THE ROLE OF DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS IN ENHANCING REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Elena G. Patrusheva ◽  
Anna V. Rajhlina
Keyword(s):  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Development Institutions

Role of Research and Development in Sustaining Indian Agriculture: A Brief Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 396-401
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Agriculture Development

Technology united with research and development has evolved as a grave differentiator of the agriculture sector in India including production, processing, and agriculture packing and marketing of given crops. Near about 50 percent of the Indian workforce was engaged in the agriculture sector but its share in GDP was only 14 percent, much lower in comparison to former. Though, certain agriculture items showed a steady annual increase in terms of kilograms per hectare. Agriculture transformed significantly over the past few decades but when it comes to investment in research and development there is a lot more which needs to be done. The paper analyzes the role of various research and development institutions in boosting the growth of the agriculture sector that helps in attaining sustainable agriculture development and self-sufficiency in the production process since independence. It also focusesed on the various issues faced by these development institutions. The findings unveiled that since independence a lot more was done to boost the research and development in the agriculture sector at both the center and state levels but a proper implementation of these policies along with transparency could bring more desirable outcomes than were gained at present.

The Applied-Ethical Structural Synthesis of International Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (197) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Astroulakis
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Applied Ethics ◽  
Global Ethics ◽  
Structural Synthesis ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Market Relations

<p>The paper challenges the mainstream stance in the study of applied ethics<br />in international development. Applied ethics is positioned at the macro-social level<br />of global ethics while a specific codification is attempted by formulating international development based on its structural synthesis, in a threefold level: First, the structural synthesis –associated with the framework of existing international development policy–can be found in the ‘market relations’. Second, the analysis specifies the policies applied at the national level and the role of nation-state policy. Third, the paper criticizes the international development institutions’ policies. In each of the levels mentioned above, the analysis reveals the fundamental policy theory issues of neoclassical economics, as the intellectual defender of free market economics.</p>

scholarly journals INTEGRATION PROCESSES AND GLOBAL REGIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Bulatova ◽  
Yurii Chentukov ◽  
Illia Chentukov
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Global Space ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Processes

This article deals with changes of a spatial structure of the world economy, which has complex and heterogeneous hierarchy. It specifies that multipurposeness and complex structuring are becoming global signs of regionalization proc­esses and highlights the enhanced role of regional competitiveness within the context of global transformation. The emphasis is laid upon the objectiveness of the global regionalization process, which characterizes processes of the world economy development whilst global regions are becoming its main system ele­ments. This paper stresses that global regionalization development is reflected through a new global space structure. It suggests a methodic toolbox of compre­hensive assessment of regional integration development processes with due consideration of various aspects (trade, industrial and market integration), which provides for a comparative analysis of global regions' development or of certain integration associations according to the development level of integration proc­esses on the basis of suggested integrated index.

Tunisian Phosphates and the Politics of the Periphery

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Francis Ghilès ◽  
Eckart Woertz
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Phosphate Mining ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
International Donor ◽  
Crony Capitalism ◽  
Phosphate Mines ◽  
Development Agendas

Using underexplored grey literature and personal interviews with officials, experts and businessmen, this chapter discusses the constitutive role of phosphate mining and trade unions in the politics of the periphery in Tunisia - politics that have been crucially affected by post-independence development agendas, the transformation of national elites in the crony capitalism of the Ben Ali era and its interplay with international donor and development institutions. First, the paper gives an historic overview of Tunisian phosphate mining and its role in regional development. Second, it analyses the politics of Tunisia’s periphery, the role of the Union Générale Tunisienne du Travail within it and the emergence of new social actors. Third, it takes a detailed look at how such conflicts played out during the strikes in the phosphate mines in 2008 and after 2011. It concludes with an outlook on future developments.

Access to skilled labor, institutions and firm performance in developing countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charilaos Mertzanis ◽  
Mona Said
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Development Institutions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of access to skilled labor in explaining firms’ sales growth subject to the controlling influence of a wide range of firm-specific characteristics and country-level economic and non-economic factors. Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses a consistent and large firm-level data set from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys that includes 138 developing countries. An instrumental variables model with a GMM estimator is used for estimating the impact of access to skilled labor on firm performance. In order to obtain more robust estimators, the analysis introduces country-level controls reflecting the influence of economic and institutional factors, such as economic and financial development, institutional governance, education and technological progress. Findings The results document a significant and positive association between access to skilled labor and firm performance in the developing world. The explanatory power of access to skilled labor remains broadly robust after controlling for a wide range of firm-specific characteristics: sectoral and geographical influences matter. The results also show that the association between labor skill constraints and firm performance is mitigated by country-level factors but in diverse ways. Development, institutions, education and technological progress exert various mitigating effects on firm-level behavior regarding access to skilled labor. Originality/value The paper’s novel contribution is threefold: first, it uses joint firm, sector and country-level information to analyze the role of access to skilled labor on firm performance; second, it uses consistently produced information at the firm level from 138 developing countries; and, third, it considers the controlling impact of a wide range of country-level factors that reflect a country’s overall development, institutions and evolution.

scholarly journals A Path Dependency and Cluster Competitiveness Framework to Examine Regional Marketing Systems and Conflicts

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Woods ◽  
Roberta Cook
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Innovation Product ◽  
Marketing Systems ◽  
Local Path

This paper develops a framework for competitiveness that incorporates path dependency within production regions. Patterns of technological innovation, product development, institutions, and market orientation follow a certain local path. This evolution creates regional economies that emerge with unexpected competitive advantage. The model draws on previous work looking at, among other things, induced innovation. The framework is applied here to the major regional tomato producers in North America. The paper examines the role of various institutions (grower associations, governments, research institutions, and support industry) in influencing the path along which a regional sector evolves.

From Metropolitanization to Megaregionalization: Intentionality in the Urban Restructuring of Java’s North Coast, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 0739456X2096740
Author(s):  
Delik Hudalah ◽  
Yustina Octifanny ◽  
Tessa Talitha ◽  
Tommy Firman ◽  
Nicholas A. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Urban Restructuring ◽  
National Planning ◽  
Planning Policies

This paper examines the intentionality behind the emergence of megaregion in Indonesia’s reinvented developmentalist state tradition. Illustrated by the case of Java, this paper explores the role of regional planning in facilitating megaregion emergence. It reveals that sectoral and ad hoc national planning policies, although not intentionally aimed to guide spatial development, implicitly promote the emergence of this megaregion. This is particularly registered in the construction of megaprojects aimed at increasing regional competitiveness through the improvement of interregional connectivity and facilitating exurbanization through the building of in-between cities.

scholarly journals Cooperatives and Sustainable Development: A Multilevel Approach Based on Intangible Assets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Castilla-Polo ◽  
M. Isabel Sánchez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Regional Competitiveness ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Practical Tool

There is a major interest in analyzing the role of intangible assets on sustainable development, which is a topic under the auspices of the so-called 5th stage of research. Cooperatives are enterprises directly committed to sustainable development due to their dual nature–economic and social. This paper is based on a literature review and proposes a theoretical model based on intangible assets for understanding the role of cooperatives as drivers of sustainable development. The findings show that these assets are involved in regional competitiveness and especially evident when considering cooperatives. It can be concluded that, when focusing the attention on cooperatives, it is useful to use a multilevel approach (micro and macro levels) to understand the whole process of interaction between intangible assets and sustainable development. The model aims to contribute to a line of research of great potential, but is also a practical tool for reflecting on cooperativism and for government agencies.

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