scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF SISAL FIBERS BY INFRARED, UV-VIS DIFFUSE REFLECTANCE AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Laudenor AMORIM ◽  
Santino Loruan Silvestre DE MELO ◽  
Sérgio Luís Moura DE PAIVA JÚNIOR ◽  
Enio Pontes DE DEUS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Sisal Fibers ◽  
Scanning Electron

The development of more resistant and inexpensive materials were important for the emergence of composites, materials that are the result of the mixing of two or more distinct components with improved properties. Vegetable fibers reinforced polymer matrix composites help to reduce costs as well as to preserve product quality. Sisal fibers are important due to good impact resistance and availability. Thus, the characterization used infrared spectroscopy and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance. The main purpose was to adapt the methodology used, in order to improve fiber-matrix adhesion, but without risks of fiber defibrillation. Scanning electron microscopy was used to obtain the morphological characterization and the energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy to describe the elemental chemical composition of the fibers. Chemical treatments using NaOH 2% and acetylation with acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the ratio (1:1,5) were important to observe the main changes such as the removal of impurities and the smaller amount of water absorbed in the acetylated fiber, which allows a better adhesion of the fibers with a polymer. After this, the fibers can be used to the production of polypropylene and polyethylene composites that are expected to apply in automotive parts such as bumpers, fuel tanks and internal coatings.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of domatium development in Callicarpa saccata

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-532
Author(s):  
Emma Sarath ◽  
Kazune Ezaki ◽  
Takenori Sasaki ◽  
Yu Maekawa ◽  
Yuji Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Simple Leaf ◽  
Mesophyll Tissue ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Background and aims Domatia are plant structures within which organisms reside. Callicarpa saccata (Lamiaceae) is the sole myrmecophyte, or ‘ant plant’, that develops foliar (leaf-borne) myrmeco-domatia in this genus. In this work we examined domatium development in C. saccata to understand the developmental processes behind pouch-like domatia. Methods Scanning electron microscopy, sectioning and microcomputed tomography were carried out to compare the leaves of C. saccata with those of the closely related but domatia-less myrmecophyte Callicarpa subaequalis, both under cultivation without ants. Key results Callicarpa saccata domatia are formed as a result of excess cell proliferation at the blade/petiole junctions of leaf primordia. Blade/petiole junctions are important meristematic sites in simple leaf organogenesis. We also found that the mesophyll tissue of domatia does not clearly differentiate into palisade and spongy layers. Conclusions Rather than curling of the leaf margins, a perturbation of the normal functioning of the blade/petiole junction results in the formation of domatium tissue. Excess cell proliferation warps the shape of the blade and disturbs the development of the proximal–distal axis. This process leads to the generation of distinct structures that facilitate interaction between C. saccata and ants.

Study on the Electrical Arc Ablation Performance of Al2O3 Reinforced Cu-Matrix Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Gui Min Liu ◽  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Xiao Hui Zheng ◽  
Qing Song Yong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Molten Copper ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Electrical Arc ◽  
Anchoring Effect ◽  
Oxidation Technology ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Al2O3 particle reinforced Cu-based composites (Al2O3/Cu) were prepared by internal oxidation technology. The electrical arc ablation performance of Al2O3/Cu composite was compared with copper H62 through a series of ablation experiments. The results indicate that both the quality lost and ablation diameter of copper H62 samples are larger than those of Al2O3/Cu composites in condition of the same ablating current. The large ablation pits observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the arc ablation of copper H62 is concentrate and serious. The result of energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) shows that the molten copper alloy of H62 has been transferred and sprayed. However, the arc ablation pits of Al2O3/Cu composites are dispersing and slight. The transferring and spaying material of Al2O3/Cu composite is mainly from Cu-matrix. The anchoring effect and protection function of the uniformly dispersing Al2O3 grains, which are executed onto the Cu-matrix, has been considered to contribute to the excellent arc ablation performance of composite Al2O3/Cu.

Chemical Interaction of Phosphates MII2P4O12 with Melted MICl or MINO3 (MI – Li, Na, K; MII – Mg, Co, Ni, Zn)

2015 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana V. Livitska ◽  
Nataliya Yu. Strutynska ◽  
Igor V. Zatovsky ◽  
Nikolay S. Slobodyanik
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

The interaction in the systemsMII2P4O12-MICl (MINO3) (MI– Li, Na, K;MII– Mg, Co, Ni, Zn) was investigated in temperature range 1073-673 K. The conditions of formation phosphates: Li3PO4,MIMIIPO4(MI– Na, K), Na4MII3(PO4)2P2O7, Na9Co3(PO4)5have been established. Obtained crystalline phases have been investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, Diffuse reflectance, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbandingan Mol Awal Titanium dan Perak terhadap Sifat-Sifat Fisika-Kimia TiO2-tersensitifkan AgCl

2017 ◽  
pp. 106-115
Author(s):  
Isnaya Khamida Zulfah ◽  
Hari Sutrisno
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Comparison ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titanium dioksida (TiO2)merupakan semikonduktor yang memiliki fungsi sebagai fotokatalis, sel surya, anti bakteri, anti polutan, dan anti buram. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan aktifitas fungsional  TiO2dengan menggeser daerah aktifitas atau energi celah pita (Eg) dari sinar ultra violet (UV) ke daerah sinar tampak melalui penambahan zat pensensitif TiO2.Pada penelitian ini, perak klorida (AgCl) digunakan sebagai zat pensensitif TiO2. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi perbandingan mol awal [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O dengan AgNO3 terhadap sifat-sifat fisik TiO2 tersensitifkan AgCl (TiO2@AgCl) yang disintesis dengan metode pengendapan basah dalam suasana asam. Variasi perbandingan awal yang digunakan yaitu perbandingan mol [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O :mol AgNO3sebesar 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, dan 1:13yang dilarutkan dalam pelarut etanol (total pelarut 37.5 mL). Sampel padat TiO2@AgCl dihasilkan dengan metode pengendapan basah dalam kondisi asam melalui pengontrolan asam HNO3 pada pH~1. Sampel dihasilkan dari penguapan filtrat yang  bebas dari endapan AgCl, hingga volume yang didapat setengah dari volume awal. Sampel TiO2@AgCl dikarakterisasi dengan berbagai instrumen: Difraktometer Sinar-X (XRD),Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive X-Ray Analyzer (SEM-EDAX), dan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua sampel TiO2@AgCl berisi 1 fasa nanopartikel (nanokristalit) TiO2 dan 3 fasa kristal yaitu rutil, anatas, dan AgCl.TiO2@AgCl memiliki bentuk morfologi berupa mikrosferik dengan ukuran berkisar 0.5-1 μm. Berdasarkan hasil analisisdengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance menunjukkan semua sampel TiO2@AgCl mengabsorbsi sinar ultra violet (UV) dengan Eg sebesar 2.87-3.89 eV, dan sinar tampak dengan Eg sebesar 1.60-2.40 eV. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor that can be applied in the field of photocatalyst, solar cell, anti-bacterial, anti-pollutants, and anti-fogging. The functional activity of TiO2 can be increased by shifting the activity area from ultraviolet (UV) to visible through the addition of sensitizer. In this research, silver chloride (AgCl) was used as a sensitizer The objective of the research is to study the effect of the initial mole comparison of [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O and AgNO3on the physical properties of AgCl-sensitized TiO2(TiO2@AgCl). All TiO2@AgCl were synthesized using the wet chemical precipitation method under acidic conditions by the addition of a concentrated HNO3 with pH ~ 1. The initial comparison variation used was the mole ratio of [Ti8O12(H2O)24]8.Cl8.HCl.7H2O  : AgNO3 of 1: 9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, and 1:13. Each of these materials was dissolved in ethanol to 37.5 ml. All samples were produced from evaporation of filtrate free from AgCl precipitate, until the volume obtained half of the initial volume. The solid samples were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive X-Ray Analyzer (SEM-EDAX), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer Diffuse Reflectance.The results showed that all samples of TiO2@AgCl consisted of 1 phase of TiO2-nanoparticles and 3 phases of rutile, anatase and AgCl crystals. The morphology of TiO2@AgCl is microspheric with a size ranging from 0.5-1 μm. Based on the results of the analysis with the UV-Vis spectrophotometer Diffuse Reflectance showed that all samples of TiO2@AgCl absorb ultraviolet (UV) rays with bandgap (Eg) ranging from 2.87 to 3.89 eV, and the visible light with Eg ranges from 1.60 to 2.40 eV.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Ordered Meso-Pores on a Mesoporous Silica by using High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1912-1913
Author(s):  
Y Ohrai ◽  
T Sunaoshi ◽  
H Ito ◽  
T Ogashiwa ◽  
N Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Scanning Electron

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.

scholarly journals Chemical and morphological characterization of PM2.5 collected during MILAGRO campaign using scanning electron microscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladis Labrada-Delgado ◽  
Antonio Aragon-Pina ◽  
Arturo Campos-Ramos ◽  
Telma Castro-Romero ◽  
Omar Amador-Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Scanning Electron
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