scholarly journals Eliciting the Financial Challenges Facing Emerging Contractors in Developing Countries Using the Critical Incident Technique: A Case of South African Construction Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Hove George
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this paper was to determine the financial critical incidents that are encountered by emerging contractors in the construction industry in Gauteng, South Africa. The methodology of assessment was based on critical incident technique, a qualitative method which has been considered reliable in tourism and hospitality studies. An interview guide which was evaluated in terms of reliability and validity was used to collect critical incidents from the respondents. Based on the interviews conducted, the respondents highlighted twenty eight financial critical incidents perceived to have an impact or impacts on Emerging Contractors’ performance. The incidents identified were the inability of Emerging Contractors to properly manage cash flow, poor budgetary planning and cash flow, poor financial decision making and lack of collateral. In order to improve Emerging Contractors’ performance, executives are required to plan construction projects in order to guide their execution and control. The limitation of the study was that the perceptions drawn were extracted from 12 respondents who represented emerging contractors in Gauteng Province. Therefore, the results of the study cannot be generalised to the entire South Africa construction industry, however they can be used as part of the solution towards Emerging Contractors’ performance.

Appraisal of stakeholders' willingness to adopt construction 4.0 technologies for construction projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temidayo Oluwasola Osunsanmi ◽  
Clinton Ohis Aigbavboa ◽  
Ayodeji Emmanuel Oke ◽  
Muredini Liphadzi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

PurposeConstruction 4.0 technology has the capabilities for improving the design, management, operations and decision making of construction projects. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the willingness of construction professionals towards adopting construction 4.0 technologies.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a survey design, and construction professionals in South Africa are assessed using a convenience sampling technique through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was analysed with SPSS while statistical test like; mean score, t-test and principal component analysis was used to present the data.FindingsThe findings, from the analysis, revealed that the construction professionals are willing to adopt construction 4.0 technologies for construction project. However, the possibility of fully integrating the technologies into the construction industry is low. This is because the major technologies such as; Internet of things, robotics, human-computer interaction and cyber-physical systems that encourage smart construction site are rated as not important by the construction professionals.Practical implicationsIt is believed that the findings emanating from this study will serve as an indicator for investors that are interested in procuring construction 4.0 technologies for the construction industry.Originality/valueThis paper presents a framework for the application of construction 4.0 technologies for the construction industry. It also contributes to the development of digitalising construction industry in South Africa.

A técnica do incidente crítico: uma estratégia de gestão na saúde materno infantil

Inova Saúde ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Barros ◽  
Patrícia De Souza ◽  
Fernanda Motta Afonso ◽  
Haydée Serrão Lanzillotti
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Communication Capacity ◽  
Primary Health

ResumoO objetivo foi aplicar a Técnica do Incidente Crítico no cumprimento das três primeiras recomendações da Caderneta de Saúde da Criança. Estudo transversal exploratório, utilizando-se a Técnica do Incidente Crítico. Foram entrevistadas 102 mães de crianças (<2anos). Incidentes críticos, positivos ou negativos: adoção do aleitamento materno, confiabilidade dos registros antropométricos, compreensão e interpretação pelas mães, habilidade de comunicação dos profissionais para explicá-los. Teste de proporções (p=0,70). Os resultados apresentaram média de idade das crianças=10,92 meses, 51,96% meninos e 48,04% meninas. A maior frequência de incidentes críticos negativos foram a não adoção do aleitamento materno exclusivo (88,24%), não confiabilidade dos registros antropométricos(81,37%), incompreensão/dificuldade de interpretação destes registros pelas mães (ambas 97,05%) e possível inabilidade de comunicação dos profissionais de saúde (97,05%; α=0,05;Zp=1,64). Destaca-se a aplicação desta técnica na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclui-se que o levantamento dos incidentes críticos permitiu inferir sobre o descumprimento das recomendações emanadas da Caderneta de Saúde da Criança. Palavras chave: aleitamento materno; criança; antropometria. AbstractThe objective was to apply the critical incident technique in the conduction of the first three recommendations of the Child Health Handbook. It was performed an exploratory cross-sectional study in which the Critical Incident Technique was applied and 102 mothers of children under two years of age were interviewed. The critical incidents, either positive or negative, were: adoption of maternal breastfeeding, reliability of anthropometric records, understanding/interpretation of these records by mothers, communication capacity of the professionals to explain them. Test of proportions (p=0,70). The results showed that mean age of children=10.92 months, 51.96% boys; 48.04% girls. The highest frequency of negative critical incidents: no adoption of exclusive maternal breastfeeding (88.24%), non-reliability of anthropometric records (81.37%), misunderstanding/difficulty of interpretation of records by mothers (both 97.05%) and possible lack of communication capacity of health professionals(97.05%)(α=0,05;Zp=1,64). The application of this technique in Primary Health Care demonstrates the importance of the study. It was conclude that the critical incidents survey allowed assessing the reasons for non-compliance with the Child Health Handbook recommendations.Keywords: breast feeding; child; anthropometry

Uncovering cultural assumptions: Using a critical incident technique during an international student-teaching field experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Madrid Akpovo
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Student Teaching ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Field Experience ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
The Us ◽  
International Field Experience

This research examined the critical incidents of 10 United States (US) early childhood student teachers during a three-week university-sponsored international field experience conducted in three urban preschools in Kathmandu, Nepal. The purpose of employing the critical incident technique was to allow the US student teachers to reflect critically on successful and unsuccessful intercultural interactions in an effort to identify cultural assumptions about teaching young children. The approach was used not only to make assumptions visible, but also to make conceptual and behavioral changes based on what was learned from the critical reflection. The student teachers wrote weekly critical incidents, which were then discussed during weekly individual interviews. Three group discussions, a research journal, and field notes were used to triangulate the findings. A qualitative thematic analysis revealed five types of written critical incidents: descriptive, hypothetical, resistive, reflective, and integrative. Illustrative critical incidents are presented to compare and contrast how the international field experience allowed for productive reflection of cultural assumptions for some student teachers while leading to resistance to cultural assumptions for other student teachers. The findings suggest that outcomes vary based on the student teachers’ ability not only to identify their cultural assumptions, but also to challenge their cultural assumptions with actions grounded in ethnorelative reflection when teaching diverse groups of young children in the US and abroad.

scholarly journals Building Information Modelling Technology in Mitigating Cost Overruns and change orders in Construction Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Ja’far A. Aldiabat Al-Btoosh
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Building Information ◽  
And Control

Variation order (VO) is one of the main issues faced by the construction industry in Jordan. Many researchers had investigated on the causes of VO and proposed procedures to minimize and control this issue; however, the VO is affecting the construction industry badly even at moment. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a powerful management system that can make a significant difference in the project costs. However, BIM has not been examined as a tool to minimize the VO in Jordan. The main target of this study is to utilize BIM applications in reducing the effect of VO on the governmental projects in Jordan. In order to achieve this target, the researcher has designed a questionnaire to gather data related to VO causes and the BIM capability to solve this problem. The data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed statistically. The result from the analysis found that the consultant initiated the highest VO of 50% followed by the clients and the contractors of 20% and 10% unforeseen variation respectively. Moreover, it is found that BIM Design Applications, Facility Operations Simulation, Exploration Design Scenarios, BIM Design Detection and BIM Quantity Take-off and Cost Estimation were significantly capable of minimizing VO. The results show positive relationship with the application of BIM in minimizing VO in the construction industry in Jordan. © 2018. JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

Investigating the managerial ‘‘nuts and bolts’’ for the construction industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-348
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap ◽  
Ian Ni Chow
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
And Control

PurposeManagerial shortfalls can considerably undermine the delivery performance of construction projects. This paper appraises the project management essentials (PMEs) for successful construction project delivery.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a detailed literature review, a questionnaire survey was developed encompassing 20 PMEs that were identified. An opinion questionnaire survey was used to facilitate data collection from key construction stakeholders in the Malaysian construction industry. The survey data were subjected to descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis.FindingsFindings indicated that the leading PMEs are competency of the project team, competency of project manager, good leadership, effective planning and control and realistic cost and time estimate. Spearman’s rank correlation tests affirmed a good agreement on the ranking of PMEs across stakeholder groups. The present study found that PMEs for construction have a total of four dimensions, namely: scope, communication and competence management; stakeholder commitment and collaborative engagement; construction time–cost planning and control; and environment, health, safety and quality management.Practical implicationsThe findings could potentially contribute to the development of appropriate project management best practices to address managerial shortfalls in Malaysia and other developing countries.Originality/valueThis paper bridges the identified knowledge gap about critical managerial dimensions for successful project management in construction. The present study adds to the existing body of knowledge around this under-explored area in the construction management literature.

Contemporaneous versus Retrospective User-Reported Critical Incidents in Usability Evaluation

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (24) ◽  
pp. 1973-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda G. Capra
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
End Users ◽  
Usability Evaluation ◽  
Task Execution ◽  
Retrospective Reporting ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

The user-reported critical incident technique involves end-users directly in qualitative data collection during formative usability evaluations. An augmented retrospective variation was developed where participants reported incidents while watching a recording of their usability session, rather than reporting incidents contemporaneous to their occurrence during task execution. Retrospective reporting enables controlled comparisons of user-reported and expert-reported methods, since session recordings can be shown to multiple reviewers. It also allows for the collection of incidents without disrupting traditional usability measures, such as time to complete task. A within-subject study with 24 participants found retrospective reporting to be similarly effective to contemporaneous reporting. The study is described and guidelines are provided for the use of both the contemporaneous and augmented retrospective techniques.

scholarly journals CONOCIMIENTO NORMATIVO DE LOS MAESTROS DE OBRA, CONTROL DE RECURSOS Y PRESUPUESTO DE OBRA EN LAS CONSTRUCCIONES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
JULIÁN ORTIZ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
And Control

In the administration of construction processes, methods applicable to all phases of construction projects are constituted, integrating necessary technical processes from the beginning to their completion, among which are the planning,programming, implementation, direction and control of hours, among others. , thus leading an organized and technical process, therefore, the construction industry has generated high competitiveness in terms of cost, time and quality, analyzing the factors that contribute to improving the processes and strategies applicable to this field; However, there have been constant non-compliances in these three factors, evidenced in the untimely delivery of the work due to delays of various kinds. To mitigate these inconveniences, it is essential to monitor, control costs and time of a project. This makes it possible to know if what is planned is in accordance with what has been executed, if the monitoring and correct control is not carried out, there is a risk of not obtaining the results of a project and the planned objectives of the same could not be reached with precision. This allows making decisions on time and executing the project as close as possible to the execution of the budget and monitoring and control of a project are very important when it comes to executing the budget, forecasting and controlling its development.

scholarly journals Critical incidents involving Semiology during practical activities of nursing undergraduates

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. 1572-1579
Author(s):  
Ídila Letícia Justiniana de Macedo ◽  
Cristina Mara Zamarioli ◽  
Emilia Campos de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Critical Incidents ◽  
Critical Incident Technique ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify critical incidents (situations, behaviors and feelings) during practical activities, involving knowledge and skills related to the discipline of Semiology and Semiotics. Method: Descriptive research using the critical incident technique, with the Snow Ball technique for the selection of participants and an instrument for collection of data. The reports were categorized according to the elements of the critical incident (situations, behaviors and feelings). Results: A total of 62 reports from senior (n = 46), sophomore and junior (n = 16) students were analyzed. The students were predominantly female (90.3%). The majority described a situation of a physical examination, expressed mastery of the skills necessary for the activity and reported positive feelings. Conclusion: The reports showed that the knowledge and skills acquired in the discipline allowed for a development of practical activities with familiarity and positive feelings. The importance that the students attribute to the recognition of the activities by the professor, the patient and family stands out.

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