Effect of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid compounds in Nigella sativa cell culture

Euphorbia cuneata Vahl. (Euphorbiaceae) is a plant used in folk medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammation, although the biological basis for these effects has not been thoroughly investigated. The goal of this study was to investigate the pharmacological properties and characterization of phenolic and flavonoid compounds present in the aerial parts of E. cuneata. E. cuneata aerial parts were tested for antioxidant activity (DPPH), antibacterial activity, cell viability and cytotoxic effects, and anti-inflammatory activity. Phenolic and flavonoid contents (HPLC), and volatile constituents (GC-MS) were also characterized. The methanol extract had the highest antioxidant activity, while the ether extract had the lowest. The antioxidant activity of E. cuneata extract increased from (21.11%) at a concentration of 10 µg/mL to (95.53%) at a concentration of 1280 µg/mL. S. aureus was the most sensitive organism with the highest zone of inhibition and lowest MIC, with acetone extract; whereas C. tropicalis was the most resistant, with the lowest inhibition zone. MTT assay revealed that the methanol extract of E. cuneata had significant cytotoxic effects on the A549, Caco-2, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively. Lower concentrations of methanolic extract gave anti-inflammatory activity, and those effects were compared with indomethacin as a positive control. Pyrogallol was the most abundant phenolic acid, followed by caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, syringic, and gallic acids, respectively. The 7-hydroxyflavone and rutin flavonoids were also found in the extract. GC-mass analysis showed that aerial parts of E. cuneata were rich in methyl 12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoate. The volatile components were also composed of considerable amounts of hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, (9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl chloride, and methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate as well as a little amount of hexanal dimethyl acetal. It can be concluded that methanolic extract of E. cuneata could be used as an available source of natural bioactive constituents with consequent health benefits.

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Chemical characterization of the species Raphanus sativus L. under different conditions of fertilization and water stress conditions

Acta Brasiliensis ◽

10.22571/2526-4338245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Amanda Lima Cunha ◽

Marília Layse Alves Costa ◽

Tereza Lucio Gomes Quirino Maranhão ◽

Mabel Alencar Do Nascimento Rocha ◽

Alex Teófilo Da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Water Stress ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Flavonoid Compounds ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Leaves And Roots ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds

This study quantifies phenolic and flavonoid compounds and evaluates the antioxidant activity by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, also identifying some secondary metabolites of R. sativus under organic fertilization and water stress. For this, a greenhouse experiment was carried out with the preparation of plant extracts (leaves and roots), quantification of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, analysis of antioxidant activity, and phytochemical screening. Different classes of secondary metabolites (catechins, steroids, saponins, among others) were identified. The DPPH method showed that the leaf extract has higher DPPH radical scavenging activity. The leaf extract had a high content of phenolic compounds, especially in treatments without water stress, either with organic fertilization (1925.59 mg GAE/g extract) or with mineral fertilization (2058.47 mg GAE/g extract). For root extracts, R. sativus developed under water stress and organic fertilization showed higher phenolic content (1383.24 mg GAE/g extract). Regarding flavonoid content, the root extract that showed the highest concentration corresponded to the treatment under water stress and without fertilization (82.1 mg QE/g extract). Therefore, radish was shown to be rich in bioactive compounds and with antioxidant potential in both its leaves and roots.

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Phenolic and flavonoid compounds in aqueous extracts of thunbergia laurifolia leaves and their effect on the toxicity of the carbamate insecticide methomyl to murine macrophage cells

Functional Foods in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/ffhd.v7i7.336 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 529 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marasri Junsi ◽

Sunisa Siripongvutikorn ◽

Chutha Takahashi Yupanqui ◽

Worapong Usawakesmanee

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Murine Macrophage ◽

Macrophage Cells ◽

Flavonoid Compounds ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid Compounds ◽

Thunbergia Laurifolia

Background: Thunbergia laurifolia is a Thai herb and has been used in Thai folklore medicine for centuries. Generally, Thais consume T. laurifolia as a herbal tea because of its beneficial properties as an antidote for chemical toxins, drug-, arsenic-, strychnine-, alcohol- and food-poisoning. However, its effectively against some insecticide compounds, e.g. methomyl, has not yet been determined.Objective: To examine the protective effect of aqueous extract from leaves of T. laurifolia on methomyl (MT) poisoning of murine macrophage cells (anti-MT effect) and to identify phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extract. Methods: T. laurifolia was extracted with water and stored in freeze-dried form. The extract was investigated for its antioxidant activity and some phenolic and flavonoid compounds were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). To study anti-MT effects in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells, these were treated with leaf extract either before (pre-treatment), concomitantly (combined) or after (post-treatment) exposure to MT and cell viability determined in an MTT test (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide).Results: The extract exhibited strong antioxidant properties based on total extractable phenolic content (TPC), total extractable flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity. The LC-MS analyses of phenolic compounds indicated the presence of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, catechin, rutin, isoquercetin, quercetin and apigenin as bioactive compounds. Viability of RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells treated with MT was increased significantly by post-treatment with leaf extract but not by combined or pre-treatments. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of T. laurifolia leaves contained abundant antioxidant activity. Flavonoids present were catechin, rutin, isoquercetin, quercetin and apigenin. The aqueous leaf extract was able to help cells recover from the effects of exposure to MT.Keywords: Thunbergia laurifolia, phenolics, flavonoids, methomyl, RAW264.7 murine macrophages, insecticide

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