scholarly journals Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Fe, Zn, As, Cd and Pb Concentration in Selected Asian Rice Grain (Oryza sativa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Kok Weng Tan ◽  
Eu Han Khaw
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Environmental Health Risk ◽  
Unpolished Rice

This study was carried out to determine the concentration of chemical elements in food grains (Oryza Sativa). A total of eight brands of rice grains was selected which are commonly sold in major hypermarkets in Malaysia. The selection was based on the countries of origin (COO) namely Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, China, Japan and Taiwan. A total of 16 rice grain samples included both polished and unpolished rice grains in order to determine the concentration of Fe, Zn, As, Cd and Pb. From the laboratory result, it was found that the concentration of Fe, Zn, As, Cd and Pb was ranged from 0.067-14.446 mgkg‑1, 0.308-12.335 mgkg‑1, 0.000-0.048 mgkg‑1, 0.000-0.604 mgkg‑1 and 0.000-0.418 mgkg‑1 respectively. The rice grains samples from Vietnam, China and Cambodia showed that carcinogenic cancer risk for both adults and infants’ group (Cumulative lifetime cancer risk, CLCR >1x10-4).

scholarly journals Mechanical and Processing Properties of Rice Grains

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽  
Andrzej Marczuk ◽  
Robert Kasner ◽  
Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Processing Properties

Strength properties of grains have a significant impact on the energy demand of grinding mills. This paper presents the results of tests of strength and energy needed the for destruction of rice grains. The research aim was to experimentally determine mechanical and processing properties of the rice grains. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions: (1) what force and energy are needed to induce a rupture of rice grain of the Oryza sativa L. of long-grain variety? (2) what is the relationship between grain size and strength parameters and the energy of grinding rice grain of the species Oryza sativa L. long-grain variety? In order to find the answer to the problems posed, a static compression test of rice grains was done. The results indicate that the average forces needed to crush rice grain are 174.99 kg m·s−2, and the average energy is 28.03 mJ. There was no statistically significant relationship between the grain volume calculated based on the volumetric mass density Vρ and the crushing energy, nor between the volume Vρ and other strength properties of rice grains. In the case of Vs, a low negative correlation between strength σmin and a low positive correlation between the power inducing the first crack were found for the grain size related volume. A low negative correlation between the grain thickness a3, stresses σmin and work WFmax was found as well as a low positive correlation between thickness a3 and the force inducing the first crack Fmin.

CHANGES OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL INDEXES AND CHEMICAL ELEMENTS OF GRAIN OF RICE REGUL BY ITS PROCESSING INTO THE GROATS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.Г. КОРОТКОВА ◽  
А.П. ДОНЕНКО ◽  
Ю.Н. СЕДОЙ
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Определены физико-химические показатели и содержание химических элементов четырех образцов риса сорта Регул, отобранных после основных стадий процесса переработки зерна риса-сырца в крупу на ООО «Южная рисовая компания» (ЮРК) (ст. Холмская, Краснодарский край), – очищенного риса-сырца, риса после шелушения, шлифования и полировки для выявления чистоты продукции. Установлено, что в результате переработки зерна риса в крупу снижается содержание жира, фосфора, общей золы и сырой клетчатки, энергетическая ценность рисовой крупы возрастает. Содержание химических элементов в рисовой крупе соответствует предельно допустимым уровням содержания токсичных элементов, определенным ТР ТС 015/2011 «О безопасности зерна». Основные металлы содержатся в наружных слоях зерновки, мг/кг: медь 1,6 ± 0,4; свинец 1,4 ± 0,4; цинк 1,9 ± 0,5; железо 95,0; марганец 5,2 ± 1,3; диоксид кремния 6,5%. В образцах риса после полировки они не обнаружены. Содержание свинца в рисовой крупе составляет менее 0,5 мг/кг. Технология производства рисовой крупы на ООО «ЮРК» обеспечивает удаление токсичных микропримесей и чистоту произведенной продукции. Physical and chemical indicators and content chemical elements for four samples of rice variety Regul selected after the main stages of the processing of raw rice grain into cereals at the LLC “South Rice Company” (SRC) (village Kholmskaya, Krasnodar region) to determine the purity of the products: purified raw rice, rice after peeling, grinding and polishing. It is established that as a result of processing grain of rice in croup, the content of fat, phosphorus, total ash and crude fiber decreases, the energy value of rice cereal increases. Content of chemical elements in the rice crop meets the maximum permissible levels of toxic elements in accordance with TR CU 015/2011 “An grain safety”. Basic metals are contained in the outer layers of the grains, mg/kg: copper 1,6 ± 0,4; plumbum 1,4 ± 0,4; zinc 1,9 ± 0,5; iron 95,0; manganese 5,2 ± 1,3; silicon dioxide 6,5%. In rice samples after polishing they are not found. The content of lead in rice grains is less than 0,5 mg/kg. The technology of rice grain production at LLC “SRC” provides removal of toxic micro-impurities and purity of the products.

Arsenic in Rice: A New Global Disaster

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasis Chakrabarty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
As Toxicity ◽  
Essential Food

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is amidst the great essential food crop that offers a staple food for most of the world’s populace. Arsenic (As) is a carcinogenic heavy metal, which harms human health. In Asian countries, a major source of human As-intake is rice grains and; contamination of paddy soils by As and accumulation of As in rice grains is one of the serious agricultural issues. Hence, it is important to mitigate the effects of As toxicity as much as possible. In an attempt to minimize As accumulation in grains various genes have been introduced in rice. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the arsenic problem and various biotechnological methods exploited for reducing As accumulation in rice grain.

scholarly journals Influence of sewage sludge on yield and mineral contents of rice grain

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATMM Kamal ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
MS Hossain ◽  
SM Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Sludge Application

Sewage sludge at the rate of 0, 40, 80, 120 and 240 t/ha showed that the number of filled grains per panicle, dry weight of grains and weight of 1000 grains of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were the significantly highest where 240 tons of sewage sludge per hectare was added. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb in rice grains increased significantly with increasing rate of sewage sludge application, while that of Mn decreased significantly. Chromium, cadmium and nickel contents in the rice grain were below detection limit. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v26i1-2.20231 Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 26(1-2): 57-60, December-2013

Interference of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) with Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Diarra ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
L 22

Red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) densities of 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced grain yield of commercial rice (Oryza sativaL.) 22, 77, and 82%, respectively. At a cultivated rice density of 195 plants/m2, red rice at 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced straw dry weight of cultivated rice 18, 66, and 68%, respectively. At a red rice density of 5 plants/m2, reduction in number of cultivated rice grains per panicle ranged from 8 to 18%, whereas densities of 108 and 215 plants/m2reduced grains per panicle 56 to 70%. Red rice grain yield was 24 to 33% lower in ‘Mars' rice than in ‘Lebonnet’. Mars, a medium-grain cultivar that matures in 138 days, competed better with red rice than Lebonnet, a long-grain cultivar that matures in 126 days.

scholarly journals Exposure to Particulate PAHs on Potential Genotoxicity and Cancer Risk among School Children Living Near the Petrochemical Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2575
Author(s):  
Nor Ashikin Sopian ◽  
Juliana Jalaludin ◽  
Suhaili Abu Bakar ◽  
Titi Rahmawati Hamedon ◽  
Mohd Talib Latif
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

This study aimed to assess the association of exposure to particle-bound (PM2.5) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with potential genotoxicity and cancer risk among children living near the petrochemical industry and comparative populations in Malaysia. PM2.5 samples were collected using a low-volume sampler for 24 h at three primary schools located within 5 km of the industrial area and three comparative schools more than 20 km away from any industrial activity. A gas chromatography–mass spectrometer was used to determine the analysis of 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) priority PAHs. A total of 205 children were randomly selected to assess the DNA damage in buccal cells, employing the comet assay. Total PAHs measured in exposed and comparative schools varied, respectively, from 61.60 to 64.64 ng m−3 and from 5.93 to 35.06 ng m−3. The PAH emission in exposed schools was contributed mainly by traffic and industrial emissions, dependent on the source apportionment. The 95th percentiles of the incremental lifetime cancer risk estimated using Monte Carlo simulation revealed that the inhalation risk for the exposed children and comparative populations was 2.22 × 10−6 and 2.95 × 10−7, respectively. The degree of DNA injury was substantially more severe among the exposed children relative to the comparative community. This study reveals that higher exposure to PAHs increases the risk of genotoxic effects and cancer among children.

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