scholarly journals The ”foreign” virus?

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Attila Tanyi ◽  
Magnus Egan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Border Controls

In response to the COVID pandemic, the Norwegian government implemented the strictest border controls in modern Norwegian history, barring entry to most foreign nationals. The Prime Minister, Erna Solberg, justified these policies with reference to the rise of new COVID variants and the need to limit visitors to Norway as much as possible. As this approach has severe adverse effects on many people, there is a need to critically examine the justification given for closing the border. In this paper, we argue that while many border restrictions are legitimate, (1) the arguments given for the recent banning of entry for groups of people are not convincing, and (2) that the ban unduly limits personal freedoms and places an unjust burden on transnational citizens and Norwegians with close relations abroad. Keywords: COVID-19, Border Closure, Border Restrictions, Justice, Sovereignty, Nationalism, Immigration, Freedom, Ignorance

scholarly journals The Securitization of the European Migrant Crisis - Evidence From Bulgaria and Hungary (2015-2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Tatiana P. Rizova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria over the past fifteen years have produced the largest waves of displaced people and refugees since World War II. As European Union (EU) leaders braced for an influx of thousands of people fleeing from these conflicts, they faced pressures to revisit and modify legal rules that left countries in Southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean unable to cope with a crisis of unprecedented proportions in the twenty-first century. While the logistical challenges of this humanitarian disaster threatened to undermine Southeastern and Mediterranean states’ capacity, multiple terrorist attacks across Europe magnified the security concerns of EU leaders. This paper compares how two of the European Union’s newest member states – Bulgaria and Hungary – have tackled the migrant crisis and assesses the impact of security concerns on their refugee policies. Some of the responses of these countries’ governments were similar – both governments mandated the erection or extension of physical barriers to impede migrants’ entry on their countries’ territory. While the Bulgarian government took cues from the rhetoric and actions of key EU leaders such as Angela Merkel, the Hungarian government continuously antagonized EU leaders and declined to cooperate with their proposed multi-lateral strategies of handling the migrant crisis. Decisions taken by the two governments were, to some extent, dictated by security concerns. The rhetoric of the Hungarian government, however, contained stronger nationalist overtones than that of the Bulgarian government. Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and his right-wing government led an anti-migrant and anti-refugee campaign that sought to exclude foreign nationals due to the patent incompatibility of their cultural values with those of Hungary’s nationals. On the other hand, the rhetoric of Bulgaria’s Prime Minister – Boiko Borisov – was more dualistic and contradictory. His policy statements to the foreign press or at EU summits reflected the general sentiment of the top EU brass, whereas statements made to the Bulgarian media focused more specifically on security concerns and were far more critical of the foreign nationals attempting to enter Bulgaria’s territory. Moreover, the security-focused rhetoric and actions of the government became more strident immediately before and after the Bulgarian presidential elections of November 2016, which led to the resignation of Borisov’s cabinet. Political parties in Bulgaria, including Borisov’s GERB party have increasingly become critical of refugees living in Bulgaria’s admission centers. Borisov’s government even extradited a group of Afghan asylum seekers due to their involvement in a riot at one of the refugee admission centers. This study is based on a content analysis of statements made by Bulgarian and Hungarian government officials and media coverage in several Bulgarian and Hungarian news publications between 2015 and 2017.

Ireland’s Varadkar faces serious election challenge

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
General Election ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporation Tax ◽  
Fianna Fail ◽  
Housing Shortages

Subject Ireland election preview. Significance Ireland will hold a snap general election on February 8. According to various polls, Prime Minister Leo Varadkar is facing a narrow defeat. The election will most likely result in a large coalition led by the opposition Fianna Fail (FF) or Varadkar’s Fine Gael (FG), involving a number of smaller parties. Impacts Ireland’s strong economic performance could be derailed by Brexit and the implementation of an EU-wide corporation tax. Firms and universities in Dublin will struggle to attract foreign nationals if housing shortages and soaring rental costs persist. Neither FG nor FF would push for a referendum on Irish reunification in the next five years, at least.

Interview with Prime Minister Jüri Ratas of Estonia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
City Council ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Economic Adviser

Jüri Ratas has been Estonia's Prime Minister since 2016 and is currently serving his second term in office. From 2007 to 2016, Ratas was Vice-President of the 11th, 12th and 13th Estonian Parliament. He was elected to the Tallinn City Council in 2005, 2009 and 2013, and served as the city's Mayor from 2005 to 2007, and as its Deputy Mayor from 2003 to 2004 and during 2005. His service in the Tallinn administration started when he was elected Economic Adviser to the Tallinn City Office, a position he served in from 2002 to 2003. Prior to holding this post, he served on the board of OÜ Värvilised from 1999 to 2002. During his time in office, Prime Minister Ratas has supported Estonia's various State-led digital transformation processes. In this interview, he reflects on how the “digital State” of Estonia has relied on digitally rooted solutions to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. He also provides insights for the humanitarian sector on digital transformation processes, private–public sector collaborations and preventive digital approaches, such as investing in digital literacy and education, that can help mitigate the potentially adverse effects of digital advancements.

scholarly journals The Kiwi Way: New Zealand’s COVID-19 Elimination Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Baiq Wardhani (Scopus ID: 57201260683)
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Border Controls

Esai ini mengulas keberhasilan Strategi Eliminasi yang dilaksanakan oleh Selandia Baru. Pengalaman Selandia Baru terbilang unik karena keberhasilan negara ini dalam menghadapi COVID-19 mungkin tidak bisa dilakukan oleh negara lain. Strategi yang diadopsi PM Jacinda Ardern ini merupakan respon reaktifnya atas memburuknya situasi kesehatan global yang menjadi ancaman bagi negaranya. Penulis berargumen, keberhasilan sebuah negara dalam menangani pandemi global ini, dan mungkin juga untuk berbagai bentuk krisis, ditentukan oleh dua faktor, yaitu ‘nurture’ dan ‘nature’. Faktor ‘nurture’ dalam esai ini adalah kesediaan semua pihak untuk bekerja sama: pemerintah, pihak oposisi, dan masyarakat. Pengalaman Selandia Baru mengungkapkan bahwa negara ini memiliki tingkat kohesi sosial yang relatif tinggi, yang dibangun selama ratusan tahun, walaupun kohesi sosial Selandia Baru bukan tanpa kekurangan. Faktor ‘nature’ ditentukan oleh kondisi yang melekat, bersifat alamiah dan relatif konstan, yaitu faktor geografi. Selandia Baru beruntung dengan lokasinya yang terpencil, membuatnya lebih percaya diri untuk menekan pandemi sampai tingkat maksimal dengan berbagai kontrol perbatasan. Sementara faktor ‘nature’ lebih merupakan ‘keberuntungan’, faktor ‘nurture’ dapat terjadi hanya melalui pembelajaran.Kata-kata kunci: Selandia Baru, Strategi Eliminasi, geografi, kepemimpinanThis essay reviews the success of the Elimination Strategy implemented by New Zealand. This country’s experience in dealing with COVID-19 is unique, and it may not be possible for other countries. The strategy reflects Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern’s response to the worsening global health situation that poses a threat to her country. I argue the success of any country in dealing with this global pandemic, and perhaps also for various forms of the crisis determines by both ‘nature’ and ‘nurture’ factors. The ‘nurture’ factor is the willingness of all parties to work together: the government, the opposition, and society. New Zealand’s experience reveals that this country has a relatively high level of social cohesion crafted for hundreds of years, yet it is not without shortcomings. The ‘nature’ factor is determined by the original, natural, and relatively constant conditions, namely geography. New Zealand’s remote location makes it more confident to suppress the pandemic to the maximum level with border controls. While the ‘nature’ factor is predetermined, the ‘nurture’ factor can occur only through learning.Keywords: New Zealand, Elimination Strategy, geography, leadership

The Influence of Specimen Thickness in Quantitative Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 112-113
Author(s):  
Nestor J. Zaluzec
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Light Element ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

The application of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to light element analysis is rapidly becoming an important aspect of the microcharacterization of solids in materials science, however relatively stringent requirements exist on the specimen thickness under which one can obtain EELS data due to the adverse effects of multiple inelastic scattering.1,2 This study was initiated to determine the limitations on quantitative analysis of EELS data due to specimen thickness.

Abhängigkeitspotenzial und andere Risiken von Opioidanalgetika im Alter

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk K. Wolter
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Psychische Störungen ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Alte Menschen ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Übersicht über Suchtpotenzial und andere Risiken von Opioidanalgetika im höheren Lebensalter. Methodik: Narrativ review. Literaturrecherche in PubMed (Suchbegriffe: opioid analgesics UND abuse; opioid analgesics UND dependence; opioid analgesics UND addiction; opioid analgesics UND adverse effects; jeweils UND elderly) sowie aktuellen einschlägigen Standardwerken; Auswahl nach altersmedizinischer Relevanz und Aktualität. Ergebnisse: Die Verordnung von Opioidanalgetika (OA) hat in den letzten 25 Jahren massiv zugenommen, die weitaus meisten Verordnungen entfallen auf alte Menschen und Menschen mit chronischen Nicht-Tumorschmerzen (CNTS). Die diagnostischen Kriterien für die Opiatabhängigkeit in ICD-10 und DSM-5 sind für die OA-Behandlung von CNTS ungeeignet. Bei langfristiger OA-Behandlung bei CNTS kann eine spezifische Form von Abhängigkeit entstehen, die nicht mit der illegalen Opiat-(Heroin-)Sucht gleichzusetzen ist. Vorbestehende Suchterkrankungen und andere psychische Störungen sind die wesentlichsten Risikofaktoren. Weitere Nebenwirkungen sind zu beachten. Schmerztherapie bei Suchtkranken stellt eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Anwendung von OA bei CNTS verlangt eine sorgfältige Indikationsstellung. Die besondere Form der Abhängigkeit von OA ist nicht ausreichend erforscht und wird zu wenig beachtet.

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