scholarly journals Clinical Improvement in Patients with Morbus Hansen Borderline Tuberculoid Lesions with 3-Month Multibacillary Regimen Therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Putu Eka Ratna Setia Rahayu ◽  
Gusti Ayu Vina Mery Giovani
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Foot Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background/Aim: Morbus Hansen (MH) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The disease has an average incubation period of 3-5 years. Morbus Hansen (MH) has various clinical, microbiological and histopathological features. In the following, a new case of MH is reported with a clinical manifestation of Borderline Tuberculoid (BT) type MH. The patient was treated with the MDT MB regimen for 3 months and had clinical improvement. Case Report: A 23-year-old boy with complaints of sudden feeling of heat, tingling and cramping from the tip of his right foot to the sole of his right foot. He also complaining about black lesions on both hands, right elbow, face, chest and back. The diagnosis of gout, fungus and dermatitis can be ruled out after microscopic examination of AFB on the right, left ear lobe, and foot lesions showed negative results and histopathological examination results showed Morbus Hansen type BT. The risk factor for contracting Morbus Hansen is the patient has lived in a dormitory for 2.5 years and it is known that there are people who suffer from a similar disease in that environment. The patient was treated using a multibacillary regimen for 3 months and the lesions improved and the numbness decreased. Treatment plan during the case for 12-18 months. This case is unique due to the clinical manifestation has not significant characteristic for MH, AFB is not found from ear lobe smear. MH established after skin biopsy done. Conclusion: It was reported that one MH case with TB for 3 months had clinical improvement, with plans to continue treatment for 12-18 months. Keywords: Borderline Tuberculoid; Morbus Hansen, Multibacillary.

scholarly journals Alternative Leprosy Treatment Using Rifampicin Ofloxacin Minocycline (ROM) Regimen – Two Case Reports

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Yohanes Widjaja ◽  
Khairuddin Djawad ◽  
Saffruddin Amin ◽  
Widyawati Djamaluddin ◽  
Dirmawati Kadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Erythematous Plaque ◽  
First Case ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome ◽  
Significant Clinical Improvement ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction. Leprosy is a disease that predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves, resulting in neuropathy and associated long-term consequences, including deformities and disabilities. According to the WHO classification, there are two categories of leprosy, paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB). The standard treatment for leprosy employs the use of WHO MDT (Multi Drug Treatment) regimen, despite its multiple downsides such as clofazimine-induced pigmentation, dapsone-induced haematological adverse effects, poor compliance due to long therapy duration, drug resistance, and relapse. Multiple studies and case reports using ROM regimen have reported satisfactory results. Nevertheless, there are still insufficient data to elucidate the optimum dosage and duration of ROM regimen as an alternative treatment for leprosy. Previous experience from our institution revealed that ROM regimen given three times weekly resulted in a satisfactory outcome. Case Reports. We report two cases of leprosy treated with ROM regimen from our institution. The first case was PB leprosy in a 64-year-old male who presented with a single scaly plaque with erythematous edge on the right popliteal fossa. Sensibility examination showed hypoesthesia with no peripheral nerve enlargement. Histopathological examination confirmed Borderline Tuberculoid leprosy. ROM regimen was started three times weekly for 6 weeks and the patient showed significant clinical improvement at the end of the treatment with no reaction or relapse until after 6 months after treatment. The second case was MB leprosy in a 24-year-old male patient with clawed hand on the 3rd-5th phalanges of the right hand and a hypoesthetic erythematous plaque on the forehead. Histopathology examination confirmed Borderline leprosy. The patients received ROM therapy 3 times a week with significant clinical improvement after 12 weeks. Conclusion. ROM regimen given three times weekly for 6 weeks in PB leprosy and 12 weeks in MB leprosy resulted in a significant clinical improvement. Thus, ROM regimen could be a more effective, safer, faster alternative treatment for leprosy.

scholarly journals A Case of Actinomycosis in the Rosenmüller’s Fossa

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132097485
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kusaka ◽  
Shigeru Kuwashima ◽  
Harukazu Hiraumi ◽  
Hiroaki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Actinomyces Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Actinomycosis is an infrequent infectious disease caused by Actinomyces species. Actinomycoses in the nasopharynx are extremely rare, especially in the Rosenmüller’s fossa. This report presents a case of actinomycosis in the Rosenmüller’s fossa. A 75-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of bloody sputum. A grayish-white caseous tissue was found in the right Rosenmüller’s fossa after retracting the torus tubarius. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-defined lesion with low-signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images; small low-signal areas were interspersed inside. The lesion was removed under an endoscope. Histopathological examination revealed eosinophilic, club-shaped structures surrounding a hematoxylophilic center, leading to the diagnosis of actinomycosis. The symptoms improved after 3 months of amoxicillin administration but recurred quickly. After 6 months of amoxicillin administration, the bloody sputum disappeared, and local and imaging findings were normal.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Management of Leprosy

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Medhi Denisa Alinda ◽  
Silvani Geani ◽  
Regitta Indira Agusni ◽  
Bagus Haryo Kusumaputra ◽  
Novianti Rizky Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Skin Scraping ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
Negative Results

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which tends to attack peripheral nerves and skin. The diagnosis of leprosy is based on the presence of one of three cardinal signs. Early diagnosis of leprosy is critical and is made through clinical examination and investigation. Purpose: To discuss the diagnosis, laboratory examination, and treatment of leprosy, considering that early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are the key elements in breaking the chain of transmission and preventing leprosy patients' disabilities. Review: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium leprae. Based on clinical appearance, histopathology findings, and immunological, leprosy is grouped into six forms using the Ridley-Jopling classification, namely Tuberculoid (TT), Borderline Tuberculoid (BT), Borderline-borderline Mid-borderline (BB), Borderline-lepromatous (BL), Subpolar Lepromatous (LLs), and Polar Lepromatous (LLp). Based on the treatment category, leprosy is grouped into paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB). Leprosy is often diagnosed clinically, and skin scraping smear remains the preferred laboratory method. The negative results of smear skin scraping may not necessarily exclude leprosy. Therefore, a higher sensitivity test might be needed to detect M. leprae. Treatment with Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT) is adjusted based on the type of leprosy, whether it belongs to the PB or MB group. Treatment of PB type, regimens are rifampicin and dapsone, while in MB type, the patients received rifampicin, dapsone, and clofazimine regimens. Conclusion: A proper diagnosis for leprosy, both through physical examination and laboratory examination, is required to determine an effective MDT treatment and break the chain of disease transmission.

scholarly journals Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Mathur ◽  
R B K Ghimire ◽  
P Shrestha ◽  
S K Kedia
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
P Value ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Background Leprosy is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is classified into five groups based on clinical, histological, microbiological and immunological criteria (Ridley & Jopling Classification). However, a great variation has been observed in the interpretation of histopathological examination ok skin biopsies and clinical presentation of the disease. Objective To correlate clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis of leprosy patients in Nepal. Methods A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted among patients with all clinical types of leprosy, classified as per the Ridley-Jopling classification. Skin biopsies were taken from active lesions in all patients and were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin stain and modified Fite-Ferraco stain for identification of Mycobacterium leprae. The histopathological findings were compared with clinical diagnoses. Results A total 156 patients were studied, out of which 84 (53.8%) males and 72 (46.1%) females between 8 and 86 years of age. The majority of patients 33 (23.57%) were in the age group of 21-30 years and least affected was children below 10 years 1(0.007%).Overall coincidence of clinical and histopathological diagnoses of classification was seen in 115 cases (80.4%). The maximum correlation (95.2%) was noted in LL patients (p value 0.000049) followed by BT(89.74%), TT (73.2%), BL(72.4%), BB(64.7%). Conclusion Leprosy still continues to be one of the common infectious disease in Nepal and skin biopsy is a useful tool in confirming the clinical diagnosis of leprosy as well as for the therapeutic guide. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i4.6338 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(4):248-51

scholarly journals Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis masquerading as renal tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Samuel Lalhruaizela ◽  
Zothansanga Zadeng ◽  
Lal Hruaitluanga
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Pelvis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Renal Tuberculosis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exploratory Surgery

We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the right renal pelvis mimicking the signs, symptoms and radiological findings of renal tuberculosis (TB). She had been diagnosed initially for urinary tract infection and radiological diagnosis initially was more towards renal TB and urine cytology and cultures were normal. Specific investigations for tuberculosis all showed negative results. But as neoplasia could not be ruled out by ureterorenoscopy due to presence of multiple ureteric strictures, decision was taken for an exploratory surgery. During surgery it was found that there was a tumour in the upper pole of kidney involving the renal pelvis and was found to be papillary transitional cell carcinoma on histopathological examination.

Popliteal artery thrombosis secondary to a tibial osteochondroma

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruber-Szydlo ◽  
Poreba ◽  
Belowska-Bien ◽  
Derkacz ◽  
Badowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Popliteal Artery ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Plain Radiography ◽  
Artery Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Popliteal artery thrombosis may present as a complication of an osteochondroma located in the vicinity of the knee joint. This is a case report of a 26-year-old man with symptoms of the right lower extremity ischaemia without a previous history of vascular disease or trauma. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance angiography and Doppler ultrasonography documented the presence of an osteochondrous structure of the proximal tibial metaphysis, which displaced and compressed the popliteal artery, causing its occlusion due to intraluminal thrombosis..The patient was operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.

Successful Control of a Co-Infection Caused by Candida albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Keratitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debarati Paul ◽  
Suman Saha ◽  
Neelam Singh ◽  
Jayansgu Sengupta ◽  
Santi M. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Male Farmer ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corneal Button

Introduction: Nowadays, co-infection by interspecific organisms is major threat in infection control. To identify the effective combination of drugs to control the keratitis caused by Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are attributed in this study. Materilas and Methods: The patient of a 47 years old male farmer with infection in the right eye which showed redness and watering was treated with fortified cefazolin and fortified tobramycin before referral. No pigmentation or vascularisation was noted. The excised corneal button was also subjected to microbiological and histopathological examination. Results: A rare case of keratitis caused by co-infection of Candida albicans with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was identified. Results confirmed the inter-specific interaction of the two microorganisms. Conclusion: Cases of co-infection by Candida and Pseudomonas are not abundantly reported and difficult to treat. In this case, treatment involved Amphotercin-B and ciprofloxacin, effectively eradicated the infection. This therapy may be successfully implied for such cases of co-infection in future.

Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation of the Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin Against Gamma Ray-Induced Skin Damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Masoud Najafi ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
Mansoor Keshavarz ◽  
Alireza Shirazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Skin Damages ◽  
The Right

Background:Radiotherapy is one of the treatment methods for cancers using ionizing radiations. About 70% of cancer patients undergo radiotherapy. Radiation effect on the skin is one of the main complications of radiotherapy and dose limiting factor. To ameliorate this complication, we used melatonin as a radioprotective agent due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, free radical scavenging, improving overall survival after irradiation as well as minimizing the degree of DNA damage and frequency of chromosomal abrasions.Methods:Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control (C), melatonin (M), radiation (R) and melatonin + radiation (MR). A single dose of 30 Gy gamma radiation was exposed to the right hind legs of the rats while 40 mg/ml of melatonin was administered 30 minutes before irradiation and 2 mg/ml once daily in the afternoon for one month till the date of rat’s sacrifice. Five rats from each group were sacrificed 4, 12 and 20 weeks after irradiation. Afterwards, their exposed skin tissues were examined histologically and biochemically.Results:In biochemical analysis, we found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in R group and decreased significantly in M and MR groups after 4, 12, and 20 weeks, whereas catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased in the R group and increased in M and MR groups during the same time periods compared with the C group (p<0.05). Histopathological examination found there were statistically significant differences between R group compared with the C and M groups for the three different time periods (p<0.005, p<0.004 and p<0.004) respectively, while R group differed significantly with MR group (p<0.013). No significant differences were observed between C and M compared with MR group (p>0.05) at 4 and 20 weeks except for inflammation and hair follicle atrophy, while there were significant effects at 12 weeks (p<0.05).Conclusion:Melatonin can be successfully used for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced skin injury. We recommend the use of melatonin in optimal and safe doses. These doses should be administered over a long period of time for effective radioprotection and amelioration of skin damages as well as improving the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy.

COVID-19: how nuclear medicine can provide a differential diagnosis in very dubious case

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Silvia De Feo ◽  
Viviana Frantellizzi ◽  
Giuseppe De Vincentis
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Infectious Disease Department ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
99Mtc Hmpao

Background: We present the case of a 55-year-old woman, admitted to the Infectious Disease Department of Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, in mid-March 2020, with suspicion of COVID-19 infection. Objective: The rRT-PCR was negative and the following CT scan, performed to exclude false-negative results and help diagnosis, was inconclusive. Methods: It was decided to submit the patient to 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled leukocyte scan. Results: This exam led to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Conclusion: In the present pandemic scenario, 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled leukocyte scan represents a reliable imaging technique for differential diagnosis with COVID-19 in patients with confusing clinical signs, possible false-negative rRT-PCR results and inconclusive CT scan.

scholarly journals Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of a Solitary Metachronous Sphenoid Metastasis from Renal Cell Cancer: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Charles Marchand Crety ◽  
Estelle Vigneau ◽  
Camille Invernizzi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Cancer ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

Nasosinus metastases from kidney cancer are an unusual clinical presentation although some cases are reported in the literature. Among these cases, sphenoidal metastases are even rarer. Here we report a case of lone sphenoid metastasis in patients with papillary renal cell cancer. Eight months after radical nephrectomy, the patient presented with progressively worsening diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass in the right sphenoid sinus. Histopathological examination of the biopsy sample confirmed diagnosis of sinonasal metastasis from papillary renal cell carcinoma. The patient was declined for surgical management and received stereotactic body radiation therapy. Reassessment MRI at 4 months showed a complete response of the treated sphenoid lesion.

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