scholarly journals «Успение Богородицы» в средневековом искусстве Армении и Руси

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Сейрануш Манукян

The article is devoted to parallel identical phenomena in Armenian and Russian art, phenomena that are not due to mutual influence, but reflect similar processes in the development of Eastern Christian art in territories that are quite distant from each other. In the context of the study of the origins and development, the general features of the iconography of the Dormition of the Theotokos in Armenian and Russian art are considered, namely the iconographic version of this scene with the episode of the Punishment of Sophoniah (Avfonia). Its appearance was associated with the tendency to expand and enrich iconographic schemes with narrative and didactic elements, with a freer use of non-canonical apocryphal texts as sources of iconography.

Author(s):  
Татьяна Евгеньевна Самойлова

Цикл «Символ веры» в росписи Архангельского собора является самым ранним сохранившимся примером разработки данной темы в русском искусстве. Фрески Архангельского собора датируются 1652-1666 гг., но известно, что они повторяют иконографическую программу первой росписи собора, которая была создана в царствование Ивана Грозного (1564-1565). В свою очередь, очевидно, образцом для цикла «Символ веры» в декорации XVI в. послужила не дошедшая до нашего времени икона «Символ веры», написанная для Благовещенского собора Кремля в 1547 г. Каждая композиция «Символа веры» в росписи Архангельского собора иллюстрирует определённый параграф Символа и сопровождается надписью-цитатой. Образцами для ряда композиций цикла послужили весьма древние, хорошо известные иконографические схемы. В то же время некоторые из них включают в себя оригинальные, новые иконографические мотивы. Во многих композициях цикла мы находим мотивы, заимствованные из сложной обновлённой иконографической схемы иконы «Страшного суда», которая также была написана для Благовещенского собора в 1547 г. Некоторые композиция цикла основаны на иконографических мотивах, пришедших из западного искусства. Существует устоявшееся мнение, что восточно-христианское искусство в отличие от западного не имело традиции иллюстрирования Символа веры. В связи с этим цикл Архангельского собора рассматривали как созданный исключительно под влиянием западной иконографии. Однако хорошо известно, что система декорации византийского храма с точки зрения её богословского содержания является не чем иным, как манифестацией Символа веры. Некоторые примеры византийского и древнерусского искусства, такие как Алексеевский Крест XIV в., украшенный сценами от «Рождества» до «Воскресения», подтверждают существование в восточно-христианском искусстве собственной традиции развития темы Символа веры. В связи с этим можно утверждать, что цикл Архангельского собора в большей степени основан на ресурсах восточно-христианской традиции, восходящей ко времени единства Западной и Восточной Церквей. The cycle «Credo» in the decoration of the Archangel cathedral is the first survived example in Ancient Russian art. These frescoes were created in 1652-1666, but we know, that they repeated the iconographical program of Ivan Terrible’s time decoration (1564-1565). Besides, the frescoes of XVI с. followed the composition scheme of the icon, ordered for Kremlin Annunciation cathedral after 1547. The main peculiarity of the cycle «Credo» in Archangel cathedral is that every composition here has an inscription-citation from prayer «Credo». The compositions illustrate every paragraph. To create some compositions of this cycle ancient iconographical schemes were used. Sometimes they were composed with new, original motives. In a number of compositions, we could discover the motives, taken out of sophisticated scheme of icon «The Last Judgment», which also was created for Annunciation cathedral after 1547. Sometimes absolutely new compositions were generated using Western European art iconographical motives. There is a persistent opinion, that Eastern Christian art by contrast with Western European art had not the tradition to illustrate «Credo», and so its first example was born under western art influence. Indeed, in Byzantine Art we don’t know works of art, which relation with Credo is confirmed by texts. But we know, that the theological content of the decorative system of byzantine cathedral comported to the sense of prayer Credo. Some examples of byzantine and ancient Russian art, as for instance, Alexeevskyi Cross, decorated with scenes from Nativity to Resurrection, show us, that in Eastern Christian Art its own line of this theme development existed. The cycle «Credo» in the Archangel cathedral rolls call not only with West European works of art, but uses deeply internal resource, which byzantine roots are common for West and East.


2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Lo Coco ◽  
Salvatore Gullo ◽  
Gabriele Profita ◽  
Chiara Pazzagli ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
A. Sarkisyants

The article investigates the world art market trends. It considers the main market indicators, comparative rate of return and the prospects of the market as well as the problems of art banking. Special attention is paid to the Russian art market.


Author(s):  
Ye.Ye. Nikitin

The current situation in the sphere of district heating is analysed on the basis of use of the cognitive approach. The presence of closed chains of cause-effect relationships of negative factors and conflicts of target settings of the subjects in the field of district heating is shown. The conceptual model of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is proposed. This model includes indicators of the current status of heat sources, networks and heat consumers, energetic and economic models, restrictions, procedure of forming and analysis of the mutual influence of the recommended projects. The quantitative data on indicators of the current state of district heating systems of the cities of Ukraine are presented. The interrelation between indicators of the current state and projects of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems is shown. Assessment of energy self-sufficiency of municipal district heating systems on condition of thermal modernization of buildings is carried out. The creation of energy management systems at the district heating enterprises is proposed. Bib. 6, Fig. 7, Tab. 5.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Xu Jianqin

This article analyses the evolution of the mother–daughter relationship in China, and describes the mothering characteristics of four generations of women, which in sequence includes “foot-binding mothers”, “mothers after liberation”, “mothers after reform and opening up”, and “mothers who were only daughters”. Referring to Klein’s ideas about the mother–child relationship, especially those in her paper “Some reflections on ‘The Oresteia’ ”, the author tries to understand mothers and their impact on their daughters in these various periods of Chinese history, so as to explore the mutual influence of the mother–daughter relationship in particular, and the Chinese cultural and developmental context in general.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (100) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Iu., Maevskaya ◽  
◽  
Dmitrij A., Maevsky ◽  
Artem, Savieliev ◽  
Oleksandr N., Semenjug ◽  
...  

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Muskinul Fuad

Guidance and counseling activity is and reciprocal interaction that contain mutual-influence relation between counselorand client. Counselor have role as individual who will guide client to attain certain goal. To play this role effectively, counselor needcertain capacity that define his quality. The most important capacity is counselor’s character quality (the man behind the system).Several counselors’ character quality related with counselor’s attitude, value, behavior, and spirituality. These qualities have utmostpriority at counselor’s education phase. Therefore, counselor needs a character training that have psycho-spiritual-education feature


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