scholarly journals Calcitriol Treatment Attenuates Uric Acid-Induced Kidney Injury via Super Oxide Dismutase-1 (SOD-1) Upregulation and Fibrosis Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mansyur Romi ◽  
Nur Arfian ◽  
Wiwit Ananda Wahyu Setyaningsih ◽  
Rachma Greta Perdana Putri ◽  
Mohammad Juffrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase

scholarly journals Hyperuricemia: An Early Marker for Severity of Illness in Sepsis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana R. Akbar ◽  
Dustin M. Long ◽  
Kashif Hussain ◽  
Ahmad Alhajhusain ◽  
Umair S. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
End Point ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Medical Intensive Care

Background.Uric acid can acutely activate various inflammatory transcription factors. Since high levels of oxyradicals and lower antioxidant levels in septic patients are believed to result in multiorgan failure, uric acid levels could be used as a marker of oxidative stress and poor prognosis in patients with sepsis.Design.We conducted a prospective cohort study on Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) patients and hypothesized that elevated uric acid in patients with sepsis is predictive of greater morbidity. The primary end point was the correlation between hyperuricemia and the morbidity rate. Secondary end points were Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), mortality, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), and duration of stay.Results.We enrolled 144 patients. 54 (37.5%) had the primary end point of hyperuricemia. The overall morbidity rate was 85.2%. The probability of having hyperuricemia along with AKI was 68.5% and without AKI was 31.5%. Meanwhile the probability of having a uric acid value <7 mg/dL along with AKI was 18.9% and without AKI was 81.1% (pvalue < 0.0001).Conclusion.We report that elevated uric acid levels on arrival to the MICU in patients with sepsis are associated with poor prognosis. These patients are at an increased risk for AKI and ARDS.

scholarly journals Preoperative hemoglobin and uric acid levels as risk factors for acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Miodrag Golubovic ◽  
Andrej Preveden ◽  
Ranko Zdravkovic ◽  
Jelena Vidovic ◽  
Bojan Mihajlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Preoperative Hemoglobin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury Development

Introduction. Acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery is a common and significant postoperative complication. With a frequency of 9 - 39% according to different studies, it is the second most common cause of acute kidney injury in intensive care units, and an independent predictor of mortality. This study aimed to investigate the importance of preoperative hemoglobin and uric acid levels as risk factors for acute kidney injury in the postoperative period in cardiac surgery patients. Material and Methods. The study included a total of 118 patients who were divided into two groups. Each group included 59 patients; the fist group included patients who developed acute kidney injury and required renal replacement therapy, and the second included patients without acute kidney injury. Types of cardiac surgery included coronary, valvular, combined, aortic dissection, and others. All necessary data were collected from patient medical records and the electronic database. Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in preoperative hemoglobin levels (108.0 vs. 143.0 g/l, p = 0.0005); postoperative urea (26.4 vs. 5.8 mmol/l, p = 0.0005) and creatinine (371.0 vs. 95.0 ?mol/l, p = 0.0005), acute phase inflammatory reactants C-reactive protein (119.4 vs. 78.9 mg/l, p = 0.002) and procalcitonin (7.0 vs. 0.2 ng/ml, p = 0.0005), creatine kinase myocardial band isoenzyme (1045.0 vs. 647.0 mg/l, p = 0.014); duration of extracorporeal circulation (103.5 vs. 76.0 min, p = 0.0005) and ascending aortic clamp during cardiac surgery (89.0 vs. 67.0 min, p = 0.0005). The exception was the preoperative uric acid level, where there was no statistically significant difference (382.0 vs. 364.0 ?mol/l, p = 0.068). There was a statistically significant correlation between the use of inotropic agents and acute kidney injury development. Conclusion. There is a correlation between the preoperative low hemoglobin levels and postoperative acute kidney injury. There is no statistically significant correlation between the preoperative levels of uric acid and postoperative acute kidney injury.

Activation of the Nitric Oxide Pathway and Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Acute Kidney Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Parenica ◽  
Petr Kala ◽  
Alexandre Mebazaa ◽  
Simona Littnerova ◽  
Klara Benesova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Model

Background/Aims: The pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients remains poorly explored. The involvement of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway has been demonstrated in experimental ischemic AKI. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of circulating biomarkers of the NO pathway for AKI in STEMI patients. Methods: Four hundred and twenty-seven STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention were included. The primary end point was AKI. Biomarkers of the NO pathway (plasma superoxide dismutase [SOD], uric acid, nitrite/nitrate [NOx], neopterin) as well as cardiac biomarkers (B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP] and troponin) were sampled 12 h after admission. The predictive value of circulating biomarkers was evaluated in addition to the multivariate clinical model. Results: AKI developed in 8.9% of patients. The 3-month mortality was significantly higher in patients with AKI (34.2 vs. 4.1%; p < 0.001). SOD, uric acid, NOx, neopterin, BNP and troponin were significantly associated with the development of AKI (area under curve [AUC]-receiver operating curve [ROC] ranging between 0.70 and 0.81). In multivariate analysis cardiogenic shock, neopterin, NOx and troponin were independent predictors of AKI. AUC-ROC of the association of multibiomarkers and clinical model was 0.90 and outperformed the predictive value of the clinical model alone. OR of NOx ≥45 µmol/L was 8.0 (95% CI 3.1–20.6) for AKI. Conclusion: Biomarkers of the NO pathway are associated with the development of AKI in STEMI patients. These results provide insights into the pathophysiology of AKI and may serve at developing preventing strategies for AKI targeting this pathway.

scholarly journals Acute Uric Acid Nephropathy following Epileptic Seizures: Case Report and Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chinmay Patel ◽  
Caitlin P. Wilson ◽  
Naveed Ahmed ◽  
Yousef Hattab
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Serum Uric Acid Level ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Uric Acid Nephropathy ◽  
Acute Uric Acid Nephropathy

Acute hyperuricemia most commonly occurs in patients who experience tumor lysis syndrome. Hyperuricemia along with other electrolyte abnormalities like hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia leads to acute kidney injury (AKI) due to acute uric acid nephropathy which is associated with significant morbidity. High risk patients are thus closely monitored for signs of these laboratory abnormalities. Extreme exercise, rhabdomyolysis, and seizures are rare causes of acute hyperuricemia. Serum uric acid level is not routinely monitored as a part of postictal labs. We report an unusual case of AKI in a young male with recurrent seizures and no associated rhabdomyolysis who was found to have acute uric acid nephropathy. Timely administration of Rasburicase prevented the need for dialysis in this patient and led to complete renal recovery. This case illustrates the importance of doing a urine microscopy and checking uric acid level in patients with recurrent seizures who develop unexplainable AKI, as timely management helps improve outcome. We also briefly review the pathophysiology of seizure related hyperuricemia and acute uric acid nephropathy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Acetylcysteine on Renal Function in Experimental Models of Cyclophosphamide-and Ifosfamide-Induced Cystitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
Lukasz Dobrek ◽  
Klaudia Nalik-Iwaniak ◽  
Kinga Fic ◽  
Zbigniew Arent
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Urinary Ph ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1 ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Group 1

<b><i>Introduction</i></b>: Urotoxicity is a characteristic attribute of cy-clophosphamide and ifosfamide. Acetylcysteine is perceived as a uroprotective and possible nephroprotective compound. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of acetylcysteine treatment on the morphology of the kidneys and the urinary bladder, and renal function in rats with cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide. <b><i>Methods</i></b>: Cystitis was induced in rats belonging to groups 2 and 3, as well as 4 and 5, by five administrations of cyclophosphamide (75 mg/kg) or ifosfamide (80 mg/kg) respectively. Additionally, groups 3 and 5 received acetylcysteine (200 mg/kg). Group 1 was “sham treated” as a control. Upon conclusion of the experiment, the animals were euthanized and their kidneys and urinary bladders were collected for histopathological analysis. The assessment of renal function was based on classic nitrogen blood parameters (urea, creatinine, and uric acid), as well as proteinuria and cystatin C (CysC) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) urinary concentrations, and their 24-hour elimination with urine. <b><i>Results</i></b>: Reduction of blood urea nitrogen and uric acid, and urinary pH with a significant increase of CysC and KIM-1 urinary concentrations, and their 24-hour elimination with urine were observed in groups 2 and 4. The acetylcysteine treatment did not cause a significant change of blood parameters, but significantly decreased 24-hour elimination of CysC and KIM-1 with urine, and accounted for alleviation of the histopathological abnormalities of urinary bladders, with no significant effects on the structure of the kidneys. <b><i>Conclusions</i></b>: Acetylcysteine used in the experimental model of cyclophosphamide- and ifosfamide-induced cystitis had a uroprotective effect and also reduced renal dysfunction, which suggests its potential use as a nephroprotective compound in cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide therapy.

Uric Acid: A Novel Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury in High-Risk Cardiac Surgery Patients?

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ahsan Ejaz ◽  
Thomas M. Beaver ◽  
Michiko Shimada ◽  
Puneet Sood ◽  
Vijaykumar Lingegowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Kidney Injury

scholarly journals Ergosterol Alleviates Kidney Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ang ◽  
Liu Yuguang ◽  
Wang Liying ◽  
Zhang Shuying ◽  
Xu Liting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Diabetes Mice

Ergosterol (ERG) has been widely used in the development of novel drugs due to its unique physiological function. However, little is known about the protective effects of ERG on diabetes. Hence, the current study was designed to evaluate the positive role of ergosterol on streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes in mice. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out to assess blood glucose level. Biochemical parameters such as uric acid, creatinine, serum insulin, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were also measured. Pathological condition of kidney was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The expressions of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, NF-κBp65, p-NF-κBp65, IκBα, and p-IκBαwere analyzed by western blot. ERG significantly reduced the concentrations of blood glucose, uric acid, creatinine, TG, and TC. Serum insulin was elevated with ERG treatment. In addition, renal pathologic changes of diabetes mice were also alleviated by ERG. Obtained data revealed that ERG restored the levels of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling-related proteins in comparison with diabetes mice. Above all, it could be assumed that ERG might play a positive role in regulating STZ-induced diabetes through suppressing PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway.

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