhou e ainda desempenha funções de extrema importância tanto no sentido da geração de riquezas, como também para a própria constituição das sociedades locais e seus processos de formação. Desta forma, este trabalho vem contribuir para a compreensão da mineração enquanto um agente primordial para a formação territorial na área compreendida pela região administrativa do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba no Estado de Minas Gerais. Apresenta uma periodização para a mineração praticada na área procurando compreendê-la no processo mais amplo da formação territorial brasileira em seus momentos mais decisivos.Palavras Chave: Mineração, Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, periodização, fronteiraAbstractBesides being simply an economic activity, mining was generating an intense dynamic on the interior of the territory and, for this reason, it had a decisive role in Brazilian territorial formation. This study concerns about the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba area, usually referred as part of the "great interior" where the mining sector has played, and still plays, a role of utmost importance in terms of wealth generation, as well as in the constitution of the local societies and their processes of formation. Thus, this study intends to understand mining as an primordial agent for territorial formation in the area covered by the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, an administrative region in the State of Minas Gerais. A periodization for mining practiced is in the area was presented, looking to understand it in the broader process of the Brazilian territorial formation, in their most decisive moments.Keywords: Mining, Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, Periodization, Frontier RésuméLa recherche pour les minéraux comme l’or, l’argent ou les pierres précieuses a été une des plus grandes entreprises depuis la colonisation du Brésil. En plus d’être simplement une activité économique, l’exploitation minérale a généré une dynamique intense sur le territoire et, pour cette raison, elle a joué un rôle décisif dans la formation territoriale Brésilienne. La région la plus restreinte concernant ce travail est la région du Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, qui concerne la partie du “grande interior”, dans laquelle l’exploitation minière jouait et excerce encore des fonctions d’extrême importance, à la fois pour la génération de richesses, ainsi que pour la propre constitution des societés locales et leurs processus de formation. Ainsi, ce travail vient contribuer à la compréhension de l'exploitation minière en tant qu' agent primordial pour la formation territoriale dans la zone comprise dans la région administrative du Triângulo Mineiro / Alto Paranaíba, dans l'État de Minas Gerais. Une périodisation pour l'exploitation minière pratiquée dans la région a été présentée, afin de la comprendre dans le processus plus large de la formation territoriale brésilienne dans ses moments les plus décisifs.Mots clés: Exploitation minière, Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, périodisation, frontière

The main directions of educational policy of Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
K. E. Stupak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Education System ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
State Education Policy ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Education

The article deals with analyzing the main streams of the education policy in Finland, which reflect the relationship between a person and society in modern socio–economic conditions. Such policy directs the system of education to change the person and his mind himself. Finland using its education system, has long before been concerned about preparing people for the future by reforming approaches to teaching in schools and higher education institutions. As a result, it has achieved world–wide recognition and top positions in various ratings have resulted. Therefore, today there is a great interest of scientists in certain issues of education functioning in Finland. Thus, G. Androshchuk, V. Butova. I. Zhernokleeva, T. Pushkareva and others study in their works the purpose and decisive role of Finland's education policy in the development of the education system. S. Grinyuk and V. Zagvozdkin pay attention to the practical the steps of reforming the Finnish system of education. T. Drobyshevsk investigates the system of providing educational services in Finland as a sector of knowledge production. L. Volynets, P. Kukharchuk consider the principles of the state education policy of Finland. L. Smolskaya examines the role of the state policy in implementing the "Finnish phenomenon"; P. Basyliuk and Yu. Kulykova, focus attention on the study of the evolution of the system of higher education in Finland; O. Scherbak reveals peculiarities of vocational education and training.

Capital and Capitalism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit K. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Modern Industrial Society ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The chapter summarizes the nature of capital and capitalism. The chapter also highlights concepts related to the role of the State in economic activity, and the nature of industrial policy. The initial concepts dealt with are that of capital as a fund, capital as structure and capital as capabilities. Capitalism necessitates socially organizing production. Assessing organizational and administrative contingencies is important for understanding capitalism. Institutions are the bedrock of capitalism. The broad roles of Government, in designing laws and regulations, building infrastructure and acting as entrepreneur, are discussed. The implementation of national industrial strategies facilitates growth. The nature of industrial strategies is highlighted. Industrial policy activities, as defined by the three facets of institutions, innovation and involvement, are discussed. With respect to India’s industrial strategy, independent India’s founders’ visions of a modern industrial society, grounded in a need to involve Government in institution building, are introduced.

Justiz als Wirtschaftsfaktor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Klose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Legal Situation

This book will not only be beneficial to experts in the judicial system and lawyers, but also to all those interested in addressing the questions of whether and how disputed claims can be asserted. As a consequence, the judicial system and business are uncomfortable bedfellows. Calculable commercial activity requires not only a clear legal situation, but also its predictable implementation. Guaranteeing this is one of the essential tasks of the state judicial system. This study examines the role of the judicial system in economic activity. It reveals the tense relationship between fast and appropriate legal protection, analyses the tasks of the legislative and the judicature, and seeks ways of improving them, dealing in detail with alternative ways of resolving disputes and how they rival forms of state legal protection. Finally, in line with its focus on economics, it also examines the significance of the costs of seeking justice.

scholarly journals Science and economy interrelation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-90
Author(s):  
Gennady V. Shepelev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State Financing

The model of interrelation between science and Economics is considered. The analysis of scientific research as a specific economic activity is carried out. The role of state and non-state financing in the organization of business based on scientific research is investigated. Based on the proposed concept the processes of forming the demand for scientific research are studied. In particular, explanations are given for the lack of business demand on research results. The role of the state in forming a request for scientific research for various sectors of science is shown.

scholarly journals A DINÂMICA AGROINDUSTRIAL NA MICRORREGIÃO DE ANÁPOLIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Idelmar da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Janes Socorro da Luz ◽  
Divina Aparecida Leonel Lunas
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Economic Dependence ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
De Se

O agronegócio é sabidamente a principal atividade econômica do estado de Goiás, assim, a industrialização, baseada nesse segmento, configurou-se como a primeira opção do Estado como forma de desenvolvimento e diminuição da dependência econômica em commodities. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a dinâmica agroindustrial na microrregião de Anápolis, composta por 20 municípios, que em sua maioria possuem economia fortemente vinculada à agropecuária. Para tanto, foram estudados dados econômicos e demográficos disponibilizados por órgãos públicos. Sendo que, verifica-se a importância do agronegócio para a região, e a necessidade de se desenvolver a atividade agroindustrial, principalmente relacionada à pequena propriedade rural, como forma de incentivar o desenvolvimento dos municípios, e a fixação da população em seus municípios de origem. Palavras-chave: Agroindústria. Distrito Agroindustrial. Agronegócio.   THE AGROINDUSTRIAL DYNAMICS IN THE ANÁPOLIS MICROREGION ABSTRACT Agribusiness is known to be the main economic activity in the state of Goiás, and industrialization, based on this segment, has become the first option of the state as a form of development and decrease of economic dependence on commodities. In this perspective, the present study has the objective of analyzing the agroindustrial dynamics in the Anápolis microregion, composed of 20 municipalities, most of which have an economy strongly linked to farming. For that, economic and demographic data provided by public agencies were studied. The importance of agribusiness for the region and the need to develop agroindustrial activity, mainly related to small rural property, as a way of encouraging the development of municipalities, and the establishment of the population in its municipalities of origin.  Key Words: Agroindustry. Agroindustrial District. Agribusiness.   EL AGROINDUSTRIAL DYNAMICS EN LOS ANÁPOLIS MICROREGION RESUMEN El agronegocio es sabidamente la principal actividad económica del estado de Goiás y la industrialización, basada en ese segmento, se configuró como la primera opción del Estado como forma de desarrollo y disminución de la dependencia económica en commodities. En esta perspectiva, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar la dinámica agroindustrial en la microrregión de Anápolis, compuesta por 20 municipios, que en su mayoría poseen una economía fuertemente vinculada a la agropecuaria. Para ello se estudiaron datos económicos y demográficos disponibles por organismos públicos. Siendo que, se verifica la importancia del agronegocio para la región, y la necesidad de desarrollar la actividad agroindustrial, principalmente relacionada a la pequeña propiedad rural, como forma de incentivar el desarrollo de los municipios, y la fijación de la población en sus municipios de origen. Palabras clave: Agroindustria. Distrito Agroindustrial. Agronegocio.

scholarly journals EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA AO LONGO DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS COMO GUIA PARA A GESTÃO REGIONALIZADA DA IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-467
Author(s):  
Angélica Carvalho Cunha ◽  
Cesar De Oliveira Ferreira Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Lilla Manzione ◽  
Fernando Ferrari Putti
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The North ◽  
De Se

EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA AO LONGO DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS COMO GUIA PARA A GESTÃO REGIONALIZADA DA IRRIGAÇÃO     ANGÉLICA CARVALHO CUNHA1; CÉSAR DE OLIVEIRA FERREIRA SILVA2; RODRIGO LILLA MANZIONE3 E FERNANDO FERRARI PUTTI4   1 Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua. Domingos da Costa Lopes, nº 780, Jardim Itaipu, 17602-496, Tupã, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista", Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua. Domingos da Costa Lopes, nº 780, Jardim Itaipu, 17602-496, Tupã, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]. 4Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua. Domingos da Costa Lopes, nº 780, Jardim Itaipu, 17602-496, Tupã, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Minas Gerais é o terceiro estado brasileiro com maior área irrigada, sendo assim é de suma importância o manejo da irrigação para garantir o uso sustentável dos recursos hídricos. Uma das formas de se calcular a quantidade hídrica necessária na irrigação é por meio da estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo). Os valores de evapotranspiração são influenciados por diversos fatores climatológicos, como: radiação solar, temperatura, deficiência de pressão de vapor, logo, os valores de evapotranspiração tendem a diferir de acordo com cada região. Assim, o presente estudo propõe a elaboração de um mapa de evapotranspiração de referência média para o estado de Minas Gerais como base para gestão hídrica para a agricultura. Os dados foram fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), utilizando Estações Meteorológicas Automáticas (EMAs) localizadas em 49 cidades do estado de Minas Gerais. Por meio das análises realizadas, pôde-se observar que, em mesorregiões caracterizadas por maior seca, como o norte do estado, os índices de evapotranspiração foram maiores do que em mesorregiões mais úmidas, que apresentam maiores níveis de precipitação, como as Regiões Centro, Sul e Triângulo Mineiro. Devido a sua característica úmida, a região do bioma Mata Atlântica obteve menores valores de ETo em relação aos biomas do Cerrado e Caatinga. Palavras-chave: gestão hídrica, manejo da irrigação, modelagem de dados.     CUNHA, A. C.; SILVA, C. O. F.; MANZIONE, R. L.; PUTTI, F. F. REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION THROUGHOUT THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS AS A GUIDE FOR REGIONALIZED IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT     2 ABSTRACT   Minas Gerais is the third Brazilian state with the largest irrigated area, so irrigation management is of paramount importance to ensure the sustainable use of water resources.  One way of calculating the water quantity needed for irrigation is by estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Evapotranspiration values are influenced by several climatological factors, such as solar radiation, temperature, vapor pressure deficiency; therefore, evapotranspiration values tend to differ according to each region. Thus, this study proposes the use of a medium reference evapotranspiration map of Minas Gerais as a basis for water management in agriculture. The data were provided by the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), using Automatic Meteorological Stations (EMAs) located in 49 cities in the state of Minas Gerais. Through the analysis conducted, it was observed that, in mesoregions characterized by greater drought, such as the north of the state, evapotranspiration rates were higher than in more humid mesoregions, which present higher levels of precipitation, such as the Central, Southern, and Mineiro Triangle Regions. Due to its humid characteristic, the region of the Atlantic Forest biome had lower ETo values compared to the Cerrado and Caatinga biomes.   Keywords: water management, irrigation management, data modeling.

scholarly journals Carbon Emissions from Fuel Combustion in the Economy of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (2005-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-491
Author(s):  
Marco Paulo Vianna Franco ◽  
Carla Cristina Aguilar de Souza ◽  
Terciane Sabadini Carvalho ◽  
Raimundo de Sousa Leal Filho ◽  
Reinaldo Carvalho de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
The State ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Substantial Growth ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Petroleum Derivatives ◽  
Trend Reversal

The article assesses carbon emissions from fuel combustion in the economy of the Brazilian State of Minas Gerais between 2005 and 2016. An open Leontief model with hybrid units and incorporation of an energy sector was built using available input-output matrices and energy flows by economic sector. Overall, “Transport, storage, and mailing”, “Petroleum derivatives and ethanol”, and “Metallurgy” remained as the most relevant sectors in terms of emissions. Total and distributive impacts decreased between 2005 and 2013, with a trend reversal between 2013 and 2016. In addition to these sectors, “Mining” and “Agriculture, forestry and logging” were significant sources of emissions embedded in exports. A reduction of approximately 20% in sectoral average and aggregate emission requirements was observed, despite the substantial growth of the economy of the State in the period. There were decreasing returns to such gains, which, alongside the trend reversal at the end of the period, point to the role of specific macroeconomic factors in the observed outcomes and the need for new initiatives to curb emissions in the future.

scholarly journals Práticas pedagógicas e obrigatoriedade de ensino nos primórdios do século XX: fundamento para análise das políticas públicas educacionais na contemporaneidade / Educational procedures and obligatoriness in the early 20th century

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Jardel Costa Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
School Culture ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The South ◽  
De Se ◽  
Cultura Escolar

Com a instalação dos Grupos Escolares no Estado de Minas Gerais a partir da reforma educacional de 1906 instituída pelo governo João Pinheiro, surgiram novos enfrentamentos como a obrigatoriedade escolar. Com o intuito de se evitar a evasão escolar e garantir a frequência dos alunos foram criadas várias práticas pedagógicas. A partir dos escritos de Firmino da Costa Pereira, primeiro diretor do Grupo Escolar de Lavras, cidade do sul de Minas Gerais, procura-se por meio desse artigo, compreender como questões tão emblemáticas na contemporaneidade já se faziam presentes nos primórdios do século XX, analisando as estratégias que foram inventadas para garantir a presença dos alunos nos bancos escolares.Palavras-chave: Grupo Escolar; Obrigatoriedade de ensino; Cultura escolar. ABSTRACT: Upon the implementation of public school groups in the State of Minas Gerais, after the educational reformulation made by João Pinheiro's government in 1906, new confrontations appeared, such as educational obligatoriness. In order to avoid students' evasion from school and ensure their attendance to classes, several educational procedures were created. Based on the writings of Firmino da Costa Pereira, first principal to Grupo Escolar de Lavras, a city in the South of Minas Gerais, this paper aims at understanding how such complex and current questions were already an issue in the early 20th century, by analyzing the strategies that were created to ensure students would attend classes at school.Keywords: Public School Groups; Educational Obligatoriness; School culture.

Reinterpreting the Geography of Accumulation: The Global Shift and Local Restructuring

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Fagan ◽  
Richard D Le Heron
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Complex World ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Role Of The State

The authors argue that the nation is not the natural space for the circulation and reproduction of capital, and that this is vitally important in understanding the restructuring of economic activity since the mid-1970s. Rapidly increasing global integration of production, realisation of profit, and the circulation of financial capital have been recognised widely. Yet little consensus has developed about cither the theoretical or empirical impacts of globalisation on changing spatial divisions of labour within developed capitalist countries. The authors outline a model of globalisation in which an increasingly internationalised process of accumulation is expressed in, and reproduced through, the changing social relations of production which remain bounded territorially by nation-states. The model is built up from a synthesis of some apparently disparate theoretical positions on capitalist restructuring crises taken by researchers during the 1980s. These include theories of the internationalisation of capital and those dealing with restructuring within nation-states after the now much-debated transition out of the regime of accumulation which produced the long boom after 1950. Some of these theories have focused too narrowly on the circuit of production to the exclusion of the increasingly complex world trading links and with a severe underestimation of the importance of global financial capital during the 1980s. Methodological implications of the model are investigated and the role of the state in a globally integrated economy is illuminated.

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