Nimesulide – A Drug to be Banned completely

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
C. Muralikrishna Goud ◽  
Syeda Mariya Ghazanfar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
High Court ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pediatric Use

The Aim of present work is to report Nimesulide a Nonsteroildal Anti Inflammatory Drug is being sold as over the counter drug has to banned completely due to occurrence of Nimesulide induced acute hepatitis. On February 12, 2011, the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare finally had decided to suspend the pediatric use of the Nimesulide suspension. From 10 March 2011 Nimesulide formulations are not indicated for human use in children below 12 years of age. On September 13, 2011 Madras High Court revoked a suspension on manufacture and sale of pediatric drugs Nimesulide and phenylpropanolamine (PPA). Though the government of India has banned the pediatric use of Nimesulide for common fever and pain due to its adverse effects on the liver, its usage by adults is being increased everyday without any prescription. The drug was banned in 2000 in various countries like Switzerland, Spain, United states etc, whereas in India it was banned in 2011 which was too late to be banned and still available in India for adult use despite of its hepatotoxicity and possible drug interactions.

ACETAMINOPHEN: POTENTIAL PEDIATRIC HAZARD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-883
Author(s):  
C. F. W.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Pediatric Use ◽  
Incomplete Lists

Acetaminophen, long popular in Europe, has received increasing use in the United States as an analgesic and antipyretic, in both adult and pediatric practice. This increased use has come about partly because of concern over side effects of aspirin, especially its interference with blood-clotting mechanisms. Pediatric use of acetaminophen has been facilitated because it can be formulated into a stable suspension, easy to administer to children. Acetaminophen is available in many forms and formulations, alone and in combination, in both prescription and over-the-counter products. The table at the end of this section, admittedly incomplete, lists some 200 brand names of products containing this compound which are marketed in the United States. The extensive availability of acetaminophen increases the probability of accidental ingestion of toxic quantities by infants and children. Although package inserts characterize this drug as having exceptional safety in recommended doses, ingestion of moderately large quantities can cause kidney and liver damage resulting sometimes in death. Adverse side effects have been reported from lesser quantities. It is, therefore, important to alert practitioners to the potential toxicity, symptomatology and procedures for handling overdose. A highly significant aspect in such incidents is that early signs of poisoning may be minimal, even in cases where death ultimately occurs. Unaware of this, a physician might delay intensive therapy. Poisoning by acetaminophen and its treatment have been extensively studied in the United Kingdom where consumption of this drug has progressively risen over the past decade and has been accompanied by an increasing number of poisonings.

Efinaconazole and Tavaborole

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Poulakos ◽  
Yasmin Grace ◽  
Jade D. Machin ◽  
Erin Dorval
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
The United States ◽  
Topical Product ◽  
Oral Medications

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the safety, efficacy, and role of efinaconazole and tavaborole in the treatment of onychomycosis. Summary: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and nondermatophyte fungi. Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) accounts for the majority of the cases. These infections cause structural damage to the nail which makes treatment difficult. Both oral and topical agents exist for the treatment of onychomycosis. Oral medications have generally been more effective, yet adverse effects and drug interactions limit their use in some patients. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents in the United States for oral therapies include terbinafine, itraconazole, and griseofulvin. The only topical product available up to recently was ciclopirox. Conclusion: This article will review efinaconazole and tavaborole, 2 new topical antifungal agents released in 2014.

Transition of Products From Prescription to Over the Counter: The H2 Antagonists

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Drea
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
H2 Antagonists ◽  
Reporting Systems

In general, the histamine type-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) enjoy an enviable record of safety. These agents, notably cimetidine, have been studied extensively in clinical trials, case reports, and worldwide drug use reporting systems. Of the available agents (cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, and ranitidine) several similarities exist from compound to compound and use data to support that each of the agents is equally safe and efficacious in equipotent dosing. A review of H2RA pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and drug interactions is included to provide the clinician with a basis for rational selection and use of an H2RA.

scholarly journals Declines, and Pronounced Regional Disparities, in Meperidine Use in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Boyle ◽  
Kenneth L. McCall ◽  
Stephanie D. Nichols ◽  
Brian J. Piper
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
United States ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Medicare Part D ◽  
The United States ◽  
Part D ◽  
Interventional Pain Management

AbstractPurposeThere have been increasing concerns about adverse effects and drug interactions with meperidine including removal from the World Health Organization’s list of essential medications. The goal of this study was to characterize pharmacoepidemiological patterns in meperidine use in the United States.MethodsMeperidine distribution data was obtained from the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (ARCOS). Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use Files (PUF) were utilized to capture overall trends in national meperidine prescriptions.ResultsNational meperidine distribution decreased from 2001 to 2019 by 94.6%. In 2019 Arkansas, Alabama, Oklahoma, and Mississippi saw significantly greater distribution per person when compared to the average state (9.27, SD = 6.82). Meperidine per ten persons showed an eighteen-fold difference between the highest (Arkansas = 36.8 mg) and lowest (Minnesota = 2.1 mg) states. Five of the six lowest states were in the northeast. Meperidine distribution per state was significantly correlated with the prevalence of adult obesity (r(47) = +0.47, p < 0.001).Family medicine and internal medicine physicians accounted for 28.9% and 20.5% of Medicare Part D total daily supply (TDS) of meperidine in 2017. However, interventional pain management (5.66) and pain management (3.48) physicians accounted for the longest while family medicine (0.69) and internal medicine (0.40) accounted for the shortest TDS per provider.ConclusionUse of meperidine has been declining over the last two-decades. Meperidine distribution varied on a geographical level with south/south-central, and more obese, states showing appreciably greater distribution per person. Primary care doctors continue to account for the majority of meperidine daily supply, but specialists like interventional pain management were the most likely to prescribe meperidine to Medicare patients. Increasing knowledge of meperidine’s undesirable adverse effects (e.g. seizures) and serious drug-drug interactions likely are responsible for these pronounced reductions.

Capital californiano, necesidad presupuestal y cambio político: Juan Temple y el arrendamiento de la Casa de Moneda de México, 1827–1857

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-351
Author(s):  
Omar Velasco Herrera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Government

Durante la primera mitad del siglo xix, las necesidades presupuestales del erario mexicano obligaron al gobierno a recurrir al endeudamiento y al arrendamiento de algunas de las casas de moneda más importantes del país. Este artículo examina las condiciones políticas y económicas que hicieron posible el relevo del capital británico por el estadounidense—en estricto sentido, californiano—como arrendatario de la Casa de Moneda de México en 1857. Asimismo, explora el desarrollo empresarial de Juan Temple para explicar la coyuntura política que hizo posible su llegada, y la de sus descendientes, a la administración de la ceca de la capital mexicana. During the first half of the nineteenth century, the budgetary needs of the Mexican treasury forced the government to resort to borrowing and leasing some of the most important mints in the country. This article examines the political and economic conditions that allowed for the replacement of British capital by United States capital—specifically, Californian—as the lessee of the Mexican National Mint in 1857. It also explores the development of Juan Temple’s entrepreneurship to explain the political circumstances that facilitated his admission, and that of his descendants, into the administration of the National Mint in Mexico City.

Verán ustedes las chozas más humildes. El discurso de pobreza en la diplomacia pública cardenista dirigida a Estados Unidos

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-281
Author(s):  
Sylvia Dümmer Scheel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
The New Deal

El artículo analiza la diplomacia pública del gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas centrándose en su opción por publicitar la pobreza nacional en el extranjero, especialmente en Estados Unidos. Se plantea que se trató de una estrategia inédita, que accedió a poner en riesgo el “prestigio nacional” con el fin de justificar ante la opinión pública estadounidense la necesidad de implementar las reformas contenidas en el Plan Sexenal. Aprovechando la inusual empatía hacia los pobres en tiempos del New Deal, se construyó una imagen específica de pobreza que fuera higiénica y redimible. Ésta, sin embargo, no generó consenso entre los mexicanos. This article analyzes the public diplomacy of the government of Lázaro Cárdenas, focusing on the administration’s decision to publicize the nation’s poverty internationally, especially in the United States. This study suggests that this was an unprecedented strategy, putting “national prestige” at risk in order to explain the importance of implementing the reforms contained in the Six Year Plan, in the face of public opinion in the United States. Taking advantage of the increased empathy felt towards the poor during the New Deal, a specific image of hygienic and redeemable poverty was constructed. However, this strategy did not generate agreement among Mexicans.

Comparison and analysis of the fda approved orphane drugs registerand the vital and essential drugs list of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
D.S. Yurochkin ◽  
◽  
A.A. Leshkevich ◽  
Z.M. Golant ◽  
I.A. NarkevichSaint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Orphan Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Orphan Diseases ◽  
Essential Drugs ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
The Government

The article presents the results of a comparison of the Orphan Drugs Register approved for use in the United States and the 2020 Vital and Essential Drugs List approved on October 12, 2019 by Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2406-r. The comparison identified 305 international non-proprietary names relating to the main and/or auxiliary therapy for rare diseases. The analysis of the market of drugs included in the Vital and Essential Drugs List, which can be used to treat rare (orphan) diseases in Russia was conducted.

The Functional Constitution: Re-Reading the 2014 High Court Constitutional Term

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Dixon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Constitutional Interpretation ◽  
High Court ◽  
Functionalist Approach

A ‘functional’ approach to constitutional interpretation is well-accepted in many other jurisdictions, including the United States, and offers a promising middle path between the extremes of pure formalism and pragmatism. It is, however, under-developed as an approach to constitutional interpretation, rather than doctrine, in Australia. The article offers an exploration of what it would mean to adopt a more explicitly functionalist approach to the interpretation of the Constitution, drawing on constitutional cases decided by the High Court in 2014.

Lawyers as Activists

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Dorf ◽  
Michael S. Chu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Court Action ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trump Administration

Lawyers played a key role in challenging the Trump administration’s Travel Ban on entry into the United States of nationals from various majority-Muslim nations. Responding to calls from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), which were amplified by social media, lawyers responded to the Travel Ban’s chaotic rollout by providing assistance to foreign travelers at airports. Their efforts led to initial court victories, which in turn led the government to soften the Ban somewhat in two superseding executive actions. The lawyers’ work also contributed to the broader resistance to the Trump administration by dramatizing its bigotry, callousness, cruelty, and lawlessness. The efficacy of the lawyers’ resistance to the Travel Ban shows that, contrary to strong claims about the limits of court action, litigation can promote social change. General lessons about lawyer activism in ordinary times are difficult to draw, however, because of the extraordinary threat Trump poses to civil rights and the rule of law.

The Arthur Crawford Scandal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Metelits
Keyword(s):  
Retirement Age ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Government Service ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
High Court ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Receive

The Arthur Crawford Scandal explores how nineteenth century Bombay tried a British official for corruption. The presidency government persuaded Indians, government officials, to testify against the very person who controlled their career by offering immunity from legal action and career punishment. A criminal conviction of Crawford’s henchman established the modus operandi of a bribery network. Subsequent efforts to intimidate Indian witnesses led to litigation at the high court level, resulting in a political pressure campaign in London based on biased press reports from India. These reports evoked questions in the House of Commons; questions became demands that Indians witnesses against Crawford be fired from government service. The secretary of state for India and the Bombay government negotiated about the fate of the Indian witnesses. At first, the secretary of state accepted the Bombay government’s proposals. But the press campaign against the Indian witnesses eventually led him to order the Government of India, in consultation with the Government of Bombay, to pass a law ordering those officials who paid Crawford willingly, to be fired. Those whom the Bombay government determined to be extorted were not to be fired. Both groups retained immunity from further actions at law. Thus, Bombay won a victory that almost saved its original guarantee of immunity: those who were fired were to receive their salary (along with periodic step increases) until they reached retirement age, at which time they would receive a pension. However, this ‘solution’ did little to overcome the stigma and suffering of the fired officials.

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