scholarly journals Potassium Distribution in Surface Soils of Kust Teaching, Research and Commercial Farm, Gaya, Kano State

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Almu H. ◽  
Abdulkadir N.A. ◽  
Sani A. ◽  
Adamu U.K. ◽  
Aminu M.A.
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Commercial Farm ◽  
Teaching Research ◽  
Total Potassium ◽  
Different Soils

A study was conducted on the distribution of potassium in the surface soil of Kano University of Science and Technology teaching, research and commercial farm, Gaya during 2018/2019 session. The contents of different forms of potassium were observed. Water soluble, exchangeable, non-exchangeable, mineral and total potassium were determined in surface soil (0–15cm) in KUST teaching, research and commercial farm, Gaya. The results showed that the average values for water soluble K, exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K, mineral K and total K were: 0.14, 0.18, 0.35, 1.36 and 3.92 Cmol/Kg soil respectively. The values for K saturation percentage (KSP) ranged between 0.12–019 and exchangeable K between 0.13–0.20 Cmol/Kg clay. There was a wide variation in the values of various forms of K and among indices associated with mineral composition in different soils. The results show that the values of K form in most of the studied soils are quite low. Consequently, the supplying power of potassium in these soils is low and the need for potassium fertilizer is recommended.

Vertical distribution of forms of potassium in major soil series of Tamil Nadu

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Natarajan ◽  
A. Renukadevi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Total Potassium

Fifteen major soil series at the rate of three for each soil group, namely red non-calcareous, red calcareous, black calcareous, brown calcareous and alluvial soils, were studied for the vertical distribution of different forms of potassium. The total potassium content varied from 515-5513 ppm and generally increased with depth. It was positively related with clay, silt, CaCO3, CEC and total Ca. Non-exchangeable K ranged from 340-1326 ppm and did not exhibit any uniformity in its distribution in soil profiles. The exchangeable K varied from 45-684 ppm and was positively related to organic carbon. NH4OAc-K ranged from 15-298 ppm. Soil properties like clay, silt, CaCO3 and organic matter were positively related to available K. Water-soluble K varied from 2-33 ppm and was found to decrease with the depth of the soil profile. It was positively correlated with organic carbon and negatively related to clay plus silt. Studies on the relationship between the above forms of potassium indicate that, except for total K, the other forms were closely related, indicating the possibility of predicting one from the other.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Fractionation of Potassium in Soils from Some Refuse Dumpsites in Benin City Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
P. O. Oviasogie ◽  
D. Okoro ◽  
P. T. Ikyaahemba
Keyword(s):  
Size Fraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Potassium Dynamics

A study on potassium dynamics and fractionation was carried out in Benin City to determine the amount and distribution of k fraction in soil samples collected from different refuse dumpsites. The sand, silt and clay contents of the dumpsites soils varied from 83.3 to 95.3, 0.60 to 3.35 and 2.55 to 15.10%, respectively. Soils were dominantly sandy with textural classes varying from sand to loamy sand down at depth. The result revealed that the water-soluble k and Exchangeable k range from 163.8 to 643.4 mg/kg in surface soils and 271.1 to 319.8 mg/kg in sub-surface in Benin-Onitsha Bypass and Benin-Warri Bypass. The difficult exchangeable k content ranged from 93.6 to 483.6 mg/kg and 50.1 to 467.9 mg/kg .in the surface and sub-surface of the dumpsites; K content was highest in the subsurface soils than in surface soils due to high deposition of refuse from surface soils within the dumpsites. In general, distribution of K forms decreased in the order reserved K > fixed > water-soluble > Exchangeable K, Structural K > Diff. Exch. K as well as the mobility factor for each of the refuse dumpsite investigated. Similarly, the amount of the various forms of k extracted decreased as the soil pH decreased. The soil samples collected far away from the dumpsites have lower concentrations of k forms compared to those from the vicinity of the dumpsites. This shows that the waste dumps had higher concentration of elements, thereby interacting with the soil and enhance their dominance within the dumpsites. The particle size fraction of the refuse dump suggests the need for consideration of active soil portions for sustainable K management of the environment.

Water soluble nitrogen forms on two different soils as affected by biofertilization

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-600
Author(s):  
Ida Kincses ◽  
Tibor Filep ◽  
Péter Nagy ◽  
Andrea Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Different Soils

scholarly journals Different soil potassium fractions and their contribution towards its uptake under long-term rice-rice cropping system in an Inceptisol of subtropical eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Raghabananda Nayak ◽  
Kumbhakarna Rout ◽  
Mitali Mandal ◽  
Abhiram Dash
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Pot Culture

A pot culture experiment was conducted by taking soils from a long term fertilizer experimental field to evaluate the contribution of different K fractions towards rice biomass yield and potassium uptake in different long term fertilizer management practices. Twelve different soils were taken for pot culture and graded dose of potassium @ 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg K2O ha-1 was applied. Rice variety Lalat was grown as test crop. The forms of potassium were determined in the surface soil of 0-15 cm after maturity of crop. The result shows that water soluble form of K is the major contributor to biomass yield in soils taken from100% PK, 100% NPKZn, 100% NPKZnB,100% NPKZnS,100% NPK lime and control treated plots of the main field where as exchangeable K is dominant form of K in 100% NPK and 150% NPK. Ammonium acetate K contributes to yield in NPKFYM lime treatment. The nitric acid extractable K is a major contributor to yield in 100% NPKFYM,100% N or100% NP treatment. The water soluble form of K is the major source towards uptake in 150% NPK, NPKFYM lime ,100% NPKZnB, or control. Ammonium acetate K becomes the main source by applying 100% PK,100% NPK,100% NPKZn,100% NPKZnSor 100% NPKlime whereas exchangeable K becomes major contributor by100%N,or 100% NP application and 1 N HNO3 extractable K is the main source of K uptake in NPKFYM treatment. Therefore due importance of different form of potassium should be given in soil test value for better fertilizer management.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of soil nutrients under different land use systems in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Tahsina Sharmin Hoque ◽  
Shafia Afrin ◽  
Israt Jahan ◽  
Md. Joinul Abedin Mian ◽  
Mohammad Anwar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Land Use Systems

Soil depth can significantly influence the availability of nutrients in soil. An experiment was conducted with seven soil samples from seven land use types to observe the effect of soil depth on soil properties under various land use systems. Soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, available phosphorus (P), available sulphur (S) and different forms of potassium (K) such as water soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable were determined from the soil samples collected from four soil depths (viz. 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm). Soil pH varied from 6.30-7.39 irrespective of depths and land uses and it increased with increasing soil depth. Electrical conductivity of the soils ranged from 42-310 µS cm-1 and organic matter status of most of the soils was very low to medium in level. Both EC and organic matter content decreased with the increase of soil depth. Available P concentration showed no specific changing trend with soil depth whereas available S concentration under different land use systems decreased with increasing soil depth. The concentrations of water soluble, exchangeable and non-exchangeable K in soils varied from 12.30-39.60, 20.90-53.16 and 163.30-684.30 mg kg-1, respectively and showed no specific changing pattern with soil depth. Water soluble K content was higher in rice growing fertilizer and manure-treated soil but higher exchangeable and non-exchangeable K contents were observed in banana growing soil. In rice growing soils, nutrient concentration is mostly higher in nitrogen (N), P and K + farm yard manure (FYM) - treated plots compared to rice growing control plots.

scholarly journals About salt fractionation in the process of terrigenous aerosol generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Savenko ◽  
V. S. Savenko
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Salt Fractionation

The content of water-soluble salts in samples of surface soils from arid regions and separated from them fraction <0.1 mm was analyzed. Existence of salt fractionation in the aleurite was shown. The fractionation coefficients, defined as the ratio of ions concentrations in the water extracts from fraction <0.1 mm and soil as a whole, are arranged in the successions: Na > K > Mg > Ca and SO4 > HCO3 > Cl. It was found that the fractionation of salts depends on their solubility: than solubility below, that enrichment of soils fine fraction is more.

The forms of potassium and potassium adsorption in some virgin soils from south-western Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pal ◽  
R. J. Gilkes ◽  
M. T. F. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern District

This investigation was undertaken to determine the potassium (K) status and adsorption behaviour of 227 samples from horizons of 41 representative virgin soil profiles, extending from Geraldton in the north to the Great Southern district of Western Australia. X-ray diffraction analysis of random powder of whole soil indicated that quartz is the dominant mineral and some soils contain significant amounts of feldspars. Clay mineralogy is dominated by kaolinite but minor quantities of illite are present in some soils. Most south-west Australian agricultural soils contain little available K: NaHCO3-extractable K (NaHCO3-K, median value 0·09 cmol K/kg, equivalent to 35 mg K/kg soil), HNO3-extractable K (HNO3-K, median value 0·30 cmol K/kg, equivalent to 117 mg K/kg soil), and total K (XRF determined K, median value, 17 cmol K/kg, equivalent to 6630 mg K/kg soil). The proportion of water-soluble K (H2O-K) ranges from 0 to 3·5% of total K, 0 to 76% of HNO3-K, and 0 to nearly 100% of exchangeable K. Exchangeable K ranges from 0 to 100% (median value 37%) of HNO3-K. These are relatively high proportions of H2O-K and exchangeable K compared with soils from many other parts of the world. The amounts of all forms of K variously increase or decrease downwards in the soil profile depending on both clay content and mineralogy. The commonly assumed increase in K with clay content alone is invalid. The soils mostly have low-to-moderate values of K sorption capacity, ranging from 5% to 67% (median value 14%) of added K (initially 4·1 mM K/L, equivalent to 4·1 cmol K/kg). otassium sorption isotherms conform well to the Freundlich equation. The inability of the Langmuir equation to describe the data may indicate that there are several types of K sorption sites in these soils. The Gapon coefficient KG varied widely from 0·04 to 29·8 (L/mol) ½ [median value 5·4 (L/mol) ½ ].

scholarly journals Properties, processes and regimes of soil solutions and surface waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 12022
Author(s):  
Guriyat Podvolotskaya ◽  
Sergey Belopukhov ◽  
Vitaly Savich ◽  
Andrey Sorokin ◽  
Nikolay Tyutrin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pair Correlation ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Different Soils

Soil solutions and the surface waters are characterized by properties, processes and regimes. Soil solutions of different soils and their surface water have different biological activity and change the activity of dissolved stimulants and inhibitors. The object of the study are soil solutions of the main types of soils obtained in the model experiments with the ratio of soils: water equal to 1:1 and 1: 2, soil solutions and surface water in the flooding of soils with water for 1 week – 3 months. The research method consisted in the assessment of pH, Eh, activity of K, NO3, NH4, Ca, Mg by conventional methods, assessment of concentrations of water-soluble compounds extracted from soils by ionite membranes, in the assessment of biological activity of solutions using biotests. The following is suggested for additional evaluation: the using of cation and anion membranes, determination of interrelation between the properties of waters, equation of pair correlation and multiply regression. The informative value of the gradient of surface water concentrations at different distances from the floor of the reservoir, at different depths of the overwatered soils is shown. The mobility of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn in soils and the content of their water-soluble forms depends on both pH and Eh, whose influence on the content of water-soluble forms of the considered cations shows the effects of synergy and antagonism. The rate of change in the composition of soil solutions during soil flooding depends on a combination of soil properties, temperature, and duration of flooding. Soil solutions of different soils and their surface waters have differentrates.

The availability of potassium in some Tasmanian soils. I. The variability of soil potassium in the field and its fractionation

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
AM Graley ◽  
KD Nicholls ◽  
CS Piper
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Exchangeable Fraction ◽  
Total Potassium

The potassium status of Frodsley sandy loam and some associated soils from the Fingal district, north-eastern Tasmania, has been investigated. Regularly spaced sampling of surface soils on a rectilinear grid pattern disclosed a variability of exchangeable potassium values in the field much greater than recorded for soils elsewhere; even for 3-ft spacings there was a sevenfold range. The need for adequate sampling of experimental areas is stressed. The median value for exchangeable potassium in the A1 horizon of Frodsley sandy loam was 0.31 m-equiv./100 g for "developed" areas and 0.35 m-equiv./100 g for "undeveloped" areas. Values for the A2 horizon were closely correlated with those for the corresponding surface horizon, but only about one-third as high. The amounts in the B horizon tended to approximate to those in the A1 horizon except for soils with high values in the surface. The potassium-supplying capacity of the soils was assessed by fractionation of the potassium into water-soluble, exchangeable, difficultly exchangeable, hydrochloric acid-soluble, and total potassium. In Frodsley sandy loam approximately 35 per cent. of the exchangeable potassium appeared in the water-soluble form, which suggested that there may be moderate losses from this soil by leaching. Ten minutes' boiling with normal nitric acid released only about 90 per cent. more potassium than was present in the exchangeable fraction. Boiling normal nitric acid extracted much less potassium from some samples of this soil type than did cold normal ammonium chloride from others, because of the great variability of exchangeable potassium. Concentrated hydrochloric acid dissolved a further 0.60.7 m-equiv./100 g on the average. These low values for the two latter fractions are taken to indicate the poverty of this soil type in reserves of potassium and, with the relatively low values for the exchangeable fraction, explain the widespread responses to potassium reported in field experiments. Examination of the minerals of the clay fraction of Frodsley sandy loam supported the chemical data in regard to the poor potassium status of these soils. Separation of sand, silt, and clay from the B horizons of two profiles showed that much of the total potassium was present in the coarser fractions of the soil. Type A, a soil associated with Frodsley sandy loam on river terraces, had a similar potassium status. Soils formed on dolerite were significantly higher in all categories of potassium.

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