Evaluation of Sertraline as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticataract

2021 ◽  
pp. 6413-6416
Author(s):  
Pandurang M. Gaikwad ◽  
Vikram V. Nimbalkar ◽  
Priyanka K. Sabale ◽  
Ganesh D. Barkade
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
Progressive Disorder

Sertraline can also protect against environmental causes of free radicals such as smoking. Cigarette tar is a source of free radicals which has been found to damage erythrocyte membranes. It was also found that Sertraline and its conjugate metabolites could protect erythrocytes from the membranous damage that is caused by smoking. The ability of Sertraline is claimed to exert many beneficial effects on health, including protection against various diseases such as osteoporosis, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The studies showed that there has been a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease in subjects, who had a high intake of flavonoids. Progressive disorder of the lung parenchyma and airways or also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which happens to be the third-leading cause of death in the USA. Therapies thus far for COPD, unfortunately, is said to be partially effective with possibilities of side effects.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in CKD Patients: Lessons from 553 CKD Patients with Biopsy-Proven Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juan León Román ◽  
Clara García-Carro ◽  
Irene Agraz ◽  
Nestor Toapanta ◽  
Ander Vergara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Biopsy ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients infected with COVID-19 are at risk of serious complications such as hospitalization and death. The prognosis and lethality of COVID-19 infection in patients with established kidney disease has not been widely studied. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data included patients who underwent kidney biopsy at the Vall d’Hebron Hospital between January 2013 and February 2020 with COVID-19 diagnosis during the period from March 1 to May 15, 2020. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirty-nine (7%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. Mean age was 63 ± 15 years and 48.7% were male. Hypertension was present in 79.5%, CKD without renal replacement therapy in 76.9%, and cardiovascular disease in 64.1%. Nasopharyngeal swab was performed in 26 patients; older (<i>p</i> = 0.01), hypertensive (<i>p</i> = 0.005), and immunosuppressed (<i>p</i> = 0.01) patients, those using RAS-blocking drugs (<i>p</i> = 0.04), and those with gastrointestinal symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.02) were more likely to be tested for CO­VID-19. Twenty-two patients required hospitalization and 15.4% died. In bivariate analysis, mortality was associated with older age (<i>p</i> = 0.03), cardiovascular disease (<i>p</i> = 0.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<i>p</i> = 0.05), and low hemoglobin levels (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Adjusted Cox regression showed that low hemoglobin levels at admission had 1.81 greater risk of mortality. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Patients with CO­VID-19 infection and kidney disease confirmed by kidney biopsy presented a mortality of 15.4%. Swab test for COVID-19 was more likely to be performed in older, hypertensive, and immunosuppressed patients, those using RAS-blocking drugs, and those with gastrointestinal symptoms. Low hemoglobin is a risk factor for mortality.

scholarly journals Determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults with chronic diseases in the USA: an analysis of the nationally representative COVID-19 impact survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e044600
Author(s):  
Jessica Y. Islam ◽  
Denise C. Vidot ◽  
Marlene Camacho-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative

BackgroundPreventive behaviours have been recommended to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Adults with chronic diseases (CDs) are at higher risk of COVID-19-related mortality compared to the general population. Our objective was to evaluate adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults without CDs compared with those with CDs and identify determinants of non-adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours.Study designCross-sectional.Setting and participantsWe used data from the nationally representative COVID-19 Impact Survey (n=10 760) conducted in the USA.Primary measuresAdults with CDs were categorised based on a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease/heart attack/stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis or emphysema, cystic fibrosis, liver disease, compromised immune system, or cancer (54%).ResultsCompared with adults without CDs, adults with CDs were more likely to adhere to preventive behaviours including wearing a face mask (χ2-p<0.001), social distancing (χ2-p<0.001), washing or sanitising hands (χ2-p<0.001), and avoiding some or all restaurants (χ2-p=0.002) and public or crowded places (χ2-p=0.001). Adults with a high school degree or below [Adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR):1.82, 95% Confidence interval (CI)1.04 to 3.17], household income <US$50 000 (aPR:2.03, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.72), uninsured (aPR:1.65, 95% CI1.09 to 2.52), employed (aPR:1.48, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.17), residing in rural areas (aPR:1.70, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.85) and without any CD (aPR:1.78, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.55) were more likely to not adhere to COVID-19 preventive behaviours.ConclusionAdults with CDs are more likely to adhere to recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviours. Public health messaging targeting specific demographic groups and geographic areas, such as adults without CD or adults living in rural areas, should be prioritised.

scholarly journals Protease-Specific Biomarkers to Analyse Protease Inhibitors for Emphysema Associated with Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency. An Overview of Current Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
Simona Viglio ◽  
Elisabeth G. Bak ◽  
Iris G. M. Schouten ◽  
Paolo Iadarola ◽  
Jan Stolk
Keyword(s):  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Augmentation Therapy ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Alpha1 Antitrypsin

As a known genetic cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) can cause severe respiratory problems at a relatively young age. These problems are caused by decreased or absent levels of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), an antiprotease which is primarily functional in the respiratory system. If the levels of AAT fall below the protective threshold of 11 µM, the neutrophil-derived serine proteases neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3), which are targets of AAT, are not sufficiently inhibited, resulting in excessive degradation of the lung parenchyma, increased inflammation, and increased susceptibility to infections. Because other therapies are still in the early phases of development, the only therapy currently available for AATD is AAT augmentation therapy. The controversy surrounding AAT augmentation therapy concerns its efficiency, as protection of lung function decline is not demonstrated, despite the treatment’s proven significant effect on lung density change in the long term. In this review article, novel biomarkers of NE and PR3 activity and their use to assess the efficacy of AAT augmentation therapy are discussed. Furthermore, a series of seven synthetic NE and PR3 inhibitors that can be used to evaluate the specificity of the novel biomarkers, and with potential as new drugs, are discussed.

Association between E-cigarette use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-asthmatic adults in the USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfred O Antwi ◽  
Darson L Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Concern about the health impacts of e-cigarette use is growing; however, limited research exists regarding potential long-term health effects of this behavior. This study explored the relationship between e-cigarette use and COPD in a sample of US adults. Methods A secondary data analysis using data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey in the USA was computed to examine associations between e-cigarette use and COPD controlling for conventional cigarette smoking status, past month leisure physical activity and demographic characteristics including age, sex, education, race, marital status and body mass index. Results Significant associations between e-cigarette use and COPD among former combustible cigarette smokers and those who reported never using combustible cigarettes were found. Compared with never e-cigarette users, the odds of having COPD were significantly greater for daily e-cigarette users (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.11–2.03), occasional users (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.13–1.80) and former users (OR = 1.46 95% CI: 1.28–1.67). Conclusions Findings from this study indicate a potential link between e-cigarette use and COPD. Further research to explore the potential effects of e-cigarette on COPD is recommended.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HAREETAKYADI YOGA IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE – PRE TEST-POST TEST DESIGN

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Aswathy M ◽  
Radhakrishnan VN ◽  
Jithesh M
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Narrowing ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Stage 1

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing, which is progressive and is not fully reversible. COPD includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Symptoms of COPD are well explained in Ayurveda in the context of Kasa and Swasa among which chronic bronchitis can be better correlated to Vataja and Kaphaja kasa and emphysema to Tamaka swasa. COPD is characterized by mucous hyper secretion, airway narrowing, fibrosis and destruction of lung parenchyma. Even though the existing conventional management is excellent, Ayurveda provides additional benefits such as improvement in quality of life. The study drug Hareetakyadi yoga is mentioned in Prakarana of kasa in Chikitsa manjari. The objective of the study was to evaluate the Effect of Hareetakyadi yoga in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The Study includes 10 subjects of age group 40-70 years of both gender, diagnosed clinically and as per investigations satisfying COPD, stage 1 & 2 as per GOLD criteria of spirometry attending department of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurveda College, Thiruvananthapuram. A protocol from Deepana to Virechana were done as preparatory phase before administering drug. Hareetakyadi yoga having the properties of Kapha vata hara, Agni deepana and Rasayana property seems to be effective in the management of this disease.

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