scholarly journals The Effects of Municipal Policy on Green Building Designations in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-63
Author(s):  
Choi Eugene
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Green Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Municipal Policy ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Municipal Policies ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Supply Side Factors

This article describes the results of a quantitative examination of the effect of municipal policies on the number of commercial office buildings with a green building designation. Many states and cities have adopted green building requirements and incentives as policy instruments. During this study, an ordinary least square (OLS) regression analysis was conducted using American inner cities as a unit of analysis and coding municipal green building regulations and incentives as four separate dummy variables. The study also included four factors grouped by a factor analysis-supply-side factors, demand-side factors, air quality, and temperature-to control for external effects that can affect the decision to implement green building construction. The results indicate that, at the municipal level, regulatory policy has been a strong tool to promote green office building developments, as expected, but incentive-based policies have not been as effective, with the exception of administrative incentives.

scholarly journals Identification of the Long-Run Determinants of U.S.-Canada Softwood Lumber Trade

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Zara Liaqat ◽  
Xinya Wang
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Impulse Response Functions ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Exchange Rate Movements

This paper uses monthly data from 1994 to 2016 in order to analyze the time series properties of the determinants of Canadian softwood lumber exports to the United States. The key findings generally support the hypotheses of previous studies with the exception of the significance of bilateral exchange rate movements. Based on dynamic ordinary least square estimates and several robust cointegraton tests, the paper finds that the estimated coefficients of exchange rate, softwood lumber price ratio and the two softwood lumber trade agreements are highly sensitive to the lag order used in econometric models. On the other hand, the coefficient of housing starts index remains independent of the variation in number of lags included. In addition, we study the long-run response of Canadian exports of lumber to shocks in these determinants by generating impulse response functions.

scholarly journals Causal Nexus between Government Debt, Exports and Economic Growth for Three Eurozone Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Dritsakis ◽  
Pavlos Stamatiou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortgage Market ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Relationship

<em>The relationship between government debt, exports and economic growth has been the focus of a considerable number of academic studies in recent years. The economic crisis, which started in the United States mortgage market, quickly went global when mortgage-backed securities traded by financial institutions. Europe’s response was immediate regarding the measures to tackle the crisis. The establishment of common strategies was the long term goal of the European Union (EU). This paper examines the relationship between government debt, exports and economic growth in the EU countries with the highest level of government debt, using panel data over the period 1990-2014. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) methods are used to estimate the long run relationship between the variables. In addition, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used in order to investigate the causal relationship between the examined variables. The empirical results of the study revealed that there are both short and long run relationships. Findings suggest that that there is a unidirectional causality running from exports to economic growth as well as from exports and economic growth to government debt. The results provide evidence to support the export led-growth hypothesis. Exports are an important factor for economic development. Moreover, the results reveal that government debt is affected by exports both directly and indirectly through economic growth. Policy implications are then explored in the conclusions.</em>

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Volume Ekspor Kopi dari Kabupaten Aceh Tengah ke Amerika Serikat

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Afriamah Afriamah ◽  
Zulkarnain Lubis ◽  
Mitra Musika Lubis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Export Demand ◽  
Ordinary Least Square

Indonesia is one of the world's largest coffee producers, it can be seen from the amount of exports from Indonesia for coffee export. In the past few years, several companies have carried out massive expansion to get Gayo coffee from Central Aceh Regency and Bener Meriah. The purpose of this study was to analysis what factors influence the volume of Gayo coffee exports from Central Aceh Regency to the United States. The data collection method using the documentary method is the data obtained and viewed by the document in accordance with the variables in the research model in the period 2013-2017. Data collected is secondary data. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression with the method used is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Method. From the research using multiple linear regression analysis obtained that variables which have significant effect to the export demand of Gayo Coffee from the United States is Global Coffee Prices. While the production of domestic Gayo coffee, the exchange rate of dollars against the rupiah and the price of foreign Gayo coffee are not significant to the demand for export of Gayo coffee to the United States.

Variation in Subjective Aging by Sexual Minority Status

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Barrett ◽  
Harry Barbee
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Subjective Aging

The past few decades have seen increased scholarly attention to gay and lesbian individuals' aging experiences; however, few studies examine differences in subjective aging by sexual minority status. We identify four perspectives on the association between sexual minority status and subjective aging—double jeopardy, crisis competence, gender interactive, and limited salience perspectives. We examine each perspective’s predictions using data from the first wave of Midlife in the United States (1995–1996; MIDUS). Ordinary least square regression models reveal strongest support for the limited salience perspective, suggesting that sexual minority status has weaker effects on subjective aging than do other social factors, such as age, health, and gender. However, some results provide support for the gender interactive perspective, positing that the effect of sexual minority status on subjective aging varies by gender. Our study provides an organizational framework of theoretical perspectives that can guide further examinations of variation in aging experiences by sexual minority status.

scholarly journals Impact of Public Consumption on Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Naftaly Mose
Keyword(s):  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
East African ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Economic Recessions

Faced with the financial crisis and global economic recessions, Africa governments have rediscovered the importance of economic policy instruments. They use it to rescue the bankrupt banks, and to make more economic activity to carry back recession. But now there's a backlash demanding that the deficits used to create the stimulus must be reduced by cutting public consumption spending on a grand scale. Hence the target of this study is to explore the role of public consumption expenditure on economic process in East African geographic region. The study will use panel ordinary least square estimation technique to attain the study objective. The study has identified consumption expenditure to be negatively associated with growth. This study recommends few funds should be channeled to public consumption programmes and sectors.

scholarly journals ROLE OF LIQUIDITY AND PROFITABILITY OF SHARIA BANK ON INDONESIAN ECONOMIC GROWT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Iwan Setiawan ◽  
Teti Sofia Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
Profit Value

This research aims to find out the factors that determine liquidity and profitability as well as the contribution of Sharia banking to the economic growth in Indonesia. The study used quarterly data for the period 2009-2019, a multiple regression model with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analysis method. The results revealed that capital, financing and third party funds are factors that determine the liquidity of Sharia banking. Sharia banking profitability is influenced by capital and inflation. The role of Sharia banking on economic growth occurs through financing activities, large capital and utilization of Sharia monetary policy instruments. Efforts to control liquidity at optimal levels can be done by taking into account the capital factors held by Sharia banking. Efforts to achieve maximum value of profitability can be implemented by benefiting price stability in the macroeconomic. Efforts to boost economic growth are carried out by utilizing rising prices and limiting the profit value of Sharia monetary policy instruments. Moreover,  Sharia banking is able to increase the share of financing channeled.

scholarly journals Pengujian Empiris Pengaruh Ketidakpastian Kebijakan Ekonomi Amerika Serikat Terhadap Dinamika Perekonomian Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Suwito Suwito ◽  
Siswoyo Hari Santosa ◽  
Duwi Yunitasari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Relationship

The global economic uncertainy situation is one of the phenomena that occurs at this time. Erratic economic policies in developed countries have an impact on the economy in developing countries. This study analyzes the influence of uncertainty in US economic policy on the dynamics of the Indonesian economy. Estimates using the Ordinary Least square method are used to determine the relationship between variables. Then the data used in this study began in 1998Q1-2016Q4. The estimation results show that the dynamics of uncertainty in US economic policies have a significant effect on the Indonesian economy. EPU variables, US exchange rates, and have a significant effect on Indonesia's economic growth. This result is proven by the IRF which indicates the response from the EPU fluctuation which was responded to by the GDP variable in Indonesia. These conditions indicate that the uncertainty of the economic policies of the United States affects the performance of the Indonesian economy.

scholarly journals Analisis Permintaan Ekspor Kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Rima Kartika Fatha
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The United States ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
Econometric Approach ◽  
The Relationship

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor pertanian yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Indonesia termasuk dalam lima besar negara dengan ekspor kopi terbesar di dunia. Amerika Serikat merupakan negara tujuan utama ekspor kopi Indonesia. Harga kopi Indonesia yang tinggi tidak menurunkan volume ekspor kopi dari Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor permintaan ekspor kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan ekonometrika dinamis melalui pendekatan Ordinary Least Square (OLS). OLS digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara dua variabel. Variabel yang digunakan adalah harga riil ekspor kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat, Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) di Indonesia, GDP perkapita riil Amerika Serikat, dan volume ekspor kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat. Berdasarkan hasil olah data yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa bahwa harga kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat dan GDP perkapita Amerika Serikat memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat. Sedangkan variabel Penanaman Modal Asing di Indonesia memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan bernilai negatif terhadap permintaan ekspor kopi Indonesia ke Amerika Serikat. Coffee is one agricultural export commodities which have high economic value. Indonesia is one of the top five countries with the largest coffee export. United States is the main export destination for Indonesian coffee. Indonesia's high coffee prices do not decrease the volume of coffee exports from Indonesia to the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the demand factors Indonesian coffee exports to the United States. Methods of data analysis used in this research is to use dynamic econometric approach Ordinary Least Square (OLS). OLS is used to see the relationship between the two variables. The variables used were the real price of Indonesia's coffee exports to the United States, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Indonesia, US real per capita GDP, and the volume of Indonesia's coffee exports to the United States. Based on the results of data if it is found that that the price of coffee in Indonesia to the United States and the GDP per capita in the United States has a positive and significant impact on the volume of Indonesian coffee exports to the United States. While variable Foreign Investment in Indonesia has significant influence and a negative value to the request of Indonesia's coffee exports to the United States.

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING, PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL, GDP PER KAPITA, SEKTOR PERTANIAN, DAN URBANISASI TERHADAP PENDUDUK BEKERJA DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
John Marcell Rumondor
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Per Capita

This research aims to understand the influenceof foreign investment, international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization of the working population. Country used as an object in this research is Indonesia. This research uses the method of analysis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the multiple linear regression analysis method. Research period are from 1997 – 2012. The results showed that the international trade, Gross Domestic Product per capita, agriculture and urbanization have significantpositive influenceon the population work in Indonesia, but foreign investment has no significanteffect on the working population in Indonesia.

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