ISOLAMENTO ACÚSTICO DE PAREDES DE UM DORMITÓRIO POR MODELO SIMPLIFICADO [ Acoustic insulation of a bedroom walls by simplified model ]

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Gonçalves ◽  
Michele Tereza Marques Carvalho

RESUMO:  Após um longo período de debates, entrou em vigor a Norma de Desempenho - NBR 15.575 (ABNT,2013), instituindo níveis de desempenho mínimo ao longo da vida útil de uma edificação. Em relação ao desempenho acústico a norma determina que a edificação habitacional deva apresentar isolamento acústico adequado das vedações externas e isolamento acústico adequado entre áreas comuns e privativas. Para que os critérios de desempenho acústico exigidos sejam cumpridos, com o edifício acabado, é necessário um estudo de isolamento na fase de projeto e a posterior comprovação desse desempenho quando a edificação já estiver concluída. Este trabalho buscou determinar o isolamento acústico de paredes de vedação de um dormitório em um projeto habitacional que será localizado em Anápolis/GO, prevendo sua composição por alvenaria de bloco cerâmico. Para tanto, foi feita a predição por método de cálculo definida no Norma ISO 12.354-1 (EN, 2000), através do qual foram determinados os índices de redução sonoros ponderados e a Diferença Padronizada de Nível Ponderada dos componentes e sistemas construtivos das paredes de vedação. Além disso, foram recalculados os atenuantes sonoros de quatro sistemas construtivos dos DATec´s. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, sobretudo as paredes de vedação interna, não atingiram o desempenho acústico mínimo previsto na norma. Constatou-se ainda que determinados componentes diminuem consideravelmente o isolamento acústico das paredes de vedação. Comprovou-se, também, a importância da avaliação do desempenho acústico das edificações na etapa de projeto.ABSTRACT: After a long period of discussions, the Performance Standard - NBR 15.575 (ABNT,2013) entered into force, instituting minimum performance levels throughout the life of a building. Regarding the acoustic performance, the standard establishes that the housing construction must present adequate acoustic insulation of the external fences and adequate acoustic insulation between common and private areas. In order for the required acoustic performance criteria to be met, with the finished building, an isolation study is required at the design stage and subsequent proof of this performance when the building is completed. This paper aimed to determine the acoustic insulation of the walls of a dormitory in a housing project that will be located in Anápolis / GO, predicting its composition by masonry of ceramic block. In order to do so, the calculation method defined in Standard ISO 12.354-1 (EN, 2000) was used to determine the weighted sound reduction indices and the Standardized Weighted Level Difference of the components and construction systems of the walls. In addition, the sound attenuators of four DATec's construction systems were recalculated. The results showed that, especially the internal sealing walls, did not reach the minimum acoustic performance predicted in the standard. It has further been found that certain components considerably decrease the acoustic insulation of the sealing walls. It was also verified the importance of evaluating the acoustic performance of the buildings in the design stage.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda de Oliveira ◽  
Sérgio Klippel Filho ◽  
Fernanda Pacheco ◽  
Jorge Viçoso Patrício ◽  
Bernardo Fonseca Tutikian

Abstract The materials that compose a construction system influence directly the acoustic performance of buildings.In masonry systems, through experiments, the geometry of the blocks and the types of coating were perceived as fundamental factors on the acoustic performance of walls. Therefore, this study intends to enrich the database and promote analysis for the civil construction industry by evaluating the airborne sound reduction of masonry walls composed by ceramic blocks with and without mortar coating. Accordingly, different partitions made of different ceramic blocks were built to determine the performance discrepancies in the partitions’ behavior due to physical characteristics and the influence of the mortar coating. These analyses were made in laboratory. As a result, without coating, the highest sound reduction was observed in the samples with more bulk mass and higher Aliq/At ratio (relationship between the net and gross areas of the ceramic blocks). Then, with the mortar coating, the coating improved the sound reduction. Moreover, the bulk mass was the most influential characteristic in comparison to the Aliq/At ratio, even though the best results were obtained in the samples with higher Aliq/At ratios.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5637
Author(s):  
Peter Kaľavský ◽  
Róbert Rozenberg ◽  
Peter Korba ◽  
Martin Kelemen ◽  
Matej Antoško ◽  
...  

Testing in the field of parachute technology provides space for the application of new and innovative methods of measuring operating and functional parameters. The main aim of the paper is to present the results of research for the verification of the photo-optical method of measuring the vertical speed of the M-282 parachutes, and for its use in testing, collecting, and investigating motion data in parachuting. As part of this measuring technology, twelve jumps were performed. It was verified that the experiment was completed for the M-282 parachute according to the regulation of SAE AS 8015B “Minimum Performance Standard Parachute Assemblies and Components”. An analysis of the influencing factors and quantification of their influence on the uncertainty of the measurement results was also performed. The results of the measurement achieved by using the photo-optical method were compared with the measurement with the electronic variometer FLYTEC 4030. The vertical speed of the M-282 parachute (4.655 m·s−1) defined by the photo-optical method is significantly similar to the vertical speed of the M-282 parachute (4.662 m·s−1) defined by FLYTEC 4030. We can state that the process of identifying the vertical speed of the parachute by the photo-optical method was correct. This is a suitable method of evaluating motion data in the operation of M-282 type parachutes. In the following research for generalization of the methodology, we assume the performance of more than 60 experimental jumps using different types of parachutes, digital sensors (cameras), and a photo-optical method to examine motion data and formulate recommendations for testing, investigative applications, individualized training programs, and aspects of parachuting injury prevention.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3168
Author(s):  
Gioia Fusaro ◽  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Zhenbo Lu ◽  
Fangsen Cui ◽  
Jian Kang

Crucial factors in window performance, such as natural ventilation and noise control, are generally conceived separately, forcing users to choose one over the other. To solve this dualism, this study aimed to develop an acoustic metamaterial (AMM) ergonomic window design to allow noise control without dependence on the natural ventilation duration and vice versa. First, the finite element method (FEM) was used to investigate the noise control performance of the acoustic metawindow (AMW) unit, followed by anechoic chamber testing, which also served as the validation of the FEM models. Furthermore, FEM analysis was used to optimise the acoustic performance and assess the ventilation potential. The numerical and experimental results exhibited an overall mean sound reduction of 15 dB within a bandwidth of 380 to 5000 Hz. A good agreement between the measured and numerical results was obtained, with a mean variation of 30%. Therefore, the AMW unit optimised acoustic performance, resulting in a higher noise reduction, especially from 50 to 500 Hz. Finally, most of the AMW unit configurations are suitable for natural ventilation, and a dynamic tuned ventilation capacity can be achieved for particular ranges by adjusting the window’s ventilation opening. The proposed designs have potential applications in building acoustics and engineering where natural ventilation and noise mitigation are required to meet regulations simultaneously.


2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Lai ◽  
Marc-Eric Bobillier Chaumon ◽  
Jacqueline Vacherand-Revel ◽  
Audrey Abitan

Purpose This paper aims to focus on activity-based workplaces, which offer a diversity of typologies and configurations which, instead of being attributed to users, are shared according to the needs of their activities. Indeed, this paper questions the way these activity-based workplaces configure the ways in which individuals and collectives carry out their activity. Design/methodology/approach To do so, this paper established a two-phase methodology. Three days of observation amid three different units evolving in activity-based workplaces have helped us to identify the uses that emerged from these spatial typologies. Then, a set of two interviews with eight participants have been conducted based on the four dimensions of the situated acceptance model (Bobillier Chaumon, 2013) and on picture elicitation. Findings The results allow us to understand how activity-based workspaces can be considered as artefacts for the activity that needs to be appropriated to allow the worker to realise his activity. Research limitations/implications The results provide an overview of the social and psychological consequences of activity-based workspaces on workers, their work collective and their activity. Thus, the conclusions can be mobilised in activity-based real estate projects, for example, during the design stage. Originality/value This research conducted with a situated approach based upon the study of the development of the activity proposes a change from the usual managerial approach about these activity-based workplaces, which prescribe an ideal way of working within the workplace.


1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1736-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
S S Ehrmeyer ◽  
R H Laessig ◽  
J E Leinweber ◽  
J J Oryall

Abstract On March 14, 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and the Health Care Financing Administration published criteria for defining minimum performance in proficiency testing (PT). Using our previously described computer modeling technique, we determined the likelihood of passing PT under the new rules. The model relates combinations of intralaboratory CV and bias to PT performance criteria. For example, a laboratory with a bias of zero and an internal CV of 5% will pass a 10% fixed-limit PT criterion (i.e., the criterion for glucose analyses) 98% of the time when five samples are used. The model provides similar analyses for all PT criteria and all relevant combinations of CV and bias. The probability of passing PT decreases as the number of analytes tested increases, i.e., from 98% to 37% as the number of analytes increases from 1 to 20. A laboratory's internal CV has a greater effect on the outcome of PT than do the corresponding bias values. We conclude that a laboratory that operates with methods that have internal CVs less than or equal to 33% and biases less than or equal to 20% of the PT criteria will have a greater than 99% chance of passing PT.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Flynn ◽  
Luc van Doorslaer

AbstractResearch in Translation Studies has witnessed an increased interest in translation phenomena in cities as well as in links between translation and migration. Although non-institutionalized translation is not at all new, contemporary migration realities offer opportunities for innovative research in this area. Outside more immediate immigration flows, many European cities have both longer and more recent histories of translational interaction between local populations and immigrants. This paper deals with non-professional translation among such groups both within and outside the family. To do so it presents the results of a case study on forms of non-professional translation in a social housing project in Ghent (Flanders, Belgium).The article focuses on such issues as the actors, circumstances, and the degrees of stereotyping and/or stigmatization involved in non-professional translation practices. The case study draws on qualitative and quantitative research that addresses the following questions:– Who translates and who has translated what and under which circumstances?– What is the exact position of translation, language and cultural transfer in the daily life of the residents of the block of flats in Ghent?– To which extent are these translational exchanges illustrative of contemporary life in our cities?


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