Morphological and Morphometric study of Jugular Foramen in human dry skull of Eastern Indian origin: An Anatomical Investigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 3829-3832
Author(s):  
Pratima Baisakh ◽  
Lopamudra Nayak ◽  
Sujita Pradhan ◽  
Saurjya Ranjan Das ◽  
Sitansu Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Jugular Fossa ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: Jugular foramen (JF) is one of the complex foramen present in base of skull. It varies in shape and size from side to side in same cranium, in different cranium and in different races. It is associated with many diseases of posterior cranial fossa and many skull base surgeries are being carried out by drilling the skull bone around JF for better exposure. Aim and objectives: The present study aims to carry out the morphological and morphometric analysis of jugular foramen of skulls of eastern Indian origin. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 100 JF of 50 dried human skulls. Anteroposterior(width), medio-lateral diameter(length) of JF, width and depth of the jugular fossa were measured. Mean and standard deviation of different measurements of left and right side were statistically analysed by student’s t-test. Presence of dome and septum were also studied. Results: The mean of all the measurements are more on right side than left side but it is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Bony septum was found in 76% cases on left side and 60% on right side. Complete septation wasn’t found in our study. Domed roof was present in 66% cases on right side as compared to 52% on left side. Conclusion: Shape and size of JF may vary due to different size of internal jugular vein and it’s superior bulb. These variations can be due to constitutional, racial or genetic. This anatomical knowledge of JF may help the neurosurgeons, ENT surgeons and radiologists during their clinical exploration.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Jugular Foramen and Jugular Fossa of Dried Adult Human Skulls and Its Clinical Significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Govindarajan Amudha ◽  
Chandrasekaran Nandhini Aishwarya ◽  
Deborah Joy Hepzibah ◽  
Vaujapuri Anandhavadivel Kesavan ◽  
Anaimalai Kandavadivelu Manicka Vasuki
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Jugular Fossa ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction Jugular foramen is one of the most fascinating foramina of the human skull. It is a complex, irregular bony canal located between the occipital bone and petrous part of the temporal bone. Many important structures, like 9th, 10th, 11th cranial nerves, meningeal branch of occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries, internal jugular vein, and inferior petrosal sinus, are passing through it. The jugular fossa has a septum and a dome. The septum divides the foramen into two compartments: anteromedial compartment (pars nervosa) and posterolateral compartment (pars vascularis). The dome contains superior bulb of internal jugular vein. The architecture of the foramen varies in size, shape, and laterality besides differences related to sex and race. The morphometric measurements of jugular foramen are very important for neurosurgeries and head and neck surgeries. Objectives The aim of the present study is to study the morphology of jugular foramen along with its dimensions, compartments, presence of partial or complete septa and dome. Materials and Methods A total number of 60 jugular foramina were examined from 30 adult dry human skulls of unknown age and sex from the Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore. Measurements were taken using Digital Vernier calipers. Results were analyzed statistically. Results The length, width, and surface area of jugular foramen of right side were measured and compared with the left side. Length and width of the jugular foramen was significantly higher on the right side. The presence of partial septum was found in 27 skulls (90%) on the right side and 29 skulls (99.7%) on the left side, respectively. Dome was present in 100% of the jugular foramina on the right side and 90% of the jugular foramina on the left side. Separate opening for inferior petrosal sinus was found in eight skulls (27%) on the right side and four skulls (13%) on the left side. Conclusion This study provides a clear understanding of anatomy of jugular foramen and supports the reported morphometric variations. The morphometric variations of jugular foramen in the parameters of the skull are probably due to ethnic and racial factors. Knowledge of these variations is important for neurosurgeons and radiologists who deal with space occupying lesions of the structures surrounding jugular foramen. This study may be helpful for ENT surgeons while performing middle ear surgeries.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE JUGULAR FORAMEN IN DRY NIGERIAN SKULLS. Estudio morfométrico del foramen yugular en cráneos nigerianos secos

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Ukoha U Ukoha ◽  
Chijioke M Okeke ◽  
Chinwe Ukoha ◽  
Izuchukwu F Obazie ◽  
Henry C Nwankwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Jugular Fossa ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lateral Diameter

Jugular foramen is a hiatus in the posterior cranial fossa that transmits the internal jugular vein among other structures. The knowledge of the jugular foramen is important in neurosurgical procedures. The objective of the study was to characterize the morphology and the dimensions of jugular foramen in dry Nigerian skulls. One hundred and seventy jugular foramens from 85 dry adult skulls of unknown sex were studied. Morphology was studied by observation and measurements were taken with Venier caliper. The parameters that were studied included the shape, septation, medio-lateral diameter, antero-posterior diameter of jugular foramen, and the dome, width and depth of jugular fossa. Oval shaped foramen (77%) was more prevalent than round shaped foramen (23%). Complete septation was found in 19.4% of skulls, while incomplete septation was found in 41.2% of skulls. Absence of septation was found in 39,4% of skulls. Dome over the jugular fossa was present in 67,6% and absent in 32,4% of the skulls. The antero-posterior diameter (right - 13,20mm±2.8, left - 11,72±2.8) and medio-lateral diameter (right – 18.73mm±3.5, left – 17,33mm±3.1) were significantly higher on the right side than on the left side. The depth of jugular fossa was significantly higher on the right side (12.38mm±2.4) than on the left side (10.95mm±2.8). The width of jugular fossa was higher on the right (12.06mm±3.6) than on the left (11.80mm±3.3) but the difference was not significant. The present study demonstrated right sided dominance in the metric parameters of the jugular foramen in our environment. El foramen yugular es un hiato en la fosa craneal posterior que transmite la vena yugular interna entre otras estructuras. El conocimiento del foramen yugular es importante en procedimientos neuro-quirúrgicos. El objetivo del estudio era caracterizar la morfología y las dimensiones del foramen yugular en cráneos nige-rianos secos. Cientos y setenta forámenes yugulares a partir de 85 cráneos secos del adulto de sexo desconocido fueron estudiados. La morfología fue estudiada por la observación y las medidas fueron tomadas con el calibrador de Vernier. Los parámetros que fueron estudiados incluyeron la forma, la tabicación, el diámetro medio-lateral, el diámetro anteroposterior del foramen yugular, y la bóveda, la anchura y la profundidad de la fosa yugular. El agujero de forma oval (el 77%) era más frecuente que el agujero de forma redonda (23%). La tabicación completa fue encontrada en 19,4% de cráneos, mientras que la tabicación incompleta fue encontrada en 41,2% de cráneos. La ausencia de tabicación fue encontrada en 39,4% de cráneos. La bóveda sobre la fosa yugular estaba presente en 67,6% y ausente en 32,4% de los cráneos. El diámetro anteroposterior (derecho: 13,20 mm±2,8, izquierdo: 11,72±2,8) y el diámetro medio-lateral (derecho: 18,73mm ±3,5, izquierdo: 17,33mm±3,1) eran perceptiblemente más altos en el derecho que en el lado izquierdo. La profundidad de la fosa yugular era perceptiblemente más alta en el derecho (12,38mm±2,4) que en el lado izquierdo (10,95mm±2,8). La anchura de la fosa yugular era más alta en la derecha (12,06mm±3,6) que a la izquierda (11,80mm±3,3) pero la diferencia no era significativa. El actual estudio demostró la dominación del lado derecho en los parámetros métricos del foramen yugular en nuestro medio.

scholarly journals The nasal index in brazilian human skeletons

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Chaves Cardoso Fernandes ◽  
Marcus Vitor Diniz de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Daruge Júnior ◽  
Luiz Francesquini Júnior ◽  
Patrícia Moreira Rabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Student’S T Test

Aim: To investigate the percentage of correctness (PC) of the Nasal Index (NI) in human skeletons for determination of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in the Brazilian population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 173 human skulls belonging to the Piracicaba Dental School. 93 skeletons were males and 80 females; 34 were aged up to 39 years, 56 between 40 and 59 years, and 83 60 years or older; 96 were from white individuals, 49 were from mixed-race and 28 from black individuals. High-precision digital caliper was used to measure nasal height (NH=ANS-nasion) and the maximum nasal width (NW) values, which were applied into the formula NI=NW/NHx100. The data were submitted to discriminant analysis and Student’s t test with equal variances, Mann-Whitney, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis, 5% significance level. Results: Dominant nasal type in the Brazilian population was the mesorine. Males showed nasal height and width values greater than those of females, with statistically significant differences in all measurements (p≤0.021) and PC of 76.6%. Similar nasal measurements were found regardless of age (p>0.05), with PC of 41.7%. Ancestral analysis revealed that black individuals have greater nasal width (26.35) and nasal index (53.67) than white ones (24.60 and 49.25), while mixed-race individuals showed intermediate values (25.36 and 52.13) (p<0.05). Nevertheless, these measurements presented an estimated PC of 54.3%. Conclusion: The Nasal Index can be better used for sex determination than for estimation of age and ancestry in the Brazilian population, as the latter showed intermediate and low percentage of correctness, respectively.

scholarly journals Morphometric study of jugular foramen in Tamil Nadu region

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 071-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Vijisha ◽  
Arun Kumar Bilodi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Base Of The Skull ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Metric Information

Abstract Background and aims: Jugular foramen is an important foramen transmiting a number of structures at the base of the skull. Various tumours and infiltrating inflammatory processes are associated with this foramen. Hence, present study was taken up to study morphometry of the jugular foramen in human skulls in Tamil Nadu region. Material and methods: A total number of 60 jugular foramina were examined from 30 adult dry skulls of unknown age and sex. Measurements were taken using Vernier Calipers. Results were analysed statistically. Results: The length, width and area of jugular foramen of right side were compared with left side. Predominance of one of the two foramina was found in 86.6% (26): Predominance on right was 76.6% (23) and on left was 10% (3).The presence of partial septum was found around 73.3% on right side and 80% on left side respectively. Dome was present only 26.6% on right side and 3.33% on left side but in 70% of skulls it was present bilaterally. Conclusion: The morphometric variations in the skulls of Tamil Nadu region are probably ethnic and racial. The metric information is of use to the neurosurgeons dealing with the region.

Effect of an Intraoral Retrusion Plate on Maxillary Arch Dimensions in Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara C. M. Oosterkamp ◽  
Robert P. van Oort ◽  
Pieter U. Dijkstra ◽  
Kees Stellingsma ◽  
Michiel W. J. Bierman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Dependent Observations ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Maxillary Arch ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze maxillary arch dimensions in patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate treated with an intraoral retrusion plate prior to lip closure. Patients The effects of the intraoral retrusion plate were evaluated on serially obtained maxillary casts of 14 patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Results The Student's t test for dependent observations showed a significant decrease in distance between the premaxilla and the cleft lateral segments during active treatment. This decrease correlated with an increase in deviation of the premaxilla in relation to the vomer. For each millimeter decrease in distance between the premaxilla and the cleft lateral segments, an average increase in deviation of 4.0 degrees was found. Left and right cleft widths decreased significantly, premaxillary width increased significantly, and transverse dimensions did not change significantly. Conclusion From this study it can be concluded that active presurgical treatment with an intraoral retrusion plate induces a significant decrease in distance between the premaxilla and the lateral segments. This decrease is frequently accompanied by an increase in deviation of the premaxilla relative to the vomer.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the visualization of small files using digital and conventional radiography

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Regina Boarin Pace ◽  
Sandra Márcia Habitante
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Digital System ◽  
T Test ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The present work was designed to carry out a comparative analysis of the visualization of small files using digital and conventional radiographs. Forty maxillary molars inserted in human skulls were used; Maillefer K-files #06, #08, #10 and #15 were inserted in the mesiobuccal canals and measured at 0.5mm beyond and 1.5mm before the tip with 0.5-mm intervals, in order to allow five professionals to observe whether the files were at the limit, before or beyond the foramen when visualized on conventional radiographs taken on Insight Kodak film (Eastman Kodak, Rochester, NY, USA) and with the RVG digital system (Trophy). Based on the results obtained, the conclusions were: with the two systems it was possible to visualize #06 K-files in nearly 60% of the evaluated cases; for the others, #08, #10 and #15 K-files, visualization was higher with both radiographic systems, achieving 82% of correct visualization for #15 K-files with the conventional system. The differences between the results of the two systems studied - conventional (Insight film, Kodak F-speed) and last generation digital (RVG - Trophy) radiographs - were not statistically significant according to the Student's t test.

scholarly journals Altered mandibular growth under functional posterior displacement in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arcelino Farias-Neto ◽  
Ana Paula Varela Brown Martins ◽  
Sidney Raimundo Figueroba ◽  
Francisco Carlos Groppo ◽  
Solange Maria de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Intercondylar Distance ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Ramus Height ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Objective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in mandibular growth between growing rats with posterior functional mandibular displacement and growing rats without functional mandibular displacement. Materials and Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats (5 weeks old) were randomized into two groups: (1) control and (2) mandible posterior displacement in the occluded condition induced by an occlusal guiding appliance. After 8 weeks all animals were sacrificed, cone beam computed tomography scan images of the heads were taken using the classic I-CAT, and acrylic rapid-prototyped templates of the mandibles were constructed. Mandibular length, ramus height, and intercondylar distance were measured. Mandibular length and ramus height were submitted to the two-way analysis of variance, while intercondylar distance was analyzed by nonpaired Student's t-test. Results: Mandibular length was bigger (P &lt; .0001) in the control than in the experimental group, but no significant difference was found between the left and right sides (P  =  .9380). No significant differences were observed for ramus height and intercondylar distance. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that functional posterior displacement of the mandible in growing rats resulted in shorter mandibular length.

scholarly journals Craniotopographic characteristics of the distances between the foramina of the middle cranial fossa taking into account the human craniotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570
Author(s):  
I. V. Chekanova ◽  
O. Yu. Vovk ◽  
V. B. Ikramov ◽  
S. O. Dubina
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Middle Cranial Fossa ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Average Size

Annotation. It is known that within the middle cranial fossa there are rotundum, ovale and spinosum foramina through which important vessels and nerves pass. That is why it is important for surgeons not to damage them during surgery. The aim of the work was to establish the craniotopographic characteristics of the distances between the foramens of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person depending on the extreme types of skull structure. The morphometric study was performed on 50 CT scans of the adult human head using the anatomical imaging system Anatomage table, with the installed program Launching Table 6.0 Application and 50 bone preparations of the skull of adults in standard craniological methods using a common set of measuring instruments. In our study, craniometry was performed between the rotundum, ovale and spinosum foramina of the middle cranial fossa. Statistical processing of the obtained digital material was performed by the variation-statistical method with the determination of the Mann-Whitney criterion (p<0.05). The performed morphometry showed there is a slight asymmetry of the distances between the foramens of the left and right parts of the middle cranial fossa. The study also showed that there is no significant difference in the average size between the foramens in the left and right halves of the middle cranial fossa depending on the extreme types of skull. The length between the foramina of the same name (rotundum, ovale and spinosum) is characterized by a gradual increase in parameters from dolichocranes to brachycranes, combined with an increase in latitudinal size in brachycranes, average values in mesocranes and a decrease in transverse parameters in dolichocranes. The obtained results complement the existing information on craniotopographic and craniometric features of the middle cranial fossa and can be the basis for further research.

scholarly journals Condylar Asymmetry in Bilateral Posterior Crossbite Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kiki ◽  
Nihat Kılıç ◽  
Hüsamettin Oktay
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Objective: To investigate whether patients with bilateral posterior crossbite have asymmetrically developed condyles. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 75 patients with bilateral posterior crossbite, and a control group of 75 subjects with normal occlusion. Condylar, ramal, and condylar plus ramal asymmetry values were computed for all of the subjects on orthopantomograms. Data were analyzed statistically by means of paired t-test and Student's t-test. Results: The patients with bilateral posterior crossbite had more asymmetrical condyles relative to the controls. However, there were no statistically significant differences in condylar, ramal, or condylar plus ramal heights between left and right sides in both the control and crossbite groups. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral posterior crossbite can have asymmetrical condyles and might be at risk for the development of future skeletal mandibular asymmetries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document